Browsing Mastergradsoppgaver i folkehelsevitenskap by Title
Now showing items 135-154 of 187
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Prevalence and cause of Dyspnea in a general population: The Tromsø study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-09-29)Background: Dyspnea is a prevalent condition causing reduced quality of life increasingly by age. The main causes are heart failure (HF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with less common conditions being ischemic dyspnea, heart disease, atrial fibrillation, asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis. The aim of study was to determine causes of dyspnea in a general population through examination ... -
The prevalence and determinants of Polypharmacy in middle-aged population of two Russian cities.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-11-30)Introduction: Polypharmacy has been a global threat these days and raised a question about its determinants. Differences in socioeconomic conditions, comorbid conditions, healthcare services use of individuals were expected to be related to Polypharmacy. Populations with cardiovascular diseases are more likely to be on multiple medications. However, no studies investigated the effects of socioeconomic ... -
The prevalence and factors associated with decreased oxygen saturation in a GP population of adults. A comparative study in Northwest Russia and Northern Norway
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-30)Objective: To explore the prevalence and contributing factors of lower oxygen saturation in Northern Norway and Northwest Russia. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study included 3833 respondents from Northwest Russia (3215) and Northern Norway (618). All men and women aged 40 years or more, visiting general practitioners´ (GPs) offices were the subjects. A structured questionnaire, a digital ... -
Prevalence and predictors of fatigue among people living with HIV in Northern and Southern Norway. From the cross-sectional study of mental health and quality of life among people living with HIV in Northern and Southern Norway, 2014-2015
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-05-30)Fatigue is described as a sensation of tiredness and exhaustion that potentially interferes with daily life functioning, and is a common symptom in people living with HIV (PLWH). This study aim is to investigate the prevalence and the predictors of fatigue among PLWH in Northern and Southern Norway. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at two hospitals in 2014-2015. Fatigue was measured with the ... -
Prevalence and predictors of macrosomia newborn : Northern-Norwegian mother-and-child study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-08-01)BACKGROUND The prevalence of macrosomia newborn has increased in Norway over the last few decades. In Norway, there is ample evidence that macrosomia is associated with elevated risk of complications both for the mother and the newborn. It is also evident that being born macrosomic is associated with future health risks. OBJECTIVE The Study was aimed to understand the prevalence and predictors of ... -
The prevalence and tracking of overweight and obesity in a cohort of youths. Natural development of body mass index from childhood to adolescence. A sub study of the Fit Futures cohort.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-01)Objectives: The purpose of this master project was to: obtain height and weight data at three measuring points (2-4 years of age, preschool age and adolescence) in a Norwegian cohort of youths, to estimate prevalence rates of weight classes, describe the natural development of body mass index (BMI) from childhood to adolescence, and to investigate to what extent tracking of overweight and obesity ... -
Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among pregnant women in Georgia
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-05-31)The WHO currently considers maternal anemia global public health concern, and one of the most common complications during pregnancy. Symptoms range from weakness and fatigue, to serious cardiac complications. Maternal anemia also poses a risk to the infant, as it can increase the likelihood of preterm birth and low birth weight babies, among additional concerns. Past research is primarily focused ... -
Prevalence, risk factors and traditional treatments of genital prolapse in Manma, Kalikot district, Nepal : a community based population study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-08)Background: Nepal is a small developing country sandwiched between India and China. Majority (Approximately 80 %) of the people still depend on the traditional medicine for their primary health care. According to World health organization (WHO), reproductive and sexual ill-health accounts for 33 % of the total disease burden in women globally. The global prevalence of genital prolapse (GP) is estimated ... -
Prioritering i spesialisthelsetjenesten : målsetninger, virkemidler og effekter.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2010-06-14)Prioriteringsarbeidet har pågått i Norge i ca 30 år. Helsegapet, diskrepansen mellom hva som er medisinsk / teknologisk mulig og hva som er økonomisk mulig tilsier at behovet for tydeligere prioriteringer øker. Lik tilgang til helsetjenesten ved like behov, utjevning av sosiale forskjeller i helse og mest mulig helse for pengene er sentrale målsetninger for helsetjenesten. Disse har delvis motstridende ... -
Progression and management of Prediabetes by socioeconomic status and health care consumption. The Tromsø Study 2007-2016
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-06-12)Background: Socioeconomic status and healthcare consumption are considered predictors of diabetes development and quality of blood glucose management. However, studies on the association between socioeconomic status and healthcare consumption in people with prediabetes and these outcomes are scarce. Objective: To examine the relationship between the development of diabetes in people with prediabetes ... -
