Institutt for samfunnsmedisin: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 1801-1820 av 1899
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Evaluation of the Norwegian Surveillance System for Infections in Hospital Service (NOIS)
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-05-01)Healthcare-associated infections are a major concern in health care throughout the world, and public health institutions answer to the problem by implementing nationwide surveillance systems. The Norwegian Surveillance System for Infections in Hospital Service (NOIS) was implemented in 2005 to monitor surgical site infections in patients having undergone any one of the most common surgical procedures: ... -
Design and methods in a survey of living conditions in the Arctic–the SLiCA study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012) -
Ovarian hormones and reproductive risk factors for breast cancer in premenopausal women : the Norwegian EBBA-I study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)Ovarian hormones, parity and length of ‘menarche-to-first birth’ time interval are known risk factors for breast cancer, yet the associations between 17β-estradiol, progesterone and these reproductive factors remain unclear. A total of 204 women (25–35 years) who participated in the Norwegian EBBA-I study collected daily saliva samples for one complete menstrual cycle, and filled in a reproductive ... -
Functional ultrasound of the anal canal. The effect of pregnancy and childbirth
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-06-22)This thesis is concerned with functional three-dimensional ultrasound of the anal canal. Comparing acquisitions assessed with endoanal- and transvaginal transducers, the transvaginal transducer turned out to be as good as the endovaginal transducer. In addition, the curvatures, position and dimensions of the undisturbed anatomical structures in the anal canal, including the anal mucosa, could be ... -
Acupuncture treatment for depression : an overview of systematic reviews
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-06-15)Background:For more than 2000 years acupuncture has been used to treat depression and randomized controlled trials (RCT) have been conducted to investigate their efficacy.Objectives: The objectives of this overview is to assess the effects and adverse effects of acupuncture in patients with depression, and to evaluate the report quality of acupuncture treatment for depression in randomized controlled ... -
Physical activity, osteoporosis, and fracture risk : long-term associations in a general population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-11-04)Osteoporosis and related fractures are a major health problem among elderly people, and Norway has reportedly one of the highest fracture rates in the world. Many factors contribute to osteoporosis and fractures. One highly relevant protective factor is physical activity, which is a major mechanical determinant of the properties of the skeleton. Physical activity may postpone the age-related bone ... -
A community-based factorial trial on Alzheimer's disease. Effects of expectancy, recruitment methods, co-morbidity and drug use : The Dementia Study in Northern Norway.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-10-21)Ni kommuner deltok i studien. I fem av kommunene fikk deltakerne med Alzheimers sykdom (AS) systematisk stimulering (n=103), i de resterende fire vanlig pleie og omsorg (n=84). Alle inkluderte ble randomisert dobbelt blindt til donepezil eller placebo, og fulgt med tre kognitive tester (MMSE, Klokketest og ADAS-Cog) hver fjerde måned i ett år. To testteknikere testet deltakerne på deres hjemsteder. ... -
Kvinner og røyking : endringer i røykevaner i perioden 1991 til 2005 og prediktorer for røykeslutt : en kohortstudie basert på "Kvinner og kreft"-studien
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2010-06-15)Bakgrunn: Røyking er den enkeltfaktor som har størst negativ innvirking på folkehelse som kan forebygges. De siste 15-20 årene har det vært en stor nedgang i antall dagligrøykere, men det er fortsatt ca 20 % av kvinnene mellom 16-74 år som røyker daglig. Det er få norske studier som har sett på prediktorer for røykeslutt. Hensikt: Beskrive røykestatus i 1991 og endringer i røykevaner hos en kohort ... -
The development and use of a new tool for estimating individual sun induced vitamin D in epidemiological surveys
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2010-11-19) -
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes in groups stratified according to metabolic syndrome : a 10-year follow-up of The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010)Many incident cases of type 2 diabetes do not fulfill the metabolic syndrome, which accordingly has been questioned both as a research and clinical tool. The aim of this study was to determine differences in risk factors for type 2 diabetes between groups with high or low metabolic score. The study population were 26,093 men and women attending the Tromsø Study in 1994, followed through 2005, and ... -
