Institutt for medisinsk biologi: Recent submissions

Now showing items 421-440 of 1200

    • Merkel Cell Polyomavirus and Merkel Cell Carcinoma 

      Pietropaolo, Valeria; Prezioso, Carla; Moens, Ugo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-03)
      Viruses are the cause of approximately 15% of all human cancers. Both RNA and DNA human tumor viruses have been identified, with Merkel cell polyomavirus being the most recent one to be linked to cancer. This virus is associated with about 80% of Merkel cell carcinomas, a rare, but aggressive cutaneous malignancy. Despite its name, the cells of origin of this tumor may not be Merkel cells. This ...

    • Leukemia Stem Cell Release From the Stem Cell Niche to Treat Acute Myeloid Leukemia 

      Villatoro, Alicia; Konieczny, Joanna; Cuminetti, Vincent; Arranz, Lorena (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-09)
      Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous, complex, and deadly disease, whose treatment has hardly evolved for decades and grounds on the use of intensive chemotherapy regimens. Chemotherapy helps reduce AML bulk, but promotes relapse in the long-run by selection of chemoresistant leukemia stem cells (LSC). These may diversify and result in progression to more aggressive forms of AML. <i>In ...

    • A combined histo-score based on tumor differentiation and lymphocytic infiltrate is a robust prognostic marker for mobile tongue cancer 

      Bjerkli, Inger-Heidi; Hadler-Olsen, Elin Synnøve; Nginamau, Elisabeth Sivy; Laurvik, Helene; Søland, Tine Merete; Costea, Daniela Elena; Uhlin-Hansen, Lars; Steigen, Sonja Eriksson (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-30)
      We wanted to evaluate the prognostic value of common histopathological variables in a large cohort of patients with cancer in the mobile tongue as such information can be important for treatment stratification of the individual patient, especially for patients with low-stage disease. In addition, we wanted to investigate whether an alternative scoring model with fewer options would compromise the ...

    • Nephronectin promotes breast cancer brain metastatic colonization via its integrin-binding domains 

      Norvoll Magnussen, Synnøve; Toraskar, Jimita Prashant; Wilhelm, Imola; Hasko, Janos; Figenschau, Stine; Molnar, Judit; Seppola, Marit; Steigen, Sonja Eriksson; Steigedal, Tonje S.; Hadler-Olsen, Elin Synnøve; Krizbai, Istvan; Svineng, Gunbjørg (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-22)
      This study demonstrates a role for the extracellular matrix protein nephronectin (NPNT) in promoting experimental breast cancer brain metastasis, possibly through enhanced binding to- and migration through brain endothelial cells. With the introduction of more targeted breast cancer treatments, a prolonged survival has resulted during the last decade. Consequently, an increased number of patients ...

    • Dekontaminering av pattedyrslakt ved bruk av damp eller varmt vann. Uttalelse fra Faggruppe for hygiene og smittestoffer i Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet 

      Nesbakken, Truls; Christensen, Hardy; Skjerve, Eystein; Nygård, Karin Maria; Yazdankhah, Siamak Pour; Lunestad, Bjørn Tore; Kapperud, Georg; Lassen, Jørgen Fr; Robertson, Lucy; Olsvik, Ørjan; Tranulis, Michael A.; Tryland, Morten; Rimstad, Espen (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2010-04-15)
      Mattilsynet har gitt VKM i oppgave å foreta en risikovurdering når det gjelder ”dekontaminering av pattedyrslakt ved bruk av varmt vann eller damp”. Da det er en bestemtdekontamineringsteknologi Mattilsynet ønsker utredet, velger faggruppen å bruke den mer presise betegnelsen ”overflatepasteurisering av slakt” som er i tråd med uttrykk og definisjoner som forskere innenfor dette området har benyttet ...

