Institutt for samfunnsmedisin: Nye registreringer

Viser treff 1601-1620 av 2044

    • Realist review: Current practice and future prospects 

      Berg, Rigmor; Nanavati, Julie (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-07-08)
      Realist review has emerged as a specific literature review approach that is concerned with explaining the outcomes of complex intervention programs. We undertook a systematic scoping review to examine the current practice of realist reviews. A systematic scoping review is a process of mapping the existing evidence base on a particular topic. We identified ...

    • Flavonoid and lignan intake and pancreatic cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition cohort 

      Molina-Montes, Esther; Sánchez, María-José; Zamora-Ros, Raul; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Wark, Petra A.; Obon-Santacana, Mireia; Kühn, Tilman; Katzke, Verena; Travis, Ruth C.; Ye, Weimin; Sund, Malin; Naccarati, Alessio; Mattiello, Amalia; Krogh, Vittorio; Martorana, Caterina; Masala, Giovanna; Amiano, Pilar; Huerta, José María; Barricarte, Aurelio; Quirós, José Ramón; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Åsli, Lene Angel; Skeie, Guri; Ericson, Ulrika; Sonestedt, Emily; Peeters, Petra H.; Romieu, Isabelle; Scalbert, Augustin; Overvad, Kim; Clemens, Matthias; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Peppa, Eleni; Vidalis, Pavlos; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nick; Olsen, Anja; Tjønneland, Anne; Boutroun-Rualt, Marie-Christine; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise; Cross, Amanda J.; Lu, Yunxia; Riboli, Elio; Duell, Eric J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-10)
      Despite the potential cancer preventive effects of flavonoids and lignans, their ability to reduce pancreatic cancer risk has not been demonstrated in epidemiological studies. Our aim was to examine the association between dietary intakes of flavonoids and lignans and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. A total of 865 exocrine ...

    • Trail Blazing or Jam Session? Towards a new Concept of Clinical Decision-Making 

      Risør, Torsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-17)
      Clinical decision-making (CDM) is key in learning to be a doctor as the defining activity in their clinical work. CDM is often portrayed in the literature as similar to ‘trail blazing’; the doctor as the core agent, clearing away obstacles on the path towards diagnosis and treatment. However, in a fieldwork of young doctors in Denmark, it was difficult connect their practice to this image. This ...

    • Physical activity and risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in a prospective cohort study 

      Gallo, Valentina; Vanacore, Nicola; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas; Vermeulen, Roel; Brayne, Carol; Pearce, Neil; Wark, Petra A; Ward, Heather A; Ferrari, Pietro; Jenab, Mazda; Andersen, Peter M; Wennberg, Patrik; Wareham, Nicholas; Katzke, Verena; Kaaks, Rudolf; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Peeters, Petra H; Mattiello, Amalia; Pala, Valeria; Barricante, Aurelio; Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores; Travier, Noemie; Travis, Ruth C; Sanchez, Maria-Jose; Pessah-Rasmussen, Helene; Petersson, Jesper; Tjønneland, Anne; Tumino, Rosario; Quiros, Jose Ramon; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Kyrozis, Andreas; Oikonomidou, Despoina; Masala, Giovanna; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Arriola, Larraitz; Boeing, Heiner; Vigl, Matthaeus; Claver-Chapelon, Francoise; Middleton, Lefkos; Riboli, Eilo; Vineis, Paolo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-11)
      Previous case–control studies have suggested a possible increased risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) with physical activity (PA), but this association has never been studied in prospective cohort studies. We therefore assessed the association between PA and risk of death from ALS in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. A total of 472,100 individuals were included ...

    • Effect of major lifestyle risk factors, independent and jointly, on life expectancy with and without cardiovascular disease: results from the Consortium on Health and Ageing Network of Cohorts in Europe and the United States (CHANCES) 

      O'Doherty, Mark G.; Cairns, Karen; O'Neill, Vikki; Lamrock, Felicity; Jørgensen, Torben; Brenner, Hermann; Schöttker, Ben; Wilsgaard, Tom; Siganos, Galatios; Kuulasmaa, Kari; Boffetta, Paolo; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Kee, Frank (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-01-18)
      Seldom have studies taken account of changes in lifestyle habits in the elderly, or investigated their impact on disease-free life expectancy (LE) and LE with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Using data on subjects aged 50+ years from three European cohorts (RCPH, ESTHER and Tromsø), we used multi-state Markov models to calculate the independent and joint effects of smoking, physical activity, obesity ...

    • Coffee consumption and the risk of cancer in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study 

      Lukic, Marko; Licaj, Idlir; Lund, Eiliv; Skeie, Guri; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Braaten, Tonje (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-24)
      An association between coffee consumption and cancer has long been investigated. Coffee consumption among Norwegian women is high, thus this is a favorable population in which to study the impact of coffee on cancer incidence. Information on coffee consumption was collected from 91,767 women at baseline in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study. These information were applied until follow-up information ...

