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norskInstitutt for farmasi: Recent submissions
Now showing items 401-420 of 690
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Amphipathic β2,2-Amino Acid Derivatives Suppress Infectivity and Disrupt the Intracellular Replication Cycle of Chlamydia Pneumoniae
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-09)We demonstrate in the current work that small cationic antimicrobial β2,2-amino acid derivatives (Mw < 500 Da) are highly potent against Chlamydia pneumoniae at clinical relevant concentrations (< 5 μM, i.e. < 3.4 μg/mL). C. pneumoniae is an atypical respiratory pathogen associated with frequent treatment failures and persistent infections. This gram-negative bacterium has a biphasic life cycle ... -
Understanding the binding of inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases by molecular docking, quantum mechanical calculations, molecular dynamics simulations, and a MMGBSA/MMBappl study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-01-14)Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) consist of a class of proteins required for normal tissue function. Their over expression is associated with many disease states and hence the interest in MMPs as drug targets. Almost all MMP inhibitors have been reported to fail in clinical trials due to lack of specificity. Zinc in the binding site of metalloproteinases performs essential biological functions ... -
Direct small RNA signatures in extracellular vesicles from breast cancer cell lines
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-31)Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and different subtypes of breast cancer show distinct cellular morphology, gene expression, metabolism, motility, proliferation, and metastatic potential. Understanding the molecular features responsible for this heterogeneity is important for correct diagnosis and better treatment strategies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their associated molecules ... -
Anti-angiogenic therapy affects the relationship between tumor vascular structure and function: a correlation study between micro-CT angiography and DCE-MRI
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-25)Purpose: To compare the effects of two anti-angiogenic drugs, bevacizumab and a cytosolic phospholipase A2-α inhibitor (AVX235), on the relationship between vascular structure and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI measurements in a patient-derived breast cancer xenograft model. Methods: Mice bearing MAS98.12 tumors were randomized into three groups: bevacizumab-treated (n=9), AVX235-treated ... -
Development and evaluation of a test program for Y-site compatibility testing of total parenteral nutrition and intravenous drugs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-22)Background: There is no standardized procedure or consensus to which tests should be performed to judge compatibility/ incompatibility of intravenous drugs. The purpose of this study was to establish and evaluate a test program of methods suitable for detection of physical incompatibility in Y-site administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and drugs. Methods: Eight frequently used methods ... -
Anti-vascular effects of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 inhibitor AVX235 in a patient-derived basal-like breast cancer model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-07)<b>Background</b> <br> Group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. It is overexpressed in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC), which is aggressive and usually triple-negative, making it unresponsive to current targeted therapies. Here, we evaluated the anti-angiogenic effects of a specific cPLA2α inhibitor, AVX235, in a patient-derived ... -
Efficient and scalable synthesis of α,α-disubstituted β-amino amides
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-07-12)A practical and efficient methodology for the preparation of 2-aminoethyl α,α-disubstituted β-amino amides in three steps from methyl cyanoacetate has been developed. The key step in the synthesis was the chemoselective reduction of the nitrile group in presence of an amide and aryl halide functionalities. Reduction with RANEY® Nickel catalyst, either with molecular hydrogen (8–10 bar) or under ... -
Investigations of immunogenic, allergenic and adjuvant properties of Cry1Ab protein after intragastric exposure in a food allergy model in mice
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-04)BACKGROUND In genetically modified (GM) crops there is a risk that the inserted genes may introduce new allergens and/or adjuvants into the food and feed chain. The MON810 maize, expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab toxin, is grown in many countries worldwide. In animal models, intranasal and intraperitoneal immunisations with the purified Cry1Ab proteins have induced immune responses, and feeding ... -
Low β2-adrenergic receptor level may promote development of castration resistant prostate cancer and altered steroid metabolism
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016)The underlying mechanisms responsible for the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in patients who have undergone androgen deprivation therapy are not fully understood. This is the first study to address whether β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2)- mediated signaling may affect CRPC progression in vivo. By immunohistochemical analyses, we observed that low levels of ADRB2 is associated ... -
