Osteoporosis is a chronic disease affecting bone tissue that may lead to fractures from minor accidents. Roughly 20% of females and 6 % of males have osteoporosis after age 50, but the disease might be present at a younger age. Early diagnosis is challenging because the disease has no symptoms. Dental radiography is a frequent examination that might be useful for early osteoporosis screening at ...

Mitochondria are the main energy producing units (organelles) in cardiac cells (cardiomyocytes). Cardiomyocytes have especially high mitochondrial content due to the heart’s continuous energy-intensive pumping. Studies of heart disease (such as heart failure) indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction is central to disease progression. There are many cellular mechanisms that protect mitochondria from ...

This thesis was aimed to examine the physiological and pathophysiological effects of 3 hours continuous cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at 27°C concerning hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and regional blood flow. We aimed to explore mechanisms responsible for the successful resuscitation of accidental hypothermia victims in hypothermic cardiac arrest (HCA) and evaluate their value during prolonged ...

<p>There is a consistent finding that the higher the socioeconomic position (SEP), the better the health. The choice of SEP indicator is crucial in explaining these socioeconomic inequalities. However, a poorly motivated use of SEP indicators prevails in the literature on social health inequalities, hampering the transparency and comparability across studies. Its primary aim is to explore different ...

Parental mental illness, parents’ loss of ability to work and family poverty affect children and put them at risk for adverse life outcomes. Support for and attendance to minor children and parenting in adult mental health and social services should therefore be an incorporated practice. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate the extent and quality of a family focus in these adult services. ...

This dissertation addresses psychological factors that contribute to the underrepresentation of men in communal occupations (i.e., occupations associated with communal traits, e.g., nurse), based on the theoretical perspectives from the developmental theory of occupational aspirations (Gottfredson, 1981) and the model of achievement-related choices (Eccles et al., 1983). The underrepresentation of ...

<p><i>Background:</i> Evidence suggests that the link between obesity and chronic lifestyle disease is chronic, low-grade inflammation. Leptin and adiponectin play principal roles in inducing inflammation and promoting insulin resistance, resulting in metabolic syndrome. Our study aimed to find clinically feasible biologic markers to identify metabolically dysregulated obese individuals and to study ...

Hypothermia-induced cardiac dysfunction (HCD), commonly seen during rewarming, is one of the feared complications of accidental hypothermia. Animal studies with phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors and sodium nitroprusside have demonstrated positive effects on reversing HCD. These medications act by indirectly increasing intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine ...

This thesis explores how volunteerism and processes of and around integration interact, and where and how the voluntary sector may facilitate – or hamper – integration processes in a Norwegian setting. It thus addresses the recent shift towards everyday life integration in Norwegian policymaking. The thesis scrutinizes power relations between the various actors in the field: policymakers, voluntary ...

Our research focused on assessing lipoprotein subfractions using the Lipoprint LDL® and HDL® system and evaluating metrics associated with HDL function. We examined data from four intervention trials involving high-risk patients of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The interventions included lifestyle changes followed by bariatric surgery for morbidly obese patients, statin and ezetimibe ...