    • Comparison of abdominal adiposity and overall obesity in relation to risk of small intestinal cancer in a European Prospective Cohort 

      Lu, Yunxia; Cross, Amanda J; Murphy, Neil; Freisling, Heinz; Travis, Ruth C; Ferrari, Pietro; Katzke, Verena A; Kaaks, Rudolf; Olsson, Åsa; Johansson, Ingegerd; Renström, Frida; Panico, Salvatore; Pala, Valeria; Palli, Domenico; Tumino, Rosario; Peeters, Petra H; Siersema, Peter D; Bueno-De-Mesquita, HB; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Klinaki, Eleni; Tsironis, Christos; Agudo, Antonio; Navarro, Camen; Sanchez, Maria-Jose; Barricarte, Aurelio; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Fagherazzi, Guy; Racine, Antoine; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Gunter, Marc J; Riboli, Eilo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-13)
      Background: The etiology of small intestinal cancer (SIC) is largely unknown, and there are very few epidemiological studies published to date. No studies have investigated abdominal adiposity in relation to SIC. <p>Methods: We investigated overall obesity and abdominal adiposity in relation to SIC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), a large prospective ...

    • Pre-diagnostic meat and fibre intakes in relation to colorectal cancer survival in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition 

      Ward, Heather A.; Norat, Teresa; Overvad, Kim; Dahm, Christina C.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Jenab, Mazda; Fedirko, Veronika; van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J.B.; Skeie, Guri; Romaguera-Bosch, Dora; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Carbonnel, Franck; Affret, Aurélie; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Katzke, Verena; Kühn, Tilman; Aleksandrova, Krassimira; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Lagiou, Pagona; Bamia, Christina; Palli, Domenico; Sieri, Sabina; Tumino, Rosario; Naccarati, Alessio; Mattiello, Amalia; Peeters, Petra H.M.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Åsli, Lene Angell; Jakszyn, Paula; Ramõn Quirõs, Jose; Sánchez, María-José; Dorronsoro, Miren; Huerta, José María; Barricarte, Aurelio; Jirström, Karin; Ericson, Ulrika; Johansson, Ingegerd; Gylling, Björn; Bradbury, Kathryn E.; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Stepien, Magdalena; Freisling, Heinz; Murphy, Neil; Cross, Amanda J.; Riboli, Elio (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-19)

    • Genome-wide DNA methylation in saliva and body size of adolescent girls 

      Rounge, Trine Ballestad; Page, Christian; Lepistö, Maija; Ellonen, Pekka; Andreassen, Bettina K; Weiderpass, Elisabete (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-20)
      Aim:<br>We performed an epigenome-wide association study within the Finnish Health in Teens cohort to identify differential DNA methylation and its association with BMI in adolescents.<br>Materials & methods:<br>Differential DNA methylation analyses of 3.1 million CpG sites were performed in saliva samples from 50 lean and 50 heavy adolescent girls by genome-wide targeted bisulfite-sequencing.<br> ...

    • Main nutrient patterns and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study 

      Moskal, Aurelie; Freisling, Heinz; Byrnes, Graham; Assi, Nada; Fahey, Michael T.; Jenab, Mazda; Ferrari, Pietro; Tjønneland, Anne; Petersen, Kristina E N; Dahm, Christina C; Hansen, Camilla Plambeck; Affret, Aurélie; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Cadeau, Claire; Kuhn, Tilman; Katzke, Verena; Iqbal, Khalid; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Bamia, Christina; Naska, Androniki; Masala, Giovanna; de Magistris, Maria Santucci; Sieri, Sabina; Tumino, Rosario; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Peeters, Petra H; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas H; Engeset, Dagrun; Licaj, Idlir; Skeie, Guri; Ardanaz, Eva; Buckland, Genevieve; Castaño, José María Huerta; Quirós, José R.; Amiano, Pilar; Molina-Portillo, Elena; Winkvist, Anna; Myte, Robin; Ericson, Ulrika; Sonestedt, Emily; Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Wareham, Nick; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Huybrechts, Inge; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K; Ward, Heather; Gunter, Marc J; Slimani, Nadia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-20)
      Background: Much of the current literature on diet–colorectal cancer (CRC) associations focused on studies of single foods/ nutrients, whereas less is known about nutrient patterns. We investigated the association between major nutrient patterns and CRC risk in participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. <p>Methods: Among 477 312 participants, ...

    • Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 

      Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.; Afshin, Ashkan; Alexander, Lily T.; Aasvang, Gunn Marit; Bjertness, Espen; Htet, Aung Soe; Savic, Miloje; Vollset, Stein Emil; Norheim, Ole Frithjof; Weiderpass, Elisabete (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-08)
      Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods We used the comparative risk assessment ...

    • Occupation and relative risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). A 45-year follow-up study in 4 Nordic countries 

      Alfonso, Jose Hernan; Martinsen, Jan Ivar; Pukkala, Eero; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Tryggvadottir, Laufey; Nordby, Karl-Christian; Kjærheim, Kristina (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09)
      Background The age-adjusted incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in the Nordic countries has increased during the last 60 years, and the identification of occupational variation in the relative risk of cSCC may have preventive implications. Objective We sought to describe variation in the relative risk of cSCC between occupational categories in Finland, Iceland, Norway, and ...

