Artikler, rapporter og annet (arktisk og marin biologi): Nye registreringer
Viser treff 461-480 av 1521
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Winters are changing: snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-18)Snow is an important driver of ecosystem processes in cold biomes. Snow accumulation determines ground temperature, light conditions and moisture availability during winter. It also affects the growing season’s start and end, and plant access to moisture and nutrients. Here, we review the current knowledge of the snow cover’s role for vegetation, plant-animal interactions, permafrost conditions, ... -
Gerald Lincoln: A man for all seasons
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-04)Gerald Anthony Lincoln died after a short illness on 15 July 2020 at the age of 75 years. Gerald was Emeritus Professor of Biological Timing at Edinburgh University and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He was an outstanding scientist and naturalist who was a seminal figure in developing our understanding of the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying seasonal rhythmicity. This review considers ... -
Marine artificial light at night: An empirical and technical guide
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-04)1. The increasing illumination of our world by artificial light at night (ALAN) has created a new field of global change research with impacts now being demonstrated across taxa, biological ranks and spatial scales. Following advances in terrestrial ecology, marine ALAN has become a rapidly growing research area attracting scientists from across all biomes. Technological limitations, complexities ... -
History of the Larsen C Ice Shelf reconstructed from sub–ice shelf and offshore sediments
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-28)Because ice shelves respond to climatic forcing over a range of time scales, from years to millennia, an understanding of their long-term history is critically needed for predicting their future evolution. We present the first detailed reconstruction of the Larsen C Ice Shelf (LCIS), eastern Antarctic Peninsula (AP), based on data from sediment cores recovered from below and in front of the ice ... -
Webcams as a Remote Tool for Eco-ethological Research: A Study on the Alpine Chough
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-02)Methods and devices specifically created for remote animal surveys and monitoring are becoming increasingly popular and effective. However, remote devices are also widely used in our societies for different, not scientific, goals. Ski resorts in the European Alps, for instance, use webcams to share panoramic views and promote themselves in the industry of winter recreational activities. We tested ... -
The Arctic Nearshore Turbidity Algorithm (ANTA) - A multi sensor turbidity algorithm for Arctic nearshore environments
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-15)The Arctic is greatly impacted by climate change. The increase in air temperature drives the thawing of permafrost and an increase in coastal erosion and river discharge. This leads to a greater input of sediment and organic matter into coastal waters, which substantially impacts the ecosystems by reducing light transmission through the water column and altering the biogeochemistry, but also the ... -
Year-round distribution of Northeast Atlantic seabird populations: applications for population management and marine spatial planning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021)Tracking data of marine predators are increasingly used in marine spatial management. We developed a spatial data set with estimates of the monthly distribution of 6 pelagic seabird species breeding in the Northeast Atlantic. The data set was based on year-round global location sensor (GLS) tracking data of 2356 adult seabirds from 2006−2019 from a network of seabird colonies, data describing the ... -
Assessing the Value of a Citizen Science Approach for Ctenophore Identification
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-19)During the era of biodiversity loss, a complete species census and understanding where the different species occur is of high priority. Even though this knowledge has increased tremendously, mainly with expanded use of integrated taxonomic identification, there are groups where our knowledge is very limited, both in terms of diversity and distribution. Ctenophores are such a group. Due to a lack of ... -
Long-distance particle transport to the central Ionian Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-14)Together with T –S properties, particle abundance in situ measurements are useful to discriminate water masses and derive circulation patterns. In the upper layers of the Ionian Sea, the fresher Atlantic Waters (AW) recently crossing the Sicily Channel meet the resident and saltier AW, which circulated cyclonically in the eastern basin and modified after evaporation and eventually cooling. In ... -
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Brucella Infection in Camels in the Puntland State of Somalia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-19)Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease caused by members of the genus Brucella. Camel brucellosis has been reported in almost all camel-rearing countries in Africa and Asia. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2020 and February 2021 in Galkayo, Garowe, and Bosaso districts in the Puntland State of Somalia to investigate the seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis in ... -
