Small invertebrates (≤ 2 mm) are key members of the Arctic marine ecosystem, yet their trophic interactions have rarely been researched due to methodological challenges. In this thesis, a novel brute force approach to prey metabarcoding was developed and applied to characterize the trophic interactions of small pelagic copepods and benthic nematodes over four seasons in the Barents Sea and Nansen ...

Background: Pharmacy education is evolving with technological advances and changing student needs, incorporating digital tools alongside traditional methods. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models like ChatGPT, offers interactive learning and real-time feedback, shifting from passive to active learning. However, there is a notable lack of research-based evidence on ChatGPT’s ...

Background: Breast cancer is a significant public health challenge with diverse treatment outcomes. This underscores the need for better patient selection in clinical trials to improve representativeness and treatment efficacy. This thesis uses data from the Cancer Registry of Norway (CRN) to assess how modifications to eligibility criteria, as outlined in the PALOMA-II randomized controlled trial, ...

The increasing level of AMR require an increase in new antimicrobial drug candidates. By proving that bEVs are a suitable model for the bacterial membrane, it can be applied to the development of new drug candidates. Potentially making the development of new candidates more efficient and reducing cost. To further examine the potential of bEVs, we isolated bEVs from E. coli, a gram-negative bacteria. ...

Biofilm is an extracellular matrix that allows bacteria to attach themselves to surfaces and to each other. Biofilm formation among E. coli causes diseases, and the majority of urinary tract infections (UTI) are caused by biofilm producing E. coli. The biofilm layer among E. coli also play a role in bloodstream infections (BSI). Biofilms adhere to surfaces as indwelling medical devices and increase ...

This review examines the evolution and findings of Norway's offshore environmental monitoring (OEM) program over the past five decades. The program targets soft sediments, water column organisms, and deep-water epifauna across the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) to assess the impacts of offshore oil and gas activities. The program is required by Norwegian authorities and financed by oil and gas ...

The Southern Ocean (south of 30°S) contributes significantly to global ocean carbon uptake through the solubility, physical and biological pumps. Many studies have estimated carbon export to the deep ocean, but very few have attempted a basin-scale perspective, or accounted for the sea-ice zone (SIZ). In this study, we use an extensive array of BGC-Argo floats to improve previous estimates of carbon ...

Drums are among the most treasured items in a cultural museum context, and have been and still are sought after as a means of visualizing Indigenous religions and histories. This is indeed the case with the drum held by the Arctic University Museum of Norway in Romsa/Tromsø, which became a part of the museum's collection 28 March 1962 and has since served as a key symbol for the museum's dissemination ...

Plastic consumption is increasing, and millions of tonnes of plastic are released into the oceans every year. Plastic materials are accumulating in the marine environment, especially on the seafloor. The Arctic is contaminated with plastics, including microplastics (MPs, <5 mm) but occurrences, concentrations and fate are largely unknown. This study aimed at assessing whether MPs accumulate at greater ...

The Arctic cryosphere is the epicentre of acute global change impact, with abrupt warming and amplification driving rapid sea ice decline and irreversible glacial ice loss. A key challenge is understanding how the cryosphere meltdown will impact Arctic marine carbon cycles and ecosystems. Here, we use organic geochemical biomarkers to trace the contribution of different planktonic groups to organic ...