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norskBlar i tittel Artikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin)
Viser treff 178-197 av 1393
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CHA2DS2-VASc score, left atrial size and atrial fibrillation as stroke risk factors in the Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-01)Objective:<br> CHA2DS2-VASc score, left atrial (LA) size and atrial fibrillation (AF) have individually been associated with stroke risk. Our aim was to investigate the predictive ability of combinations of these factors for the odds of incident stroke in a population-based cohort study.<br> Methods:<br> We followed 2844 participants from the Tromsø Study from 1994 to 2012. Information on LA size ... -
The challenge of dealing with non-AIDS comorbidities for people living with HIV: Perspectives and experiences of patients and healthcare providers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-13)As the cohort of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) ages, so does the spectrum and burden of non-AIDS define HIV-associated conditions (NARC). PLHIV are likely to need different and increased healthcare services. It requires health systems to adapt to this disease trend and conform to a chronic care model, which respects the distinct needs of the ageing population. In this article, we explore the ... -
Challenges and opportunities for general practice specific CME in Europe – a narrative review of seven countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-07)Background - Several changes have led to general practitioners (GPs) working in a more differentiated setting today and being supported by other health professions. As practice changes, primary care specific continuing medical education (CME) may also need to adapt. By comparing different primary care specific CME approaches for GPs across Europe, we aim at identifying challenges and opportunities ... -
Challenges in assessing the sunscreen-melanoma association
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-16)Whether sunscreen use affects melanoma risk has been widely studied with contradictory results. To answer this question we performed a systematic review of all published studies, accounting for sources of heterogeneity and bias. We searched for original articles investigating the sunscreen‐melanoma association in humans to February 28, 2018. We then used random‐effects meta‐analysis to combine ... -
Challenges with the interpretation of Sami ethnicity and the height differences in epidemiologic research comparing Sami and non-Sami population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-07)Ethnicity clusters individuals with shared characteristics and is a common variable in epidemiology. Often it is not specified what is meant by a given ethnicity or what characteristics ethnicity entails in the different contexts. In public health research, ethnicity can be viewed as a non-modifiable risk factor of disease because modifying the ethnic composition in a population is not meaningful, ... -
Change in potato consumption among Norwegian women 1998-2005—The Norwegian Women and Cancer study (NOWAC)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-09)Studies have shown that potato consumption in Norway have been on the decline in recent years. Increase in income and the association of potato consumption with weight gain and chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes have been identified as some of the factors responsible for the change. The aim of this study was to describe the change in potato consumption within persons and how non-dietary ... -
Change in prevalence and severity of metabolic syndrome in the Sami and non-Sami population in rural Northern Norway using a repeated cross-sectional population-based study design: the SAMINOR Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-14)<p><i>Objective - </i>To examine the change in both the prevalence and severity of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Sami and non-Sami in Northern Norway due to a lack of knowledge regarding the development of MetS in this population. <p><i>Design - </i>Repeated cross-sectional study. <p><i>Setting - </i>The study is based on data from the SAMINOR 1 Survey (2003–2004, n=6550) and the SAMINOR 2 ... -
Changed definition of disease and broader screening criteria had little impact on prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-26)Introduction - There are major controversies in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The present study evaluates the impact of the 2017 revised guidelines for GDM screening and a changed definition of GDM in Norway.<p> <p>Material and methods - We used a case-series design and included women with no pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus, who gave birth after gestational week 29 to a ... -
Changes in adiposity, physical activity, cardiometabolic risk factors, diet, physical capacity and well-being in inactive women and men aged 57-74 years with obesity and cardiovascular risk – A 6-month complex lifestyle intervention with 6-month follow-up
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-25)A key challenge in lifestyle interventions is long-term maintenance of favorable lifestyle changes. Middle-aged and older adults are important target groups. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate changes in adiposity, physical activity, cardiometabolic risk factors, diet, physical capacity, and well-being, in inactive middle-aged and older women and men with obesity and elevated cardiovascular ... -
Changes in body mass index and the prevalence of obesity during 1994–2008: repeated cross-sectional surveys and longitudinal analyses. The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-06-12)Objectives: To determine the mean body mass index (BMI, kg/m2 ) and prevalence of low weight (BMI<20) and obesity (BMI≥30) in 3 population-based surveys, and to describe the longitudinal changes during 1994– 2008 in mean BMI, and the prevalence of low weight and obesity. Setting: A population study in Tromsø, Norway. Participants: A total of 29 688 different participants in 1 or more of 3 ... -