Public health challenges facing malaria elimination in developing countries. A review of expert opinions
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-09-12)Background: Malaria is Primarily a vector-borne disease caused by the protozoan Plasmodium. Protozoa Plasmodium is unicellular eukaryote parasites. These parasites are mostly transmitted to people through the bites of an infected Anopheles mosquito, called “malaria vectors.” Studies have shown that Malaria occurs mostly in the tropical and the subtropical regions of the world. The prevalent of ... -
Rehabilitering og folkehelsearbeid : samhandling med effekt?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2010-06)Rehabiliteringsopphold ved Valnesfjord helsesportssenter har i en periode vært organisert som kommunegrupper, med pasienter fra FYSAK-kommuner. Denne organiseringen har innbefattet tettere oppfølging av pasientene både fra helsesportssenterets og kommunens side. Hensikten med undersøkelsen har vært å kunne si noe om denne typen opphold med påfølgende tilbud fra FYSAK-apparatet gir effekt på fysisk ... -
Relationship of Body Mass Index to Cancer Incidence in Young and Middle Aged Men and Women followed over 24 years: The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-07-29)Background: Obesity remains a serious but preventable challenge of our time, and it has been linked to many comorbidities. This study uses body mass index (BMI) as a measure of obesity to investigate the relationship between low and high BMI and total cancer incidence, as well as some common specific cancers. These relationships were explored in relatively young subjects who may lose more life years ... -
Robot-assisted versus conventional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy - a systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-30)The primary aim of the thesis is to compare effectiveness and safety of robot-assisted radical prostatectomies (RALRP) and conventional laparoscopic radical prostatectomies (LRP) using evidence based analyses. The secondary aim is to assess the current level of implementation of robotic surgical systems in prostate cancer treatment in Norwegian hospitals. Method A systematic review of studies that ... -
Røyking og snusbruk blant ungdomsskoleelever i Troms fylke. Sosial påvirkning og helserelatert atferd.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2009-06-15)Bakgrunn: Forekomsten av daglig røyking blant ungdomsskoleelever er kraftig redusert de siste årene, mens daglig snusbruk har økt noe. Kunnskap om hva som kjennetegner unge tobakksbrukere og hva som er assosiert med de forskjellige tobakksformene er derfor nyttig for fremtidige forebyggende strategier. Materiale og metode: I årsskiftet 2000/2001 fikk 4837 elever utlevert et spørreskjema om ... -
Samhandling mellom spesialisthelsetjenesten og kommunehelsetjenesten i Nord Norge : en undersøkelse av forholdet mellom faglig forsvarlighet og svikt i behandlingen av eldre med hjerneslag
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-01)Etter å ha gjennomført tilsynet med UNN HF Harstad og UNN HF Tromsø samt Tromsø- og Harstad kommune er oppfatningen at pasientene som får hjerneslag blir godt ivaretatt i overgangen mellom tjenestenivåene i Troms. Og informasjonsflyten mellom tjenestenivåene er systematisert slik at viktig pasientinformasjon følger med pasienten ved utskrivning. Som der igjennom sikrer en forsvarlig behandling og ... -
Sammenheng mellom anemi og fall blant hjemmeboende kvinner og menn 65 år og eldre: Den femte Tromsøundersøkelsen 2001-2002. En replikasjonsstudie.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-07)Falls among elderly is associated with major health costs as well as adverse outcomes for the person falling. The reasons for falls needs to be clarified in order to be able to prevent. Previous studies have shown anemia to be associated with increased risk of falling, but the results are not consistent. In this study the association of anemia and falls is investigated, but no association is found, ... -
Saturated fatty acid intakes and the risk of myocardial infarction in women. A prospective cohort study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-23)Some recent researches about relationships between dietary fat and the risk of cardiovascular disease revealed contrasting results with the lipid hypothesis. The primary object of this study was to explore the risk of non-fatal (self-reported) myocardial infarction in relation to saturated fat consumption. We used food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to measure saturated fat intake -
A second chance in life. A comparison between Chile and Norway: to what extent is there a possibility for work or study for people who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-08-01)Objectives: This research aims to identify strategies that have been carried out and strategies needed, for the vocational integration of people specifically with diagnosis of schizophrenia. Comparison between the two countries Chile and Norway was performed to assess this subject. Methods: A literature search was carried out. Results: In both countries there are few studies on this issue and high ... -
Self-assessment of the outcome of first trimester medical abortion compared to routine clinic follow-up: A systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)Background: Home self-administration of misoprostol for medical abortion has been suggested as safe, efficient, feasible and acceptable. However, it remains inaccessible for many women especially in low-resource settings. Administration of misoprostol at home and self-assessment by urine pregnancy tests (UPTs) to confirm complete termination of pregnancy with follow-up by home visits or telephone ...