Blar i tittel Artikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin)

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    • LIS1-leger og medisinsk usikkerhet – en kvalitativ studie 

      Ofstad, Eirik Hugaas; Asdal, Karoline; Nightingale, Bruno; Han, Paul K.; Gregersen, Trine Ammentorp; Gulbrandsen, Pål (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-29)
      BAKGRUNN - Hvordan norske leger håndterer medisinsk usikkerhet, er lite studert. Formålet med studien var å undersøke hvordan leger i spesialisering del 1 (LIS1-leger) opplever og håndterer usikkerhet i en klinisk hverdag.<p> <p>MATERIALE OG METODER - Ti LIS1-leger ved to sykehus ble rekruttert til intervjuer etter svarmønsteranalyse fra et kartleggende spørreskjema. Intervjuene ble analysert ...

    • Livets sluttfase - om å finne passende behandlingsnivå og behandlingsintensitet for alvorlig syke og døende 

      Skår, Åse; Juvet, Lene Kristine; Smedslund, Geir; Bahus, Marianne Klungland; Pedersen, Reidar; Fure, Brynjar (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2014-10)
      Etter en diskusjon i Nasjonalt råd for kvalitet og prioritering i helse- og omsorgstje-nesten i 2010, fikk Kunnskapssenteret i oppdrag å lage en rapport om tiltak som kan være til hjelp i beslutningsprosessene knyttet til begrensning av medisinsk behand-ling i livets sluttfase. Dette først og fremst med tanke på å begrense behandling av pasienter som egentlig ikke ønsker det eller har nytte av det, ...

    • Local In Time Statistics for detecting weak gene expression signals in blood – illustrated for prediction of metastases in breast cancer in the NOWAC Post-genome Cohort 

      Holden, Marit; Holden, Lars; Olsen, Karina Standahl; Lund, Eiliv (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-10)
      Background: Functional genomics in a processual analysis cover the time-dependent changes in transcriptomics and epigenetics before diagnosis of a disease, reflecting the changes in both life style and disease processes. The aim of this paper is to explore the dynamic, time-dependent mechanisms of the metastatic processes, using blood transcriptomics and including time in a continuous manner. For ...

    • Local management of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway: a longitudinal interview study of municipality chief medical officers 

      Heltveit-Olsen, Silje Rebekka; Lunde, Lene; Brænd, Anja Maria; Spehar, Ivan; Høye, Sigurd; Sundvall, Pär-Daniel; Skoglund, Ingmarie; Fossum, Guro Haugen; Straand, Jørund; Risør, Mette Bech (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-12)
      Objective - To explore the experiences and views of Norwegian Municipality Chief Medical Officers (MCMOs) on preparedness, collaboration, and organization during the COVID-19 pandemic to gain insight into local crisis management of value for future pandemic responses.<p> <p>Design - Longitudinal qualitative interview study. We conducted semi-structured digital interviews with nine MCMOs working ...

    • Long Term Association between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Mortality in a Cohort of 4379 Men 

      Meyer, Haakon E; Støer, Nathalie; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Blomhoff, Rune; Robsahm, Trude Eid; Brustad, Magritt; Giovannucci, Edward L; Bjørge, Tone (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-17)

    • Long-term blood pressure trajectories and incident atrial fibrillation in women and men: the Tromsø Study 

      Sharashova, Ekaterina; Wilsgaard, Tom; Ball, Jocasta; Morseth, Bente; Gerdts, Eva; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Schirmer, Henrik; Løchen, Maja-Lisa (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-03)
      Aims To explore sex-specific associations between long-term individual blood pressure (BP) patterns and risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population. Methods and results Blood pressure was measured in 8376 women and 7670 men who attended at least two of the three population-based Tromsø Study surveys conducted in 1986–87, 1994–95, and 2001. Participants were followed for ...

    • The long-term psychosocial consequences of screen-detected ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive breast cancer 

      Gram, Emma Grundtvig; Manso, Túlia Filipa Roberto; Heleno, Bruno; Siersma, Volkert; á Rogvi, Jessica; Brodersen, John (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-07)
      Objective - Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a risk factor for invasive breast cancer (IBC). The prognosis of DCIS is considerably better than for IBC, yet women do not distinguish between the threat. We aimed to compare the psychosocial consequences of screen-detected DCIS and IBC, and to examine this comparison over time.<p> <p>Methods - We surveyed a Danish mammography-screening cohort from ...

    • Long-term trends in blood pressure and hypertension in Russia: an analysis of data from 14 health surveys conducted in 1975–2017 

      Churilova, Elena; Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Shalnova, Svetlana A.; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Malyutina, Sofia; Nilssen, Odd-Ragnar; Laatikainen, Tiina; Leon, David A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-07)
      Background - Hypertension is recognized as an important contributor to high cardiovascular mortality in Russia. A comprehensive analysis of data from Russian studies that measured blood pressure in population-based samples has not been previously undertaken. This study aims to identify trends and patterns in mean blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in Russia over the most recent ...

