Aims - We aimed to study initiation, adherence, and long-term persistence to beta-blockers (BB), renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) in a nationwide cohort of patients with heart failure (HF).<p> <p>Methods - Patients aged 18–80 years in Norway with a first diagnosis of HF from 2014 until 2020 that survived ≥30 days were identified from the ...

Introduction Adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations has positive effects on cancer outcomes yet adherence is low among cancer survivors. Differences in adherence between women and men, phase of survivorship, and other factors that might increase adherence, like the use of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM), need to be explored. We aimed to study the adherence to national recommendations ...

<p><i>Background</i>: High adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index has been associated with better health outcomes, but the results have not been consistent. The association between high adherence and higher intake of energy and healthy and less healthy foods has been persistent across countries, highlighting the need to examine potential confounding by energy intake.</p> <p><i>Objective</i>: ...

<i>Background</i> - Even though in situ breast cancer (BCIS) accounts for a large proportion of the breast cancers diagnosed, few studies have investigated potential risk factors for BCIS. Their results suggest that some established risk factors for invasive breast cancer have a similar impact on BCIS risk, but large population-based studies on lifestyle factors and BCIS risk are lacking. Thus, ...

<i>Background</i> - We aimed to investigate the potential causal associations of adiposity with asthma overall, asthma by atopic status or by levels of symptom control in a large adult population and stratified by sex. We also investigated the potential for reverse causation between asthma and risk of adiposity.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - We performed a bidirectional one-sample Mendelian randomisation ...

This thesis uses data recorded in Norwegian governmental health registers, as well as data collected in a nationwide school survey carried out in Norway, to study risk factors for suicide and factors associated with the use of health services following self-harm in adolescents. Paper I examined suicide in a population of half a million men with physician-diagnosed minor or major mental health ...

Alcohol-related harm has gained increased attention in high-income countries (HICs) in recent years which, alongside government regulation, has effected a reduction in alcohol consumption. The alcohol industry has turned its attention to low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) markets as a new source of growth and profit, prompting increased consumption in LMICS. Alcohol use in LMICs is also ...

Background and objective: Andrographis paniculata (AP) is a traditionally used herbaceous plant, whose main active constituent is andrographolide. Andrographolide derivative medications and herbal preparations of AP are often used to treat respiratory tract infections. This study aims to systematically evaluate the safety of andrographolide derivative medications and herbal preparations of AP ...

Purpose: To access frequency and severity of adverse effects (AE) of non-hormonal drugs (NHD) for hot flashes in breast cancer survivors compared to controls and analyze adverse-effect risk by reviewing published randomized trials. <p>Methods: Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and PubMed databases were searched. Trials were included where participants ...

This study aimed to assess whether adolescents have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) compared to adult women. We used data on 43,327 births from the population-based Arkhangelsk County Birth Registry, Northwest Russia, for 2012–2014. The perinatal outcomes included stillbirth, preterm birth (<37 and <32 weeks), low and very low birthweight, 5 min Apgar score <7 and <4, ...