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dc.contributor.authorAlakunle, Emmanuel
dc.contributor.authorMoens, Ugo
dc.contributor.authorNchinda, Godwin
dc.contributor.authorOkeke, Malachy Ifeanyi
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-24T14:03:59Z
dc.date.available2021-02-24T14:03:59Z
dc.date.issued2020-11-05
dc.description.abstractMonkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), which is a member of orthopoxvirus genus. The reemergence of MPXV in 2017 (at Bayelsa state) after 39 years of no reported case in Nigeria, and the export of travelers’ monkeypox (MPX) from Nigeria to other parts of the world, in 2018 and 2019, respectively, have raised concern that MPXV may have emerged to occupy the ecological and immunological niche vacated by smallpox virus. This review X-rays the current state of knowledge pertaining the infection biology, epidemiology, and evolution of MPXV in Nigeria and worldwide, especially with regard to the human, cellular, and viral factors that modulate the virus transmission dynamics, infection, and its maintenance in nature. This paper also elucidates the role of recombination, gene loss and gene gain in MPXV evolution, chronicles the role of signaling in MPXV infection, and reviews the current therapeutic options available for the treatment and prevention of MPX. Additionally, genome-wide phylogenetic analysis was undertaken, and we show that MPXV isolates from recent 2017 outbreak in Nigeria were monophyletic with the isolate exported to Israel from Nigeria but do not share the most recent common ancestor with isolates obtained from earlier outbreaks, in 1971 and 1978, respectively. Finally, the review highlighted gaps in knowledge particularly the non-identification of a definitive reservoir host animal for MPXV and proposed future research endeavors to address the unresolved questions.en_US
dc.identifier.citationAlakunle, Moens u, Nchinda, Okeke mi. Monkeypox Virus in Nigeria: Infection Biology, Epidemiology, and Evolution. Viruses. 2020;12(1257)en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1845469
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/v12111257
dc.identifier.issn1999-4915
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/20595
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.relation.journalViruses
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2020 The Author(s)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Communicable diseases: 776en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Infeksjonsmedisin: 776en_US
dc.titleMonkeypox Virus in Nigeria: Infection Biology, Epidemiology, and Evolutionen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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