Norge har forpliktet seg til Parisavtalen og FNs 17 bærekraftsmål. Dette inkluderer blant annet en forpliktelse til at landet skal klimatilpasses og blant Norges nasjonale miljømål finner en et politisk mål som stadfester dette. I forbindelse med miljødirektoratets presentasjon av Norges miljømål hevdes det at dersom samfunnet mislykkes i å tilpasses klimaendringene kan sårbarheten for endringene ...

Dataangrep er en økende trussel blant organisasjoner og virksomheter i Norge. Et ekstra element i dette er at trusselen er vanskelig å se og forstå for aktører som ikke er utdannet eller har kompetanse på det tekniske fagfeltet. Problemstillingen for denne studien tar for seg hva som er viktig for at offentlige organisasjoner skal kunne forstå og formidle omstendighetene under et dataangrep. Studien ...

We experimentally demonstrated an amorphous graphene-based metasurface yielding near-infrared super absorber characteristic. The structure is obtained by alternatively combining magnetron-sputtering deposition and graphene transfer coating fabrication techniques. The thickness constraint of the physical vapor–deposited amorphous metallic layer is unlocked and as a result, the as-fabricated graphene-based ...

Large national programs in the United States and several Asian countries have defined and characterised their marine methane hydrate occurrences in some detail, but European hydrate occurrence has received less attention. The European Union-funded project “Marine gas hydrate – an indigenous resource of natural gas for Europe” (MIGRATE) aimed to determine the European potential inventory of exploitable ...

The Barents Sea has experienced intense erosion throughout the Cenozoic due to uplift and repeated episodes of glaciation. This, in turn, has driven large pressure and temperature fluctuations in the sediment substrate along with rearrangement of thermogenic oil and gas accumulations. As a result, some hydrocarbon fields have relatively shallow depths, and natural gas release is widespread. This ...

Climate change is expected to alter the hydrological cycle in the Arctic, which would result in the increase in intensity and frequency of hydrological extreme events such as flooding. Noticeably, the changes in flooding due to climate change would severely affect human life, infrastructures, the environment, ecosystem, and socio-economic development in the impacted areas. Hydrological models are ...

The Paleoproterozoic Zaonega Formation in Karelia, NW Russia, has played a key role in understanding the environmental conditions postdating the Great Oxidation and Lomagundi-Jatuli Events. Its carbonate- and organic-rich rocks (shungite) define the postulated Shunga Event representing an accumulation of very organic-rich sediments at c. 2 Ga and are central in ideas about changing ocean-atmosphere ...

A negatively curved hyperbolic cone metric is called rigid if it is determined (up to isotopy) by the support of its Liouville current, and flexible otherwise. We provide a complete characterization of rigidity and flexibility, prove that rigidity is a generic property, and parameterize the associated deformation space for any flexible metric. As an application, we parameterize the space of ...

The Gouterman four-orbital model conceptualizes porphyrin UV−visible spectra as dominated by four frontier molecular orbitals-two nearly degenerate HOMOs and two exactly degenerate LUMOS under D_4h symmetry. These are well separated from all the other molecular orbitals, and normal spectra involve transitions among these MOs. Unusual spectra occur when additional orbitals appear in ...

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely applied in hyperspectral imagery (HSI) classification. However, their classification performance might be limited by the scarcity of labeled data to be used for training and validation. In this paper, we propose a novel lightweight shuffled group convolutional neural network (abbreviated as SG-CNN) to achieve efficient training with a limited ...