Introduction<p> <p>Thymine auxotrophic in vitro mutants of Escherichia coli were first reported in the mid-20th century. Later, thymine-dependent clinical strains of E. coli as well as other Enterobacterales, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus have been recognized as the cause of persistent and recurrent infections. <p>Objectives <p>The aim of this study was to characterize the ...

In-vitro screening for oral absorption has become an essential part of drug discovery and development. Recently, a new phospholipid vesicle-based permeation assay was developed which has shown to satisfyingly predict passive absorption of drugs in humans. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether the assay may be further developed into a high-throughput tool by automating its ...

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (ERK3) is a poorly characterized member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family. Functional analysis of the ERK3 signaling pathway has been hampered by a lack of knowledge about the substrates and downstream effectors of the kinase. Here, we used large-scale quantitative phosphoproteomics and targeted gene silencing to identify direct ERK3 substrates ...

<p><I>Objectives</I>: The main objective was to investigate Y-site compatibility of intravenous drugs with one standard total parenteral nutrition (TPN) admixture for preterm infants. Since micro-precipitation was observed in the water phase after addition of trace elements, the concentration effect on micro-precipitation formation developed as a sub-goal.</p> <p><I>Methods</I>: Seven drugs ...

It is difficult to understand plasmid maintenance in the absence of selection and theoretical models predict the conditions for plasmid persistence to be limited. Plasmid-associated fitness costs decrease bacterial competitivity, while imperfect partition allows the emergence of plasmid-free cells during cell division. Although plasmid conjugative transfer allows mobility into plasmid-free cells, ...

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugation (PEGylation) is a well-established strategy to improve the pharmacokinetic and biocompatibility properties of a wide variety of nanomedicines and therapeutic peptides and proteins. This broad use makes PEG an attractive ‘allround’ candidate marker for the biodistribution of such PEGylated compounds. This paper presents the development of a novel strategy for ...

Background One Health approaches to address the increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are gaining attention. However, data on the distribution and movement of bacteria and their AMR-associated genes between clinical and non-clinical sources are scarce, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. We aimed to analyse Klebsiella isolates from various sources in Ghana and ...

The use of dietary supplements (DS) is widespread and tends to increase with age and female gender. DS use can in some situations represent a safety risk for patients. For instance, concomitant use of medication and dietary supplements, particularly herbal remedies, may cause clinically significant pharmacological interactions. The study underlying this chapter aimed to investigate the prevalence ...

The aim of this work was to develop a new in vitro lipolysis-permeation model to predict the in vivo absorption of fenofibrate in self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDSs). More specifically, the in vitro intestinal lipolysis model was combined with the mucus-PVPA (Phospholipid Vesicle-based Permeation Assay) in vitro permeability model. Biosimilar mucus (BM) was added to the surface of ...

The minor capsid protein of human BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), VP2, and its N-terminally truncated form, VP3, are both important for viral entry. The closely related simian virus 40 (SV40) reportedly produces an additional truncated form of VP2/3, denoted VP4, apparently functioning as a viroporin promoting progeny release. The VP4 open reading frame is conserved in some polyomaviruses, including BKPyV. ...