Development of sample preparation methods for shotgun proteomic studies of white adipose tissue
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-13)Due to the lack of sunlight during the winter, people living in the arctic are unable to produce vitamin D3; hence deficiency of such vitamin is common in this part of the world. Given the geographic location of Norway, development of vitamin D deficiency is a common phenomenon. As vitamin D deficiency has become a public health issue, understanding the effects is vital for clinical implications. ... -
Utvikling og anvendelse av UPLC-MS baserte analyser av gentamicin i blodprøver
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-13)Gentamicin blir brukt i behandling av alvorlige infeksjoner hos barn og voksne. For å unngå alvorlige bivirkninger må behandlingen følges opp med plasmakonsentrasjonsmålinger. I dag måles serumkonsentrasjon med immunoassay basert metode som krever 200-500 μL blod. Formålet med prosjektet var å utvikle en LC-MS basert metode for analyse av gentamicin i små prøvevolum, samt etablere en metode som ... -
Karakterisering av legemiddelbruk, kvalitet av legemiddellister, symptom på biverknader og livskvalitet hos eldre pasientar. Ei pilotstudie gjennomført ved geriatrisk sengepost, Universitetssjukehuset Nord-Noreg
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-12)Bakgrunn og formål: Det skal gjennomførast ei randomisert kontrollert studie ved geriatrisk sengepost ved Universitetssjukehuset Nord-Norge med oppstart hausten 2016 kor en strukturert modell for å auke kvalitet av legemiddelbehandling skal testast ut. Det er behov for baseline data i forhold til legemiddelbruk i pasientpopulasjonen samt pilotering av nokre verktøy. Denne studia er utført på geriatrisk ... -
Hvilke dyrearter og legemidler til dyr bør apotekfarmasøyter i Norge inneha kunnskap om? En reseptregisterstudie i perioden 2004-2014
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-13). -
Antibakterielle midler til systemisk bruk til barn i aldersgruppen 0-5 år i Norge og Emilia-Romagna. En populasjonsbasert studie
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-12). -
Hvilken legemiddelinformasjon trenger hjertepasienter? Utvikling av legemiddelinformasjon basert på hva pasienter med hjerteinfarkt og hjertesvikt trenger – en kvalitativ oppgave
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-13)BAKGRUNN: Selv om det i dag eksisterer gode, evidensbaserte legemiddelbehandlinger for pasienter med hjertesvikt og hjerteinfarkt, er mortalitet og morbiditet fortsatt høy hos disse pasientene, både nasjonalt og globalt. Dette er det ulike årsaker til, men komplekse legemiddelregimer, bivirkninger og dårlig legemiddelinformasjon antas å påvirke etterlevelse av behandlingen. FORMÅL: Overordnet mål ... -
Modeling of glutamatergic and GABAergic drug targets in the CNS and their interactions with environmental toxicants
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-12)The exposure to pollutants is a serious and increasing health problem, which has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality among people. Many toxic compounds can accumulate in the environment and evidence suggests that most people have varying degrees of toxic compounds within their body. This can result in disruption of many physiological processes in the human body and the development ... -
Modelling of serotonergic receptors and molecular optimization of X-ray crystal structures of serotonin transporter and their interactions with exogenous compounds
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-12)The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptors and transporter are in the serotonergic neurotransmission system, and believed to have a major role in pathology of depression. They are of pharmacological importance, being targeted by many nowadays antidepressants. It is therefore of great interest to understand their structural and functional properties for development of future drugs. There ... -
Legemiddelbruk i sykehjem. Samsvar mellom diagnose, anvendelsesområde og legemiddelbruk
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-12)Bakgrunn Sykehjemspasienter lider ofte av multimorbiditet og bruker ofte flere legemidler samtidig. Dette gjør denne pasientgruppen mer utsatt for legemiddelinteraksjoner og mer utsatt for bivirkninger av legemidler. En av utfordringene i behandling av sykehjemspasienter har vært manglende dokumentasjon i forhold til diagnostikk og hva som har vært legemidlenes anvendelsesområde. Flere studier har ... -
Legemiddelbruk i sykehjem. Vurdering av potensiell uhensiktsmessig legemiddelbruk i henhold til NORGEP-NH
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-12)Bakgrunn Legemiddelbruk i sykehjem er omfattende. Polyfarmasi, aldring og sykdommer gjør at sykehjemspasienter er utsatt for interaksjoner og bivirkninger av legemidler. Riktig legemiddelbruk hos eldre er et satsningsområde for helsemyndighetene. For å oppnå riktig legemiddelbruk har ulike eksplisitte kriterier blitt utviklet for å identifisere problemer knyttet til legemiddelbruk hos generelle ... -
Use of anti-osteoporosis drugs in The Tromsø Study: Is undertreatment a problem?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-12)Background: Osteoporosis is a major health issue worldwide. Osteoporosis is characterized by the progressive decreasing in bone mass, microarchitecture decline of bone tissue, bone fragility and strength, which leads to an increase in risk of fracture. About a quarter of Norwegian women over 50 years of age were estimated to have the disease in 2010 and Norway has one of the highest reported incidence ...
