English
norskInstitutt for medisinsk biologi: Recent submissions
Now showing items 401-420 of 1205
-
Merkel cell polyomavirus and non-Merkel cell carcinomas: Guilty or circumstantial evidence?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-28)Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is the major causative factor of the rare but aggressive cancer, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Two characteristics of MCPyV‐positive MCCs are integration of the viral genome and expression of a truncated version of one of its oncogenic proteins, namely large T antigen. The strong association of MCPyV with MCC development has incited researchers to further investigate ... -
Autoimmunity and SLE: Factual and Semantic Evidence-Based Critical Analyses of Definitions, Etiology, and Pathogenesis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-06)One cannot discuss anti-dsDNA antibodies and lupus nephritis without discussing the nature of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is insistently described as a prototype autoimmune syndrome, with anti-dsDNA antibodies as a central biomarker and a pathogenic factor. The two entities, “SLE” and “The Anti-dsDNA Antibody,” have been linked in previous and contemporary studies although serious criticism ... -
Evaluation Challenges in the validation of B7-H3 as oral tongue cancer prognosticator
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-21)B7-H3 was the only molecule identified with prognostic potential from a recent systematic review of the prognostic value of immune checkpoints in oral cancer. We aimed to validate this finding in a multicenter international cohort. We retrospectively retrieved 323 oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) samples from three different countries (Brazil, Finland, and Norway) for immunostaining and ... -
ATAD3 proteins in autophagy. Do ATAD3 proteins have a direct role in regulating autophagy
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-05-22)ATPase Family AAA Domain -containing protein 3 (ATAD3) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial transmembrane protein encompassing three isoforms; ATAD3A, ATAD3B and ATAD3C. ATAD3 is involved in several cellular process and available data predict that ATAD3A and ATAD3B proteins may have potential roles in regulating autophagy and mitophagy. Preliminary data from our research group identified interactions ... -
A study of TRIM32 self-ubiquitination
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-05-15)TRIMs (tripartite motif proteins) constitute a family of ubiquitin E3 ligases that are involved in a variety of cellular processes including autophagy and carcinogenesis. TRIM32 contains an N-terminal RING finger domain, B-box region, a coiled-coil domain and six NHL repeats in the C-terminal region, which are involved in protein dimerization and substrate recognitions. Various mutations in the NHL ... -
Exploration of rabbit integrin β3 as a possible immune-tolerizing agent to prevent foetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-08-07)Foetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a disease caused by the production of antibodies by the mother to the platelets of the foetus. The alloimmune response is caused by a P33L substitution in the Human Platelet Antigen-1a (HPA-1a) in a homo- or heterozygous HPA-1a foetus, in a homozygous HPA-1b+ mother. Maternal antibodies are produced by activated HPA-1a specific T-cells able ... -
Transcriptome and proteome profiling reveal complementary scavenger and immune features of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and liver macrophages
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-27)<i>Background</i> - Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and Kupffer cells (KCs; liver resident macrophages) form the body’s most effective scavenger cell system for the removal of harmful blood-borne substances, ranging from modified self-proteins to pathogens and xenobiotics. Controversies in the literature regarding the LSEC phenotype pose a challenge when determining distinct functionalities ... -
Arbeidsmiljø og helse i fiskeflåten - utfordringer og helsefremmende faktorer
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2018-03)Fiskere kan være eksponert for en rekke ugunstige arbeidsforhold og har høyere risiko for å bli utsatt for skader enn andre yrkesgrupper. Rapporten oppsummerer funn fra prosjektet "Working environment and health in the Norwegian fishing fleet – challenges and health promoting factors" hvor målet har vært å se på samspillet mellom arbeidsmiljø og helse for å bidra med ny kunnskap om både negative og ... -
Comparison of microbiomes in ulcerative and normal mucosa of recurrent aphthous stomatitis(RAS)-affected patients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-29)<i>Background</i> - Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common form of oral ulcerative disease, whose cause is still unknown. Researchers have found the association of many factors with the occurrence of RAS, and proposed oral bacterial infection could be a cause for this disease.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - To investigate whether the occurrence of RAS is associated with oral bacterial ... -
NORM/NORM-VET 2016 - Usage of Antimicrobial Agents and Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Norway
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2017)Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem worldwide. It reduces the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment of infectious diseases in humans and animals thereby leading to increased morbidity and mortality, as well as higher costs. It is well established that there is a strong association between the usage of antimicrobial agents and the occurrence of resistance, The selective pressure exerted ... -
