Antibiotikaresistensen ökar kraftigt, och i dag pågår ett internationellt samarbete för att motverka detta. Antibiotikaförskrivningen i tandvården i de nordiska länderna är ur ett internationellt perspektiv låg. Det finns dock en del indikationer på att denna kan reduceras ytterligare.

Local immunotherapies such as the intratumoral injection of oncolytic compounds aim at reinstating and enhancing systemic anticancer immune responses. LTX-315 is a first-in-class, clinically evaluated oncolytic peptide-based local immunotherapy that meets these criteria. Here, we show that LTX-401, yet another oncolytic compound designed for local immunotherapy, depicts a similar safety profile and ...

Tissue factor (TF) is the most important trigger for the extrinsic coagulation pathway. TF, earlier denoted as thromboplastin, has always been a mystery since its discovery due to its abundant presence in most human tissues but not blood. The latter has been extensively studied in a vast quest for possible sources of blood-borne TF yielding many conflicting findings and confusing conclusions regarding ...

Maternal alloimmunization to paternally inherited antigens on fetal/neonatal platelets can cause fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) after antibody-mediated removal of platelets from the fetal circulation. The complications vary from mild bleeding symptoms to severe intracranial hemorrhage and subsequent neurological impairment or death. Studies on <i>in vivo</i> mechanisms are ...

The aim of this study was to identify microbial risk factors for treatment failure of pivmecillinam in community‐acquired urinary tract infections (ca‐UTIs) caused by ESBL‐producing Escherichia coli. Eighty‐nine ESBL‐producing E. coli isolated from women suffering from ca‐UTIs were included. The susceptibilities to mecillinam were determined using MIC gradient strip. Whole genome sequencing was ...

Obesity‐induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus can ultimately result in various complications, including diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this case, cardiac dysfunction is characterized by metabolic disturbances such as impaired glucose oxidation and an increased reliance on fatty acid (FA) oxidation. Mitochondrial dysfunction has often been associated with the altered metabolic function ...

The liver is constantly exposed to dietary antigens, viruses, and bacterial products with inflammatory potential. For decades cellular uptake of virus has been studied in connection with infection, while the few studies designed to look into clearance mechanisms focused mainly on the role of macrophages. In recent years, attention has been directed towards the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells ...

Inotropic support in ischemic acute heart failure (AHF) is controversial. We tested a therapeutic principle for AHF by combining a low dose of omecamtiv mecarbil (OM; 0.25 mg/kg bolus plus 0.25 mg/kg/h) with a low dose of dobutamine (Dobut; 1.25 µg/kg/min). In 10 pigs subjected to myocardial ischemia by left coronary microembolization, this cotreatment increased cardiac power (CP) from 0.48 ± 0.14 ...

The protein p62/Sequestosome 1 (p62) has been described as a selective autophagy receptor and independently as a platform for pro‐inflammatory and other intracellular signaling. How these seemingly disparate functional roles of p62 are coordinated has not been resolved. Here, we show that TAK1, a kinase involved in immune signaling, negatively regulates p62 action in autophagy. TAK1 reduces p62 ...

Selective autophagy relies on soluble or membrane-bound cargo receptors that recognize cargo and bring about autophagosome formation at the cargo. The cargo-bound receptors interact with lipidated ATG8 family proteins anchored in the membrane at the concave side of the forming autophagosome. The interaction is mediated by 15- to 20-amino-acid-long sequence motifs called LC3-interacting region (LIR) ...