Insomnia is common among patients with AUD and can impair quality of life and cognitive functioning, as well as cause psycho-social problems and increased risk of relapse. Nonetheless, determinants of insomnia in patients with AUD have scarcely been studied. We aimed to examine prevalence and development of self-perceived insomnia among inpatients in treatment for AUD, and to examine factors in ...

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia (SCZ) has a known neurodevelopmental etiology, but limited access to human prenatal brain tissue hampers the investigation of basic disease mechanisms in early brain development. Here, we elucidate the molecular mechanisms contributing to SCZ risk in a disease-relevant model of the prenatal human brain.<p> <p>METHODS: We generated induced pluripotent stem cell–derived ...

Studies on host–parasite systems that have experienced distributional shifts, range fragmentation, and population declines in the past can provide information regarding how parasite community richness and genetic diversity will change as a result of anthropogenic environmental changes in the future. Here, we studied how sequential postglacial colonization, shifts in habitat, and reduced host ...

Student course evaluation is a mandatory part of quality assurance systems in Norwegian higher education, aiming to enhance educational quality. However, several studies report that student course evaluation mainly is used for quality assurance and not for quality enhancement. Drawing upon translation theory, this paper analyses how the quality assurance system (QAS) that regulates evaluation, the ...

More than 12 percent of the Norwegian population has immigration background, and immigrants play important parts in changing the Norwegian society from a seemingly homogenous to an evidently heterogeneous society. The Norwegian diversity policy was developed to encounter the challenges this represents. The goal of the policy is to create a society taking into account the individual’s right to be ...

Background - Previous studies investigating the association between weight status and onset of puberty in boys have been equivocal. It is currently unclear to what extent weight class influences puberty onset and progression.<p> <p>Objectives - To explore the relationship between degree of sexual maturation and anthropometric measures in Norwegian boys.<p> <p>Methods - The following endpoints ...

<i>Background</i>: Some individuals appear prone to multiple adverse outcomes, including poor health, school dropout, risky behavior and early reproduction. This clustering remains poorly understood. Drawing on evolutionary life history theory, we hypothesized that maternal investment in early life would predict the developmental trajectory and adult phenotype of female offspring. Specifically, we ...

Background - Both neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental abnormalities have been suggested to be part of the etiopathology of severe mental illness (SMI). Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), mainly located in the neuronal cytoplasm, may indicate the process as it is upregulated after neuronal injury while a switch from non-neuronal enolase to NSE occurs during neuronal maturation.<p> <p>Methods - ...

In unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flights, power lines are considered as one of the most threatening hazards and one of the most difficult obstacles to avoid. In recent years, many vision-based techniques have been proposed to detect power lines to facilitate self-driving UAVs and automatic obstacle avoidance. However, most of the proposed methods are typically based on a common three-step approach: ...

Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (PF-ILD) have poor prognosis and survival, and their pathogenesis is not well understood[1]. Mechanistically, lung fibrosis is thought to result from distorted wound-healing following tissue insults and inflammation, leading to scar formation by excess deposition of extracellular matrix proteins and destruction of lung architecture[2]. The fibrotic ...