Blar i tittel Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak)
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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for patients with Alzheimer’s Disease - Exploring the influence of different stimulation parameters on treatment success
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-10-20)The aim of this thesis was to explore the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a symptom modifying treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. tDCS is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique where weak direct current is delivered to the scalp, causing neuromodulation as it reaches the cortex. Even though promising, the results of clinicals studies have been mixed. This thesis explored ... -
Transcranial direct current stimulation: the effect on functional outcomes in the pain and motor domains
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-06-08)The physiological effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in the living human brain were verified experimentally in the early 2000's. A series of studies from Göttingen, Germany, shows that consistently, anodal stimulation lead to increased cortical excitability, while cathodal stimulation leads to increased cortical inhibition. Since then, the effect of tDCS has been further ... -
The transition to motherhood: Maternal well-being and mother-child bonding until four months postpartum. The role of mothers’ early maladaptive schemas, attachment style and the Newborn Behavioral Observation
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-09-21)In this thesis, it was investigated whether mothers` EMSs would predict maternal-fetal bonding quality during pregnancy (paper 1), whether attachment style would be associated with mother-infant bonding quality after birth (paper 2), and if these relations were mediated by symptoms of depression (paper 1) and parenting stress (paper 2). EMSs and anxious and avoidant attachment styles may be thought ... -
Trauma radiology in northern Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-08-27)<p><i>Background: </i>This thesis focuses on diagnostic imaging in potentially severely injured patients admitted to the University Hospital of North Norway. Imaging is important for timely initiation of treatment and survival after trauma. The use of standardized whole body computer tomography (SWBCT) is increasing. However, the ionizing radiation used may cause a small risk for induction of cancer ... -
Treatment and outcome of anal cancer in Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-06-13)Avhandlingen er basert på komplette nasjonale tall på behandlingsresultat fra pasienter som ble behandlet med kurativ radiokjemoterapi for anal cancer fra 2000-07. Langtidsoverlevere ble tilbudt deltagelse i en oppfølgingsstudie for kartlegging av uønskede seneffekter. Helserelatert livskvalitet (HRQOL), nevrotoksisitet og fekal inkontinens ble kartlagt ved bruk av spørreskjema og telefonintervju ... -
Treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes with PPARα agonists – effects on myocardial metabolism, gene expression and ventricular function
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2009-01-16)Hos diabetikere fører mangel på insulin og/eller nedsatt følsomhet for insulin i vevene til at konsentrasjonen av glukose og fettsyrer i blodet stiger til svært høye verdier. Det diabetiske hjertet kan bare i svært liten grad nyttiggjøre seg glukose, og energiproduksjonen tilpasses derfor forbrenning av fettsyrer. Opptaket av fettsyrer kan imidlertid bli høyere enn forbrenningen, slik at det over ... -
Treatment success with continuous positive airway pressure or mandibular advancement splints in non-severe obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized controlled clinical trial on sleep quality, health-related quality of life and clinical predictors of treatment success
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-04-04)Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a respiratory sleep-disorder characterized by repeated breathing cessations due to pharyngeal soft tissue collapse, leading to several medical disorders and possibly premature death. Two commonly used treatment alternatives for OSA are continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and mandibular advancement splints (MAS). The overall aim of this randomized clinical trial ... -
Trends for cognitive function and dementia in a general population; Risk factors, trajectories, and incidence
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-04-25)Med økende levealder er kognitiv sunn aldring viktig for et godt liv i alderdommen. Kognisjon hos unge voksne har økt det siste århundret, men det er få studier over tid på personer over 60 år. Risikofaktorer for kognitiv svikt og demens er identifisert, og en av de mest lovende beskyttende faktorer er fysisk aktivitet. Demensprevalensen er høyere i Norge enn sammenlignbare land, og longitudinelle ... -
Triggering mechanisms in the molecular pathogenesis of FXTAS
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-10-31)This study focuses on the triggering mechanisms leading to development of the neurodegenerative disorder Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). FXTAS affects carriers of a “premutation” in the Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene on the X chromosome. A premutation in this context, means the presence of 55-200 CGG repeats in the 5’untranslated region of the gene. Unaffected ... -