    • Adverse effects of non-hormonal pharmacological interventions in breast cancer survivors, suffering from hot flashes: A systematic review and meta-analysis 

      Stub, Trine; Hervik, Jill Brook (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-05)
      Purpose: To access frequency and severity of adverse effects (AE) of non-hormonal drugs (NHD) for hot flashes in breast cancer survivors compared to controls and analyze adverse-effect risk by reviewing published randomized trials. <p>Methods: Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and PubMed databases were searched. Trials were included where participants ...

    • A new diagnosis of asthma or COPD is linked to smoking cessation - The Tromsø study 

      Danielsen, Signe Elise; Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Medbø, Astri; Vold, Monica Linea; Melbye, Hasse (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-30)
      Background: Patients with COPD have had a lower tendency to quit smoking compared to patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). We wanted to investigate if this is still true in a Norwegian population. Methods: Our data came from the fifth and sixth Tromsø surveys, which took place in 2001–2002 and 2007–2008. The predictors of smoking cessation were evaluated in a cohort of 4,497 participants who ...

    • Disparities in length of life across developed countries: Measuring and decomposing changes over time within and between country groups 

      Timonin, Sergey; Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Jasilionis, Domantas; Grigoriev, Pavel; Jdanov, Dmitri A.; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-11)
      Background. Over the past half century the global tendency for improvements in longevity has been uneven across countries. This has resulted in widening of inter-country disparities in life expectancy. Moreover, the pattern of divergence appears to be driven in part by processes at the level of country groupings defined in geopolitical terms. A systematic quantitative analysis of this phenomenon has ...

    • Validity of self-reported out-of-school physical activity among finnish 11-year-old children 

      Määttä, Suvi; Nuutinen, Teija; Ray, Carola; Eriksson, Johan G.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Roos, Eva (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-02-08)
      Background: The aim of this study is to assess the repeatability and validity of the Finnish 11-year old children’s out-of-school physical activity (PA) questionnaire using accelerometer as reference method. A sub-sample of children (N = 155, 60 % participant rate) participating in the Finnish Health in Teens study was recruited in 2013. Children completed a questionnaire measuring PA two times, ...

    • International pooled study on diet and bladder cancer: The bladder cancer, epidemiology and nutritional determinants (BLEND) study: Design and baseline characteristics 

      Goossens, Maria E.; Isa, Fatima; Brinkman, Maree; Mak, David; Reulen, Raoul; Wesselius, Anke; Benhamou, Simone; Bosetti, Cristina; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Carta, Angela; Allam, Md Farouk; Golka, Klaus; Grant, Eric J.; Jiang, Xuejuan; Johnson, Kenneth C.; Karagas, Margaret R.; Kellen, Eliane; La Vecchia, Carlo; Lu, Chih-Ming; Marshall, James; Moysich, Kirsten; Pohlabeln, Hermann; Porru, Stefano; Steineck, Gunnar; Stern, Marianne C.; Tang, Li; Taylor, Jack A.; van den Brandt, Piet; Villeneuve, Paul J.; Wakai, Kenji; Weiderpass, Elisabete; White, Emily; Wolk, Alicja; Zhang, Zuo-Feng; Buntinx, Frank; Zeegers, Maurice P. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-07-06)
      Background: In 2012, more than 400,000 urinary bladder cancer cases occurred worldwide, making it the 7th most common type of cancer. Although many previous studies focused on the relationship between diet and bladder cancer, the evidence related to specific food items or nutrients that could be involved in the development of bladder cancer remains inconclusive. Dietary components can either be, ...

    • Characterization of heavy users of skin care products among Norwegian women from 2003 to 2011 

      Aniansson, Boel Maria; Veierød, Marit Bragelien; Rylander, Charlotta; Lund, Eiliv; Sandanger, Torkjel M (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-12-16)
      Background: Several ingredients in personal care products (PCPs) have been classified as endocrine disruptors (EDs) and concern has been raised whether use of PCPs can affect human health. We aimed to characterize Norwegian female users of skin care products and compare life style characteristics between heavy users and non-users. <p>Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 114 202 women ...

    • CHA2DS2-VASc score, left atrial size and atrial fibrillation as stroke risk factors in the Tromsø Study 

      Tiwari, Sweta; Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Jacobsen, Bjarne K.; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Nyrnes, Audhild; Njølstad, Inger; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Schirmer, Henrik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-01)
      Objective:<br> CHA2DS2-VASc score, left atrial (LA) size and atrial fibrillation (AF) have individually been associated with stroke risk. Our aim was to investigate the predictive ability of combinations of these factors for the odds of incident stroke in a population-based cohort study.<br> Methods:<br> We followed 2844 participants from the Tromsø Study from 1994 to 2012. Information on LA size ...

    • What is the problem with medically unexplained symptoms for GPs? A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies 

      Johansen, May-Lill; Risør, Mette Bech (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-21)
      Objective To gain a deeper understanding of challenges faced by GPs when managing patients with MUS. Methods We used meta-ethnography to synthesize qualitative studies on GPs’ perception and management of MUS. Results The problem with MUS for GPs is the epistemological incongruence between dominant disease models and the reality of meeting patients suffering from persistent illness. ...