Morally bound medical work. An empirical study exploring moral conditions of doctors’ everyday practice
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-09-22)All of clinical work also has a moral dimension since the purpose of health care is to help patients. The aim of this project is to understand how doctors deal with these moral dimensions of clinical work. The field of bioethics has largely emerged as a philosophically founded discipline, without taking into account how doctors already handle moral values as a tacit or implicit part of their clinical ... -
Factors behind high cardiovascular disease mortality in Northwest Russia. The Arkhangelsk study.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-06-10)Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Russia is among the highest in the world. CVD mortality rate among Russian middle-aged (30-59) men and women is more than ten times higher than in Norway. Comparative studies however show that abnormally high levels of the conventional (atherosclerotic) cardiovascular risk factors such as serum cholesterol, obesity, diabetes and hypertension are ... -
Legemiddelforskrivning og uttak av medikamenter ved obstruktiv lungesykdom : en kartlegging av forskrivninger fra allmennlege og uttak av legemidler fra Reseptregisteret med data fra 8 utvalgte legesentre i Sør og Nord-Trøndelag fylke
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-07-15)Bakgrunn: Legemiddelbehandling i dag har en viktig rolle i å forebygge og å redusere sykelighet og dødelighet for pasienter med kronisk lungesykdom. I Norge har det de siste tiårene vært mindre oppmerksomhet rundt pasientenes etterlevelse av medisinske råd og behandlinger sammenlignet med mange andre land. Studier har vist at kun halvparten av pasientene med ulike kroniske sykdommer følger sin ... -
Fett eller muskler - ett fett for beinmassen? : sammenhenger mellom fett- og muskelmasse og beintetthet (BMD), en tverrsnittsstudie basert på befolkningsundersøkelsen Tromsø V
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-06-15)Summary This thesis evaluates how fat body mass (FBM) and lean body mass (LBM) influence bone mineral density (BMD) in total body, weight bearing and non-weight bearing parts of the skeleton. It is a cross-sectional study based on absorptiometry data from a large population based study (Tromsø V). The project involved an initial quality control of the data, and includes data from 1354 men and women ... -
Betydning av uførepensjon for livskvalitet hos personer som hadde søkt hjelp for psykiske plager i Tromsøundersøkelse – IV
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-01-20)Over 330.000 mennesker er uføretrygdet i Norge, og antallet nye tilfeller forventes å øke de kommende år. Samtidig stiger andelen uføretrygdede grunnet psykiske plager og lidelser – særlig blant de yngre. Man har lite kunnskap om hvordan uførepensjon påvirker livskvalitet. Det empiriske materialet er Tromsøundersøkelse-IV, som ble gjennomført i 1994/95. I alt 22.943 deltakere mellom 25 og 67 år ble ... -
Ethnic discrimination and bullying in relation to self-reported physical and mental health in Sami settlement areas in Norway : The SAMINOR study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-03-25)Vitenskapelig kunnskap om de norske samenes helse og levekår har økt de siste årene, spesielt etter at Senter for samisk helseforskning ble etablert i 2001. Forut for oppstarten av virksomheten ved senteret ligger ulike offentlige dokumenter til grunn. Fra 1995 foreligger NOU 1995:6 Plan for helse- og sosialtjenester for den samiske befolkningen i Norge. Dette dokumentet er det første offentlige ... -
Medical education, care, and research in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 1973) -
Health service use in indigenous Sami and non-indigenous youth in North Norway : A population based survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009) -
Childhood abuse : pregnancy and childbirth
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-03-18)Background: Childhood abuse affects adult physical and psychological health. There is limited research on the effect of childhood abuse on pregnancy and childbirth. Studies usually focus on a single type of abuse, commonly sexual and/or physical abuse, few have considered emotional abuse. The results of studies on childhood abuse and mode of delivery are inconsistent. This might be due to methodological ... -
The acupuncture on hot flashes among menopausal women (ACUFLASH) study : observational follow up results at six and 12 months
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010-03)Objective: The previously published ACUFLASH study compared the effectiveness of individualized acupuncture treatment plus self-care versus self-care alone on hot flashes and health-related quality of life in postmenopausal women. This paper reports on the observational follow-up results at six and 12 months. <br>Methods: The ACUFLASH study was a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized, controlled ...