    • Long-term weight change and risk of breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study 

      Ellingjord-Dale, Merete; Christakoudi, Sofia; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Panico, Salvatore; Dossus, Laure; Olsen, Anja; Tjønneland, Anne; Kaaks, Rudolf; Schulze, Matthias B.; Masala, Giovanna; Gram, Inger Torhild; Skeie, Guri; Rosendahl, Ann H.; Sund, Malin; Key, Tim; Ferrari, Pietro; Gunter, Marc; Heath, Alicia K; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K; Riboli, Eilo; Sánchez, Maria-Jose; Lopez, Maria-Dolores Chirlaque; Peppa, Eleni; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Martimianaki, Georgia; Agudo, Antonio; Santiuste, Carmen; Ardanaz, Eva; Amiano, Pilar; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Chiristine; Simeon, Vittorio; Berrino, Franco; Tumino, Rosario; Severi, Gianluca; Stocks, Tanja; Turzanski-Fortner, Renée; Rylander, Charlotta; Aune, Dagfinn; Dahm, Christina Catherine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-23)
      Background: The role of obesity and weight change in breast-cancer development is complex and incompletely understood. We investigated long-term weight change and breast-cancer risk by body mass index (BMI) at age 20 years, menopausal status, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and hormone-receptor status.<p><p> Methods: Using data on weight collected at three different time points from women ...

    • Longitudinal and secular trends in total cholesterol levels and impact of lipid-lowering drug use among Norwegian women and men born in 1905–1977 in the population-based Tromsø Study 1979–2016 

      Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Bønaa, Kaare; Eggen, Anne Elise; Grimsgaard, Sameline; Jacobsen, Bjarne K.; Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Njølstad, Inger; Wilsgaard, Tom (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-21)
      Objectives: <br> Elevated blood cholesterol is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol level surveillance is necessary to study population disease burden, consider priorities for prevention and intervention and understand the effect of diet, lifestyle and treatment. Previous studies show a cholesterol decline in recent decades but lack data to follow individuals born ...

    • Longitudinal changes in body composition and waist circumference by self-reported levels of physical activity in leisure among adolescents: the Tromsø Study, Fit Futures 

      Aars, Nils Abel; Jacobsen, Bjarne Koster; Morseth, Bente; Emaus, Nina; Grimsgaard, Sameline (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-17)
      <p><i>Background - </i>It is not clear how physical activity affects body composition in adolescents. Physical activity levels are often reduced during this period, and the relative proportion of body fat mass and lean mass undergo natural changes in growing adolescents. We aimed to examine whether self-reported physical activity in leisure time at baseline or change in activity during follow-up ...

    • Longitudinal changes in concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (1986–2016) and their associations with type 2 diabetes mellitus 

      Charles, Dolley; Berg, Vivian; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Bergdahl, Ingvar A.; Huber, Sandra; Ayotte, Pierre; Wilsgaard, Tom; Averina, Maria; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Rylander, Charlotta (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-28)
      Background: Positive associations have been reported between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, causality has not been established. Over the last decades, environmental exposure to legacy POPs has decreased, complicating epidemiological studies. In addition, physiological risk factors for T2DM may also influence POP concentrations, contributing to ...

    • Longitudinal changes in desired body weight compared to changes in body weight: evidence of adaptation to weight gain? 

      Aars, Nils Abel; Jacobsen, Bjarne K. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-21)
      <b>Background: </b>Overweight individuals desire a lower weight than they actually have. Little is known on the extent to which this discrepancy is reduced over time due to adaptation or resignation. The aim of this study is to describe cross-sectional relationships and longitudinal changes in desired body weight and differences between actual and desired body weight according to gender, age and ...

    • Loss of life years due to unavailable helicopter emergency medical service: a single base study from a rural area of Norway 

      Zakariassen, Erik; Østerås, Øyvind; Nystøyl, Dag Ståle; Breidablik, Hans Johan; Solheim, Eivind; Brattebø, Guttorm; Ellensen, Vegard Skalstad; Hoff, Jana Midelfart; Hordnes, Knut; Aksnes, Arne; Heltne, Jon-Kenneth; Hunskaar, Steinar; Hotvedt, Ragnar (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-29)
      <i>Background</i>: Despite the potential benefits of physician-staffed Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS), many dispatches to primary HEMS missions in Norway are cancelled before patient encounter. Information is sparse regarding the health consequences when medically indicated HEMS missions are cancelled and the patients are treated by a GP and ambulance staff only. We aimed to estimate ...

