Show simple item record

dc.contributor.authorHestad, Knut A.
dc.contributor.authorEngedal, Knut
dc.contributor.authorWhist, Jon Elling
dc.contributor.authorAukrust, Pål
dc.contributor.authorFarup, Per Grønaas
dc.contributor.authorMollnes, Tom Eirik
dc.contributor.authorUeland, Thor
dc.date.accessioned2016-09-02T11:54:40Z
dc.date.available2016-09-02T11:54:40Z
dc.date.issued2016-04-13
dc.description.abstractINTRODUCTION: Several reports indicate that inflammation may play a role in depression and demonstrate enhanced systemic levels of inflammatory mediators. We hypothesized that 44 patients with a diagnosis of depression would present with a specific and different serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokine profile compared to 21 patients with diffuse neurological symptoms, of whom 15 had fatigue as a major symptom, but no change in emotional state. METHODS: The diagnoses of the patients with depression were according to the International Classification of Diseases, tenth edition (F32–34 spectra). Cytokine profiles in serum and CSF were determined by multiplex analysis, including 27 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. RESULTS: No differences could be found between the two groups studied regarding cytokine levels in serum or CSF except for serum interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist that was lower in the depression group. There were only four high correlations (>0.4) between serum and CSF levels of the cytokines, reflecting independent synthesis and turnover in these two compartments. In the control group, fatigue was associated with increased IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-10, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and interferon-γ (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Patients with depression had a similar cytokine profile as nondepressive patients, both systemically and in CSF. Fatigue was associated with higher levels of some inflammatory markers in the control group. It is possible that the presence of fatigue in a large proportion of patients and controls could contribute to the lack of difference in cytokine levels between these two groups.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipLillehammer University College and Innlandet Hospital Trusten_US
dc.descriptionPublisher's version, source: <a href=http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S101925 >http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S101925</a>.en_US
dc.identifier.citationNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 2016, 12:817-822en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1352651
dc.identifier.doi10.2147/NDT.S101925
dc.identifier.issn1176-6328
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/9645
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:no-uit_munin_9181
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherDove Medical Pressen_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccess
dc.subjectVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske, odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710::Medisinsk mikrobiologi: 715en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Nevrologi: 752en_US
dc.subjectdepressionen_US
dc.subjectcytokinesen_US
dc.subjectchemokinesen_US
dc.subjectinflammationen_US
dc.subjectfatigueen_US
dc.subjectserumen_US
dc.subjectCSFen_US
dc.subjectmultiplex analysisen_US
dc.titlePatients with depression display cytokine levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid similar to patients with diffuse neurological symptoms without a defined diagnosisen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


File(s) in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following collection(s)

Show simple item record