    • Risk assessment of import and dissemination of intestinal pathogenic bacteria via fresh herbs and leafy vegetables from South-East Asia. Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards 

      Lassen, Jørgen Fredrik; Johannessen, Gro Skøien; Høiby, Ernst Arne; Kapperud, Georg; Lunestad, Bjørn Tore; Nesbakken, Truls; Nygård, Karin Maria; Olsvik, Ørjan; Robertson, Lucy Jane; Tranulis, Michael A.; Tryland, Morten; Rimstad, Espen (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2008-06)
      Several studies have demonstrated that fresh herbs and green or leafy vegetables can be contaminated by intestinal pathogenic bacteria such as <i>Salmonella</i> spp. Although systematic surveys are probably not conducted in any countries some places, in recent years the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) has received approximately 30 alerts annually on the detection of potentially pathogenic ...

    • Intestinal fungi are causally implicated in microbiome assembly and immune development in mice 

      van Tilburg Bernardes, Erik; Pettersen, Veronika Kucharova; W. Gutierrez, Mackenzie; Isabelle, Laforest-Lapointe; Marie-Claire, Arrieta (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-22)
      The gut microbiome consists of a multi-kingdom microbial community. Whilst the role of bacteria as causal contributors governing host physiological development is well established, the role of fungi remains to be determined. Here, we use germ-free mice colonized with defined species of bacteria, fungi, or both to differentiate the causal role of fungi on microbiome assembly, immune development, ...

    • Stroma-induced phenotypic plasticity offers phenotype-specific targeting to improve melanoma treatment 

      Seip, Kotryna; Jørgensen, Kjetil Nordbø; Haselager, Marco Vincent; Albrecht, Marco; Haugen, Mads Haugland; Egeland, Eivind Valen; Lucarelli, Philippe; Engebråten, Olav; Sauter, Thomas; Mælandsmo, Gunhild Mari; Prasmickaite, Lina (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-18)
      Cancer cells' phenotypic plasticity, promoted by stromal cells, contributes to intra-tumoral heterogeneity and affects response to therapy. We have disclosed an association between fibroblast-stimulated phenotype switching and resistance to the clinically used BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) vemurafenib in malignant melanoma, revealing a challenge in targeting the fibroblast-induced phenotype. Here we compared ...

    • Molecularly matched therapy in the context of sensitivity, resistance, and safety; patient outcomes in end-stage cancer - the MetAction study 

      Ree, Anne Hansen; Nygaard, Vigdis; Pedersen, Kjetil Boye; Heinrich, Daniel; Dueland, Svein; Bergheim, Inger Riise; Johansen, Christin; Beiske, Klaus; Negård, Anne; Lund-Iversen, Marius; Nygaard, Vegard; Hovig, Eivind; Nakken, Sigve; Nasser, Salah; Julsrud, Lars; Reisse, Claudius; Ruud, Espen Asak; Kristensen, Vessela N.; Flørenes, Vivi Ann; Geitvik, Gry; Lingjærde, Ole Christian; Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise; Russnes, Hege Elisabeth Giercksky; Mælandsmo, Gunhild Mari; Flatmark, Kjersti (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-25)
      <i>Background</i>: In precision cancer medicine, the challenge is to prioritize DNA driver events, account for resistance markers, and procure sufficient information for treatment that maintains patient safety. The MetAction project, exploring how tumor molecular vulnerabilities predict therapy response, first established the required workflow for DNA sequencing and data interpretation (2014–2015). ...

    • Epidemiological and molecular characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage strains in pre-school children in Arkhangelsk, northern European Russia, prior to the introduction of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines 

      Jensen, V. Vorobieva S.; Furberg, Anne-Sofie; Slotved, Hans-Christian; Bazhukova, Tatiana; Haldorsen, Bjørg; Caugant, Dominique A.; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Valentiner-Branth, Palle; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-15)
      <p><i>Background - </i>The 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-13) was introduced in the National Immunization Programme (NIP) schedule in Russia in March 2014. Previously, the 7-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-7) was marketed in Russia in 2009 but has never been offered for mass vaccination. A carriage study was performed among children in Arkhangelsk in 2006. The objective was ...

    • Targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress with MitoQ reduces NET formation and kidney disease in lupus-prone MRL-lpr mice 

      Fortner, KA; Blanco, Luz P.; Buskiewicz, I; Huang, N; Gibson, PC; Cook, DL; Pedersen, Hege Lynum; Yuen, PST; Murphy, MP; Perl, A; Kaplan, Mariana J.; Budd, RC (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-16)
      <i>Objectives</i> - Recent investigations in humans and mouse models with lupus have revealed evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction and production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) in T cells and neutrophils. This can provoke numerous cellular changes including oxidation of nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and even induction of cell death. We have previously observed that in T cells ...

    • Promoter activity of Merkel cell Polyomavirus variants in human dermal fibroblasts and a Merkel cell carcinoma cell line. 

      Abdulsalam, Ibrahim Afolabi; Rasheed, Kashif; Sveinbjørnsson, Baldur; Ehlers, Bernhard; Moens, Ugo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-19)
      <p><i>Background - </i>Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is a human polyomavirus that establishes a life-long harmless infection in most individuals, with dermal fibroblasts believed to be the natural host cell. However, this virus is the major cause of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an aggressive skin cancer. Several MCPyV variants with polymorphism in their promoter region have been isolated, but it ...

    • Consensus guidelines for the definition, detection and interpretation of immunogenic cell death 

      Galluzzi, Lorenzo; Vitale, Ilio; Warren, Sarah; Adjemian, Sandy; Agostinis, Patrizia; Martinez, Aitziber Burque; Chan, Timothy A.; Coukos, George; Demaria, Sandra; Deutsch, Eric; Draganov, Dobrin; Edelson, Richard L; Formenti, Silvia C.; Fucikova, Jitka; Gabriele, Lucia; Gaipl, Udo S.; Gameiro, Sofia R.; Garg, Abhishek D.; Golden, Encouse; Han, Jian; Harrington, Kevin J.; Hemminki, Akseli; Hodge, James W.; Hossain, Dewan Md Sakib; Illidge, Tim; Karin, Michael; Kaufman, Howard L.; Kepp, Oliver; Kroemer, Guido; Lasarte, Juan Jose; Loi, Sherene; Lotze, Michael T.; Manic, Gwenola; Merghoub, Taha; Melcher, Alan A.; Mossman, Karen L.; Prosper, Felipe; Rekdal, Øystein; Rescigno, Maria; Riganti, Chiara; Sistigu, Antonella; Smyth, Mark J.; Spisek, Radek; Stagg, John; Strauss, Bryan E.; Tang, Daolin; Tatsuno, Kazuki; van Gool, Stefaan W.; Vandenabeele, Peter; Yamazaki, Takahiro; Zamarin, Dmitriy; Zitvogel, Laurence; Cesano, Alessandra; Marincola, Francesco M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-09)
      Cells succumbing to stress via regulated cell death (RCD) can initiate an adaptive immune response associated with immunological memory, provided they display sufficient antigenicity and adjuvanticity. Moreover, multiple intracellular and microenvironmental features determine the propensity of RCD to drive adaptive immunity. Here, we provide an updated operational definition of immunogenic cell death ...

    • The expression of the long NEAT1_2 isoform is associated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancers 

      Knutsen, Erik; Lellahi, Seyed Mohammad; Aure, Miriam Ragle; Nord, Silje; Fismen, Silje; Larsen, Kenneth Bowitz; Tellez Gabriel, Marta; Hedberg, Annica; Bjørklund, Sunniva; Bofin, Anna M.; Mælandsmo, Gunhild Mari; Sørlie, Therese; Mortensen, Elin Synnøve; Perander, Maria (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-28)
      The long non-coding RNA <i>NEAT1</i> locus is transcribed into two overlapping isoforms, <i>NEAT1_1</i> and <i>NEAT1_2</i>, of which the latter is essential for the assembly of nuclear paraspeckles. <i>NEAT1</i> is abnormally expressed in a wide variety of human cancers. Emerging evidence suggests that the two isoforms have distinct functions in gene expression regulation, and recently it was shown ...