Tumor budding score predicts lymph node status in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma and should be included in the pathology report
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-25)<i>Background</i> - The majority of oral cavity cancers arise in the oral tongue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor budding in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, both as a separate variable and in combination with depth of invasion. We also assessed the prognostic impact of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer’s TNM classification (TNM8), where ... -
The Marine Natural Product Mimic MHP88 Shows Anticancer Activity and has the Potential to Cause Immunogenic Cell Death
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2020-03)The marine natural product mimic MHP 88 is a novel synthetic molecule based on unique structures found in molecules from an arctic marine bryozoan. Initial studies showed that MHP88 kills cancer cells efficiently, but is not hemolytic. In this study, we look closer at the mode of death induced by MHP88 in oral cancer (HSC-3) and lymphoma (Ramos) cell lines. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a mode of ... -
Dynamic expression of VDR and 1-alpha-hydroxylase in differentiated and re-differentiated human articular chondrocytes
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2016-09)<p><i>Purpose:</i> The goal was to investigate potential roles played by vitamin D in the regulation of joint cartilage biology. We studied the expression of two central elements of vitamin D metabolism, namely the vitamin D receptor and its converting enzyme 1αhydroxylase in human knee cartilage and chondrocytes. <p><i>Methods and Materials:</i> Expression of receptor and enzyme was determined ... -
Reimagining Global Oncology Clinical Trials for the Postpandemic Era: A Call to Arms
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-08)The process of developing new anticancer therapeutics has been considered by some to be expensive, time consuming, bureaucratic, and, to some extent, inefficient. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected clinical oncology studies and underlined the need to embrace and accelerate long-pending and awaited reforms to cancer clinical trial methodology.<p><p> This ... -
The GABAB Receptor - Structure, Ligand Binding and Drug Development
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-07)The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type B receptor (GABA<sub>B</sub-R) belongs to class C of the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Together with the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor, the receptor mediates the neurotransmission of GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). In recent decades, the receptor has been extensively studied with the intention being to understand ... -
The role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, NO and H2S in ischaemia/reperfusion injury and cardioprotection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-08)Redox signalling in mitochondria plays an important role in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and in cardioprotection. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) modify cellular structures and functions by means of covalent changes in proteins including among others S‐nitros(yl)ation by nitric oxide (NO) and its derivatives, and S‐sulphydration by hydrogen sulphide (H<sub>2</sub>S). ... -
Horizontal plasmid transfer among klebsiella pneumoniae isolates is the key factor for dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamases among children in Tanzania
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-15)Increased knowledge about the role of horizontal gene transfer is key to improve our understanding of the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in human populations. We therefore studied the dissemination of the <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub> extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) gene in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolates obtained from stool samples from hospitalized children and healthy controls ... -
Chlorhexidine compounds in cosmetic products Risk assessment of antimicrobial and antibiotic resistance development in microorganisms
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2010-04-15)Chlorhexidine and its salts are reported as being used in cosmetics as an active ingredient to give the desired effect or as a preservative in concentrations of up to 0.3 %. Such products include mouthwashes, hair dying and bleaching formulations, shampoos, anti hair “aging” products and exfoliants, body lotions, eye creams, face cleansers, sun cream, after-sun lotions, ... -
Assessment of benefits and risks of probiotics in baby foods Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12.
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2010-05-14)The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) has appointed an ad hoc-group of experts to answer a request from the Norwegian Food Safety Authority regarding benefit and risk assessment of B. lactis Bb12 in baby foods focusing on the age groups 4-6 months, 6-12 months and 1-3 years. This assessment is based on the literature provided by the notifier as well as that found by a MEDLINE search. -
Risk assessment on use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG) as an ingredient in infant formula and baby foods (II)
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2007-06-15)On 10. March 2006 , The Norwegian Food Safety Authority (Mattilsynet) decided that, on the basis of VKM’s previous risk assessment (2005), Nutramigen 1 with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) could not be marketed in Norway as medical foods for infants (0-4 months). In addition, The Norwegian Food Safety Authority (Mattilsynet) decided (08. November ...