Documenting the absence of bovine brucellosis in dairy cattle herds in the southern region of Malawi and the associated knowledge, attitudes and practices of farmers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-09)There is paucity of Brucella prevalence data in Malawi. For this reason, a cross-sectional study was conducted, from 06 January 2020 to 27 February 2020, to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in dairy cattle herds amongst smallholder farmers, government and private dairy farms in the southern region. A total of 529 serum samples were screened for anti-Brucella antibodies using the Rose Bengal ... -
Brucellosis in wildlife in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-16)This study aimed to consolidate current knowledge of wildlife brucellosis in Africa and to analyse available predictors of infection. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Information on species, test used, test results, area, rainfall, livestock and wildlife contact and year of study were extracted. This systematic review revealed 42 ... -
Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Districts of Zambia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-03)Brucellosis is an infectious zoonosis that has huge economic and public health implications globally. The disease is prevalent in humans, livestock and wildlife in Sub-Saharan Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted between 6 May 2017 and 31 July 2020 during which 1712 sera from 175 cattle herds in five districts from Southern, Western and Eastern Provinces of Zambia were collected and screened ... -
Can bryophyte groups increase functional resolution in tundra ecosystems?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-30)The relative contribution of bryophytes to plant diversity, primary productivity, and ecosystem functioning increases towards colder climates. Bryophytes respond to environmental changes at the species level, but because bryophyte species are relatively difficult to identify, they are often lumped into one functional group. Consequently, bryophyte function remains poorly resolved. Here, we explore ... -
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-13)The Svalbard region faces drastic environmental changes, including sea-ice loss and “Atlantification” of Arctic waters, caused primarily by climate warming. These changes result in shifts in the sea-ice-associated (sympagic) community structure, with consequences for the sympagic food web and carbon cycling. To evaluate the role of sympagic biota as a source, sink, and transmitter of carbon, we ... -
Environmental effects on spatial population dynamics and synchrony – lessons from northern ecosystems
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-13)Environmental variation in time and space generates complex patterns in the spatial structure of temporally covarying populations. Accounting for spatial population structure is important for sustainable management and harvest, but there is a need for a better understanding of the many mechanisms affecting the spatial structure of populations. In the large-scale research project SUSTAIN, detailed ... -
Brucella Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors in Occupationally Exposed Humans in Selected Districts of Southern Province, Zambia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-17)Background: Brucellosis is a neglected debilitating zoonosis widely recognized as an occupational health hazard. The seroprevalence of human anti-Brucella antibodies in high-risk populations, as well as their risk factors, have not been well-documented in Zambia. This study aimed at estimating the Brucella seroprevalence in herdsmen and abattoir workers and assess the associated risk factors. Methods: ... -
Trait-based responses to cessation of nutrient enrichment in a tundra plant community
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-29)Plant communities worldwide show varied responses to nutrient enrichment—including shifts in species identity, decreased diversity, and changes in functional trait composition—but the factors determining community recovery after the cessation of nutrient addition remain uncertain. We manipulated nutrient levels in a tundra community for 6 years of nutrient addition followed by 8 years of recovery. ... -
Detecting climate signals in populations across life histories
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-20)Climate impacts are not always easily discerned in wild populations as detecting climate change signals in populations is challenged by stochastic noise associated with natural climate variability, variability in biotic and abiotic processes, and observation error in demographic rates. Detection of the impact of climate change on populations requires making a formal distinction between signals in ... -
Demographic consequences of harvesting: a case study from a small and isolated moose population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-13)Harvesting can have a substantial impact on population dynamics and individual performance in wild populations. While the direct consequences of harvest on individual survival and population growth rate are often apparent, harvesting can also have indirect and more subtle demographic consequences. Disentangling these consequences, however, requires in-depth knowledge of individual life histories of ...