    • Molecular interaction studies of initial electrostatic attraction between trypsin and the human PAR-2 receptor 

      Kristoffersen, Tonje Håtveit (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-01-16)
      Workers in livestock and fish cultivation are at increased risk of occupational airway damage caused by proteases. Proteases, such as trypsin, activate PAR-2 which in turn triggers an inflammatory response, potentially causing airway damage over time. There has been some speculation that PAR-2 receptors easier attract trypsin form species where this enzyme has a more negative electrostatic charge. ...

    • Structural basis of p62/SQSTM1 helical filaments and their role in cellular cargo uptake 

      Jakobi, Arjen J.; Huber, Stefan T.; Mortensen, Simon A.; Schultz, Sebastian; Palara, Anthimi; Kuhm, Tanja; Shrestha, Birendra Kumar; Lamark, Trond; Hagen, Wim J.H.; Wilmanns, Matthias; Johansen, Terje; Brech, Andreas; Sachse, Carsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-23)
      p62/SQSTM1 is an autophagy receptor and signaling adaptor with an N-terminal PB1 domain that forms the scaffold of phase-separated p62 bodies in the cell. The molecular determinants that govern PB1 domain filament formation in vitro remain to be determined and the role of p62 filaments inside the cell is currently unclear. We here determine four high-resolution cryo-EM structures of different human ...

    • Role of Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Development of Multidrug Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae 

      Hegstad, Kristin; Mylvaganam, Haima; Janice, Jessin; Josefsen, Ellen H.; Sivertsen, Audun; Skaare, Dagfinn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-29)
      <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> colonizes the respiratory tract in humans and causes both invasive and noninvasive infections. Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in <i>H. influenzae</i> is rare in Europe. In this study, we defined acquired resistance gene loci and <i>ftsI</i> mutations in multidrug-resistant (MDR) and/or PBP3-mediated beta-lactam-resistant (rPBP3) <i>H. influenzae</i> ...

    • Loss of S100A14 expression at the tumor-invading front correlates with poor differentiation and worse prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma 

      Pandey, Sushma; Osman, Tarig Al-Hadi; Sharma, Sunita; Vallenari, Evan Michael; Shahdafar, Aboulghassem; Pun, Chin B.; Gautam, Dej K.; Uhlin-Hansen, Lars; Rikardsen, Oddveig G; Johannessen, Anne Christine; Costea, Daniela Elena; Sapkota, Dipak (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-23)
      <i>Background</i> - We previously showed a tumor‐suppressive function of S100A14 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to examine the prognostic significance and differentiation‐related function of S100A14 in OSCC.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - S100A14 expression was examined in 170 OSCCs from Norwegian and Nepalese populations using immunohistochemistry. Pro‐differentiation function ...

    • Serum levels of inflammation-related markers and metabolites predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with and without bevacizumab in breast cancers 

      Nome, Marianne Eikhom; Euceda, Leslie R.; Jabeen, Shakila; Debik, Julia; Bathen, Tone Frost; Giskeødegård, Guro F.; Tasken, Kristin Austlid; Mælandsmo, Gunhild Mari; Halvorsen, Bente; Yndestad, Arne; Borgen, Elin; Garred, Øystein; Aukrust, Pål; Ueland, Thor; Engebraaten, Olav; Kristensen, Vessela N.; Tekpli, Xavier (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-24)
      Angiogenesis is necessary for tumor growth and has been targeted in breast cancer; however, it is unclear which patients will respond and benefit from antiangiogenic therapy. We report noninvasive monitoring of patient response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy given alone or in combination with anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (bevacizumab) in a randomized clinical trial. At four time points during ...

    • Regulation of urokinase receptor (uPAR) cleavage by cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in oral cancer 

      Kitaw, Manyahilishal Etana (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)
      Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the frequently diagnosed type of oral cancers and is a leading cause of cancer associated mortality and morbidity worldwide. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts that are found in association with cancer cells. CAFs are the most abundant stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the TME, cell interactions mediated ...