Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak): Recent submissions
Now showing items 261-280 of 723
-
From policy to practice: Implementation of changes in law to support and protect children of ill parents
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-22)<p>Children of parents with serious forms of illness have shown to be vulnerable to developing a wide variety of psychosocial problems themselves. The research literature strongly indicates that preventive interventions may protect against well-documented transgenerational risk factors and strengthen the children’s resilience by promoting protective factors. Despite this knowledge, there is a gap ... -
Early markers of metabolic disease in obesity - A study of postprandial triglycerides, leptin and adiponectin interactions in the view of normal and dysregulated metabolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-12-06)Individuals in industrialized countries spend a substantial part of life in the non-fasting, postprandial state, which is also associated with increased oxidation and inflammation. Furthermore, a high body mass index (BMI) is the third cause of mortality in the world. In this PhD thesis, obese (BMI>30) individuals with and without metabolic disease (n=50) was included, in addition to a normal ... -
The self-management work of food hypersensitivity. A study using a population-based cross-sectional study design and qualitative interviews
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-01-16)Food hypersensitivity (FH) has received increased attention in recent years; however, little attention has been given to the self-management work of FH. The aim of the present thesis was to explore the characteristics of women with FH, the nature of the self-management work of FH, and what makes women with FH do the self-management work of FH. The thesis consists of quantitative and qualitative ... -
Development of osmotically active liposomes for nose-to-brain drug delivery
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-22)The brain as a drug target site remains a pharmaceutical challenge in spite of numerous efforts to enhance drug delivery to the brain. Nasal drug administration has gained interest among researchers, especially in the last decade, as it provides direct drug access into the brain. However, the nasal mucus and the surrounding environment often limit the use of nose as the administration site. Drug ... -
Development and evaluation of gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonists as SPECT radiotracers
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-05-24)The overall aim of the thesis was to evaluate the potential of gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R) antagonists as radiotracers for the early detection and understanding of Alzheimer`s disease (AD). The molecular imaging field is a symbiosis between organic chemistry, radiochemistry, in vitro biology, as well as preclinical- and clinical trials, therefore an evaluation should involve all ... -
Modeling remotely collected speech data: Applications for psychiatry
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-01-31)Detecting signs of disorder from listening to spoken words is a core method in psychiatry. Traditionally the interpretation of speech depends on inherently subjective processes. By contrast, digital technology can be leveraged to detect and analyze what words are spoken, timestamp when they are uttered and quantify the manner in which they are expressed. With the use of mobile communication technology, ... -
Practical health co-operation – a cluster randomised study. The impact of referral templates on quality of care and health care co-operation between primary and secondary care
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-12-17)The referral represents the handing over of care from the general practitioner to the hospital specialist. In this PhD project a study was performed to assess whether an improved referral could lead to improved quality of care. A cluster randomised trial with the general practitioner surgery as the clustering unit was performed. Fourteen surgeries in the area surrounding the University Hospital ... -
Novel Inflammatory Mediators in Neuroblastoma Tumorigenesis
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-09-20)<p>The tumor microenvironment is a dynamic, constantly evolving interplay between tumor cells, immune cells, endothelial and other stromal cells, and the extracellular matrix. Inflammation is an essential part of the immune system’s response against malignant growth but also a powerful pro-tumorigenic factor as cancer cells can hijack inflammatory mediators to support tumor growth. Neuroblastoma is ... -
The epidemiology of myocardial infarction. Trends in incidence, risk factors, severity, treatment and outcomes of myocardial infarction in a general population.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-07)Paper 1 and 2 were based on the Tromsø Study, a population-based, prospective cohort study with repeated screenings for cardiovascular risk factors and follow-up with regard to disease incidence and mortality. Paper 3 was based on a local registry of consecutively patients with presumed ST-elevation myocardial infarction who had been given prehospital thrombolytic therapy, and then admitted to the ... -
Ligand binding and dynamics of the GABAB receptor Venus flytrap domain
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-15)<p>The gamma-amino-butyric-acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) and exerts its physiological role by binding to the ionotropic GABA<sub>A</sub> and GABA<sub>C</sub> receptors and the metabotropic GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor (GABA<sub>B</sub>-R). The GABA<sub>B</sub>-R is an obligate heterodimer that belongs to class C of guanine-binding proteins ... -
Physiotherapy practice in reablement services. A qualitative study with observations and interviews