Changes in body mass index and waist circumference and concurrent mortality among Swedish women
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01)Objective:<br>Most studies on obesity and mortality use a single anthropometric measure. Less is known about the effects of weight change on mortality. This study examined changes in body mass index (DBMI) and waist circumference (DWC) and subsequent all-cause and cause-specific mortal ity.<br>Methods:<br>The study was conducted in the Women’s Lifestyle and Health cohort, using self-reported ... -
Changes in cesarean section rates after introduction of a punitive financial policy in Georgia: A population-based registry study 2017-2019
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-19)Background<p> <p>There is little research on how financial incentives and penalties impact national cesarean section rates. In January 2018, Georgia introduced a national cesarean section reduction policy, which imposes a financial penalty on hospitals that do not meet their reduction targets. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of this policy on cesarean section rates, subgroups of ... -
Changes in conventional cardiovascular risk factors and the estimated 10-year risk of acute myocardial infarction or cerebral stroke in Sami and non-Sami populations in two population-based cross-sectional surveys: The SAMINOR Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-19)<p><i>Objective - </i>To describe changes in cardiovascular risk factors and in the estimated 10-year risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or cerebral stroke (CS) between SAMINOR 1 (2003–2004) and SAMINOR 2 (2012–2014), and explore if these changes differed between Sami and non-Sami. <p><i>Design - </i>Two cross-sectional surveys. <p><i>Setting - </i>Inhabitants of rural Northern Norway. < ... -
Changes in detection of birth defects and perinatal mortality after introduction of prenatal ultrasound screening in the Kola Peninsula (North-West Russia): combination of two birth registries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-11-23)Background: Prenatal diagnostics ultrasound was established in Russia in 2000 as a routine method of screening for birth defects. The aims of the current study were twofold: to assess changes in birth defects prevalence at birth and perinatal mortality after ultrasound screening was implemented and to estimate prenatal detection rates for congenital malformations in the city of Monchegorsk (Murmansk ... -
Changes in life expectancy and disease burden in Norway, 1990–2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-29)<p><b>Background</b> Geographical differences in health outcomes are reported in many countries. Norway has led an active policy aiming for regional balance since the 1970s. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019, we examined regional differences in development and current state of health across Norwegian counties. <p><b>Methods</b> Data for life expectancy, healthy ... -
Changes in maternal risk factors and their association with changes in cesarean sections in Norway between 1999 and 2016: A descriptive population-based registry study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-03)Background - Increases in the proportion of the population with increased likelihood of cesarean section (CS) have been postulated as a driving force behind the rise in CS rates worldwide. The aim of the study was to assess if changes in selected maternal risk factors for CS are associated with changes in CS births from 1999 to 2016 in Norway.<p> <p>Methods and findings - This national ... -
Changes in waist circumference and the prevalence of abdominal obesity during 1994-2008 - cross-sectional and longitudinal results from two surveys: the Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-21)<b>Background:</b> Abdominal obesity increases all-cause mortality and is a risk factor for a number of diseases. There are few population-based studies of the longitudinal changes of abdominal obesity.<br> <b>Methods:</b> Based on data from the Tromsø Study, we studied gender- and age-specific mean waist circumference and prevalence of abdominal overweight and abdominal obesity in two surveys ... -
Characteristics of urban neighbourhood environments and cognitive age in mid-age and older adults
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-12)In this cross-sectional study, we examined the extent to which features of the neighbourhood natural, built, and socio-economic environments were related to cognitive age in adults (N = 3418, Mage = 61 years) in Australia. Machine learning estimated an individual's cognitive age from assessments of processing speed, verbal memory, premorbid intelligence. A ’cognitive age gap’ was calculated by ... -
Characterization of heavy users of skin care products among Norwegian women from 2003 to 2011
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-12-16)Background: Several ingredients in personal care products (PCPs) have been classified as endocrine disruptors (EDs) and concern has been raised whether use of PCPs can affect human health. We aimed to characterize Norwegian female users of skin care products and compare life style characteristics between heavy users and non-users. <p>Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 114 202 women ... -
Characterization of Norwegian women eating wholegrain bread
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-25)To investigate dietary and non-dietary characteristics of wholegrain bread eaters in the Norwegian Women and Cancer study.<br>Cross-sectional study using an FFQ.<br>Women were divided into two groups according to wholegrain bread consumption.<br>Adult women (n 69 471).<br>Median daily consumption of standardized slices of wholegrain bread was 2·5 in the low intake group and 4·5 in the high intake ...