Triggers and risk factors of first and recurrent venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-01-29)Venous thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing both deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a major public health concern due to substantial morbidity and mortality. Around half of all VTE cases are hospital-related. Importantly, VTE also has life-long implications, as a large proportion of VTE-patients suffer either a recurrent event or chronic complications. The first aim of the thesis was to ... -
TRIM proteins in autophagy: A study of TRIM32 and TRIM27
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-02-02)<p>TRIM proteins are ubiquitin E3 ligases known to be involved in a number of different processes in the cells, such as intracellular signaling, transcription, autophagy, innate immunity, cell cycle progression and DNA repair. Mutations and dysregulation of TRIM proteins are implicated in many diseases, and a number of TRIMs are described as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Furthermore, several ... -
The Tromsø study : risk factors for non-vertebral fractures in a middle-aged population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 1999) -
Tuberculosis in HIV positive individuals - risk factors, diagnostic methods and follow-up in a low-endemic country
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-12-09)Tuberculosis (TB) is a diagnostic challenge in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Furthermore, HIV positive individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI) have the highest risk of progression to active TB. WHO initiatives to reduce the global burden of HIV/TB co-infections include better surveillance, improved diagnosis of TB in HIV patients and implementation of TB preventive ... -
Tumor hypoxia and hypoxic markers in non-small cell lung cancer
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-03-14) -
Understanding temporality in human concentrations of organic contaminants -Considering human concentrations over time and through life in perspective of historic production and use
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-06-25)Modern human lifestyle depends on a great number of synthetic chemicals and many designated as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). There are concerns for harmful health effects of POPs even for the background exposure experienced by the general population and especially for foetuses and children. The overarching aim of this thesis was to enhance our understanding of how human concentrations of ... -
Understanding the development of information literacy in higher education: Knowing, doing, and feeling
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-11-25)Information literacy (IL) is the ability to recognize when information is needed and to find, evaluate, and effectively use this information. The aim of this doctoral research was to study the development of IL in undergraduates over three years, including their knowledge, skills, and attitudes, and the relationships among the three. Mixed methods were employed to better understand the totality of ... -
Understanding the Neural and Behavioral Correlates of Mind Wandering Through Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-08-28)The mind’s tendency to wander is an integral part of the human experience. Recent studies suggest that high-level cognitive functions such as mind wan- dering (MW) can be modulated by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). However, the effectiveness of tDCS in the cognitive domain remains an issue of debate. This thesis aimed to ... -
Ungdom og snøscooterkjøring i Finnmark, Nord-Troms og på Svalbard : en studie av ungdoms forhold til snøscooterkjøring, risikotaking, ulykker og uhell med foreslåtte forebyggingsstrategier.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-12-11)Målet med prosjektet er å få frem aktørenes fokus for forebygging av ulykker og skader og å belyse hva de anser som helsefremmende med snøscooterkjøring. Gjennom fokusgruppe intervju med 30 jenter og 51 gutter om hvordan de ser på snøscooterkjøring, risiko, ulykker, og hva de gjør for å unngå uhell og ulykker, har vi fått innsikt i hva som bør være fokus i de forebyggende strategier som velges. ... -
Unguided Internet-based self-help for symptoms of depression : a translation project: From planning and establishing the efficacy to dissemination and cost-benefit evaluatio
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-09-30)Depresjon har relativt høy livstidsprevalens og kan være forbundet med betydelig funksjonshemming. Forebyggende tiltak kan redusere utvikling og forekomst av kronisk depresjon, de negative følgene av depresjon, tilbakefall og behovet for tid- og kostnadskrevende behandling. Evidensbasert psykologisk behandling som kognitiv atferdsterapi har vist seg å være effektiv behandling av depresjon. ... -
Unraveling nanoscale alterations in liver cell fenestrations - Morphological studies via optical super-resolution microscopy approaches
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-01-22)The endothelium makes up the innermost cell layer of blood vessels. It consists of a thin layer of simple squamous cells, forming an interface between circulating blood and the surrounding tissue. Endothelial cells of different vascular beds are specialized according to tissue-specific functions. For this project emphasis was placed upon high-resolution methods enabling the study of liver sinusoidal ...