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-10)Reablement is a community-based health care service aiming to enable people with (or those at risk of) functional decline to stay independent in their own homes. The service entails short-term, goal-oriented interventions provided by an interprofessional team. Support personnel, referred to as home trainers (HTs), mainly conduct the treatment initiatives under supervision of professionals including ... -
Role of Mannose-Binding Lectin and Complement Activation in Venous Thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-12-17)The complement and coagulation systems are two interrelated plasma protein cascades. Evidence from observational and animal studies has proposed a role for the complement system in the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but the exact mechanisms remain obscure. The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether activation of the complement system impacts the risk of VTE and to investigate ... -
HIV-infection in children and adolescents in Zimbabwe: viral suppression, airway abnormalities and gut microbiota.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-12-10)Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region with the highest burden of HIV among both children and adults. Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved survival, yet data on long-term virological outcomes are scarce. In addition, recent evidence indicates that HIV-infected ART-treated children are at increased risk of lung impairment, and data on the pathological mechanisms involved are limited. ... -
Ectopic and normal maxillary canine eruption: maxillary incisor root resorption and interceptive treatment
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-25)Ektopisk erupsjon av overkjevens hjørnetenner berører 1-5 prosent av barn, og er en tilstand som kan føre til alvorlige skader på nabotenner samt omfattende tannbehandling. Det vitenskapelige grunnlaget for behandling av ektopiske hjørnetenner er begrenset. Målet med denne PhD-avhandlingen var å skaffe ny kunnskap om omfanget av rotresorpsjon på overkjevens fortenner, den vanligste bivirkningen, ... -
Utilization of community healthcare services and family caregivers’ needs for support. A survey of family caregivers for older, home-dwelling persons with dementia in Northern Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-21)In line with the current aging policies, the majority of older persons with dementia live in their own home. Although a range of community healthcare services is available to support home-dwelling persons with dementia, informal care provided by family caregivers constitutes a major portion of the care provided. This study contributes to knowledge regarding the use and nonuse of community healthcare ... -
Community Treatment Orders in an Assertive Community Treatment setting: a qualitative study of patients, care providers and responsible clinicians
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-01)This study is part of the national research-based evaluation of the 12 first assertive community treatment (ACT) teams in Norway. ACT is a model for multidisciplinary community-based treatment teams that aim to provide a full range of medical, psychosocial and rehabilitation services to people with severe mental illness. Over 30% of the patients treated in the ACT teams were subject to community ... -
Group-based and individualized physiotherapy for persons with multiple sclerosis - A qualitative observational and interview study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-11)Physiotherapy is a complex professional practice, particularly in the care for persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). Group-based organization of interventions is a common treatment approach in MS rehabilitation, regardless of limited knowledge on the nature of essential elements of such professional practices. This dissertation presents and discusses how actions and interactions affect opportunities ... -
Impact of Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Disease (COPD), respiratory symptoms and oxygen saturation on the risk of incident venous thromboembolism (VTE) and VTE-related mortality in a general population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-01)<p>Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a collective term for pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is described as a moderate risk factor for VTE, but the association has so far been scarcely examined. The aims of this thesis were to I) investigate the impact of COPD on the risk of incident VTE and the risk of mortality in COPD-patients with ... -
Cultural adaption of mental health services to the Sami. A qualitative study on the incorporation of Sami language and culture into mental health services
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-18)<p>The Sami people in Norway have a statutory right to receive equitable health services, adapted in accordance with Sami language and culture. However, limited research is available regarding the impact and of Sami culture and language within mental health services. <p><i>Aim - </i>The overall aim of the study was to explore, identify and describe the significance of culture and language in mental ... -
Ambiguity and professional accountability in physiotherapy practice. Acquired brain injury rehabilitation across health care levels
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-09-10)At the time of this study, the Norwegian health care system was in the middle of the implementation of the Coordination reform, initiated in 2012 due to insufficient coordination and an increase in health care service expenditure. Earlier hospital discharge and increased municipal responsibilities for rehabilitation following acquired brain injuries (ABI) challenge the traditional rehabilitation ...