    • Lost in digitization – A systematic review about the diagnostic test accuracy of digital pathology solutions 

      Kusta, Olsi; Rift, Charlotte Vestrup; Risør, Torsten; Santoni-Rugiu, Eric; Brodersen, John (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-06)
      Introduction Digital pathology solutions are increasingly implemented for primary diagnostics in departments of pathology around the world. This has sparked a growing engagement on validation studies to evaluate the diagnostic performance of whole slide imaging (WSI) regarding safety, reliability, and accuracy. The aim of this review was to evaluate the performance of digital pathology for diagnostic ...

    • Low carbohydrate-high protein diet and incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Swedish women: prospective cohort study 

      Lagiou, Pagona; Sandin, Sven; Löf, Marie; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Adami, Hans-Olov; Weiderpass, Elisabete (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012-06-26)
      Objective To study the long term consequences of low carbohydrate diets, generally characterised by concomitant increases in protein intake, on cardiovascular health.<p> <p>Design Prospective cohort study. <p>Setting Uppsala, Sweden. <p>Participants From a random population sample, 43 396 Swedish women, aged 30-49 years at baseline, completed an extensive dietary questionnaire and were ...

    • Low concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in air at Cape Verde 

      Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Halse, Anne Karine; Schlabach, Martin; Bäcklund, Are; Eckhardt, Sabine; Breivik, Knut (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-01)
      Ambient air is a core medium for monitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the Stockholm Convention and is used in studies of global transports of POPs and their atmospheric sources and source regions. Still, data based on active air sampling remain scarce in many regions. The primary objectives of this study were to (i) monitor concentrations of selected POPs in air outside West ...

    • Lung cancer risk discrimination of prediagnostic proteomics measurements compared with existing prediction tools 

      Feng, Xiaoshuang; Wu, Wendy Yi-Ying; Onwuka, Justina Ucheojor; Haider, Zahra; Alcala, Karine; Smith-Byrne, Karl; Zahed, Hana; Guida, Florence; Wang, Renwei; Bassett, Julie K.; Stevens, Victoria; Wang, Ying; Weinstein, Stephanie; Freedman, Neal D.; Chen, Chu; Tinker, Lesley; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Koh, Woon-Puay; Muller, David; Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M.; Tumino, Rosario; Hung, Rayjean J.; Amos, Christopher I.; Lin, Xihong; Zhang, Xuehong; Arslan, Alan A.; Sánchez, Maria-Jose; Sørgjerd, Elin Pettersen; Severi, Gianluca; Hveem, Kristian; Brennan, Paul; Langhammer, Arnulf; Milne, Roger L.; Yuan, Jian-Min; Melin, Beatrice; Johansson, Mikael; Robbins, Hilary A.; Johansson, Mattias (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-01)
      Background: We sought to develop a proteomics-based risk model for lung cancer and evaluate its risk-discriminatory performance in comparison with a smoking-based risk model (PLCOm2012) and a commercially available autoantibody biomarker test.<p><p>Methods: We designed a case-control study nested in 6 prospective cohorts, including 624 lung cancer participants who donated blood samples at most 3 ...

    • Lung cancers attributable to environmental tobacco smoke and air pollution in non-smokers in different European countries : a prospective study 

      Lund, Eiliv; Vineis, Paolo; Hoek, Gerald; Krzyzanowski, Michal; Vigna-Taglianti, Federica; Veglia, Fabrizio; Airoldi, Luisa; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole; Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise; Linseisen, Jacob; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Palli, Domenico; Krogh, Vittorio; Tumino, Rosario; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Peeters, Petra H.; Agudo, Antonio; Martinez, Carmen; Dorronsoro, Miren; Barricarte, Aurelio; Cirera, Lluis; Quiros, J Ramon; Berglund, Gøran; Manjer, Jonas; Forsberg, Bertil; Day, Nicholas E.; Key, Tim J.; Kaaks, Rudolf; Saracci, Rodolfo; Riboli, Elio (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2007-02-15)
      Background: Several countries are discussing new legislation on the ban of smoking in public places, and on the acceptable levels of traffic-related air pollutants. It is therefore useful to estimate the burden of disease associated with indoor and outdoor air pollution. Methods: We have estimated exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) and to air pollution in never smokers and ex-smokers ...

    • Lung function and prevalence of respiratory symptoms in Norwegian crab processing workers 

      Thomassen, Marte Renate; Aasmoe, Lisbeth; Bang, Berit E.; Braaten, Tonje (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-20)
      Background: Seafood processing workers have an increased risk of developing occupational asthma. This has not been studied among Norwegian crab processing workers, nor has the respiratory health of exposed workers been compared to a control group. <br>Objectives: Assessing the impact of working in the crab processing industry on workers ’ respiratory health. <br>Design: A cross-sectional study ...