Shrimp aquaculture systems vary from primitive (extensive/ improved extensive) to more industrialized (intensive/semiintensive) farms, and the impacts of environmental shocks may differ between them. This article applies the Cobb– Douglas stochastic production frontier function to evaluate the determinants that impact the inefficiency of these intensive and extensive systems in Vietnam. Data ...

This chapter discusses the ways in which the Sámi and their host states were framed during the final phase of Lappological research (1923–1954). Was the state still the only source of legitimate historical knowledge in studies of the history of the Sámi during this period? Did the subject positions of the Sámi change? Selected works by Väinö Tanner, O. A. Johnsen, Gutorm Gjessing and Helmer ...

Recall that two geodesics in a negatively curved surface S are of the same type if their free homotopy classes differ by a homeomorphism of the surface. In this note we study the distribution in the unit tangent bundle of the geodesics of fixed type, proving that they are asymptotically equidistributed with respect to a certain measure mS on T 1S. We study a few properties of this measure, showing ...

Herein, we report the synthesis of highly reduced bipyridyl magnesium complexes and the first example of a stable organic magnesium electride supported by quantum mechanical computations and X-ray diffraction. These complexes serve as unconventional homogeneous reductants due to their high solubility, modular redox potentials, and formation of insoluble, noncoordinating byproducts. The applicability ...

We determined player-to-player distance, body-to-ball contact, and exercise intensity during three training modalities in various football populations. 213 participants were recruited, ranging from 9-year-old boys to young men and 11-year-old girls to middleaged women. All groups were analysed with video-filming and GPS-based Polar Pro monitors during three types of football training for 20 min, ...

In this review we integrate the scientifc literature and results-proven practice and outline a novel framework for understanding the training and development of elite long-distance performance. Herein, we describe how fundamental training characteristics and well-known training principles are applied. World-leading track runners (i.e., 5000 and 10,000 m) and marathon specialists participate in 9±3 ...

To limit compromising the integrity of the planet, a shift is needed towards food production with low environmental impacts and low carbon footprint. How to put such transformative change towards sustainable food production whilst ensuring food security into practice remains a challenge and will require transdisciplinary approaches. Combining expertise from natural- and social sciences as well as ...

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous hybrid crystalline materials that consist of organic linkers coordinated to metal centres. The trans–cis isomerisation kinetics of the azobenzene4,4´ -dicarboxylic acid (AZB(COOH)₂ ) precursor, as well as the Al³⁺ (Al-AZB)- and Zr⁴⁺ (Zr-AZB)- based MOFs with azobenzene-4,4´ -dicarboxylate linkers, are presented. The ...

Background: Low-grade inflammation may be part of the underlying mechanism of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We investigated if genetic susceptibility, infections or autoimmunity could explain the immune activation.<p> <p<Methods: Seven immune markers were selected based on indicated associations to severe mental disorders (IL1Ra, sIL-2R, IL-18, sgp130, sTNFR-1, APRIL, ICAM-1) and measured ...

Natural hazards are often communicated visually using colours and maps. However, users' ability to read and understand these products may be hampered by e.g., colour vision deficiency, potentially rendering the products less effective or even counter effective. To study these effects, we conducted two web-based surveys and analysed how to improve visual communication of avalanches, floods, landslides, ...