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norskFakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi
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Mapping Reasoning Paths of Large Language Models
(Master thesis, 2025)This thesis tracks general LLM reasoning by examining how two open-weight models—GPT2-XL (1.5 B) and GPT-Neo (1.3 B)—organise meaning across their hidden layers. Four structured text suites (unrelated, related, identical, cross-lingual) and 50-word “Country-Stories” summaries feed the models. Layer-wise activations are projected with UMAP, connected via k-nearest-neighbour graphs, and summarised ... -
Late Holocene history of Sefströmbreen in Ekmanfjorden, Svalbard
(Master thesis, 2025)There is limited documentation of complete surge cycles from Svalbard. Since the Little Ice Age, multiple surge-type glaciers in Svalbard have been undergoing continuous retreat. This has led to the formation of combined terrestrial and marine terminating margins, as well as newly exposed terrain, featuring glacial landforms such as crevasse-squeeze ridges, which are diagnostic landforms of surge-type ... -
User Interface for Nudges: Development of Nudge Patterns Library and Nudge Components Library
(Master thesis, 2025)This thesis explores how digital nudging can be systematically represented and implemented in user interfaces through design and development resources. Nudging refers to practice of subtly guiding individuals toward desired actions without restricting their freedom of choice. In digital contexts, it relies on user interface (UI) elements to influence behavior. Despite increasing interest, the practical ... -
Joavku: Real-Time Team Assignment using Visual Data
(Master thesis, 2025)This thesis presents Joavku, a lightweight and interpretable system for performing automated team assignment of football players using only visual data. Unlike many existing systems that rely on custom-trained machine learning models or external tracking technologies, Joavku utilizes a novel color-based classification method that identifies the dominant team color in a player’s kit. By isolating key ... -
Monitovra
(Master thesis, 2025)This thesis investigates the co-optimization of state-of-the-art computer vision models and camera configurations to enable accurate, real-time soccer analysis. This work is part of the broader development of the Cyber Security Group's real-time soccer analysis system at UiT The Arctic University of Norway, a low-cost, modular solution for real-time performance analysis. By combining practical system ... -
Using Self-Supervised Learning To Improve Deep Learning-Based Analysis of 4D PET Imaging
(Master thesis, 2025)Dynamic positron emission tomography (dPET) imaging requires an accurate arterial input function (AIF) for quantitative analysis. However, traditional methods for AIF measurement require invasive blood sampling. Recent deep learning models can predict the AIF from the 4D PET data itself, eliminating the need for invasive blood sampling. However, their performance often degrades with limited amount ... -
Sparse Neural Network Interpretability: A Comparative Analysis of Au toencoders and Transformers
(Master thesis, 2025)As neural networks grow increasingly complex and powerful, understanding their internal representations becomes critical for ensuring safe and reliable AI systems. This thesis addresses a fundamental challenge in mechanistic interpretability: how architectural choices in sparse representation learning shape our ability to understand neural network internals. We present the first comprehensive ... -
Oil spills, lookalikes and a whole lot of noise: A diffusion based approach for Oil Spill Detection in SAR Images
(Master thesis, 2025)Accurate and fast oil spill detection is crucial to enable effective usage of mitigation resources to minimize environmental damage. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery provides a reliable means of large-scale ocean monitoring, but analyzing these images remains a time-consuming and labor-intensive task. The presence of lookalikes in SAR images, natural phenomena imitating the appearance of oil ... -
Attempting to reduce the number of same-day elective-surgery cancelations using consumer-grade wearable devices and kernel density estimation
(Master thesis, 2025)As people live longer and have increasingly sedentary and unhealthy lifestyles the pressure on the healthcare sector will be increasing in the future. To cope with this increased demand, technological solutions are being tested and implemented with the aim of offsetting some of the added workload. One of these new technological solutions is the use of consumer-grade wearable devices and machine ... -
Fuse: Space-Efficient Token-Based Key Exchange using Elliptic Curves
(Master thesis, 2025)This thesis presents a novel implementation of a Non-Interactive Key Exchange (NIKE) protocol using features from Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) to achieve a highly space-efficient key distribution scheme. Our Token-Based Key Exchange (TBKE) implementation enables scalable symmetric key generation through compact, capability-based tokens, making it particularly suited for resource-constrained ... -
LLMs and Online Privacy: Toward Automated Relevance Assessment
(Master thesis, 2025)As digital footprints grow, individuals face increasing challenges in understanding and managing the personal information available about them online. The OPP tool addresses this by retrieving public URLs related to a user's identity. This thesis enhances OPP by integrating a Large Language Model to automatically assess the relevance of these search results. The project explores how prompt engineering ... -
Investigation of Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes observed with the EISCAT VHF radar
(Master thesis, 2025)During the summer months at high and mid-latitudes, VHF and UHF radars can detect strong radar echoes, known as Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes (PMSE), at altitudes between 80 and 90 km. The formation of PMSE is closely linked to the presence of ice particles, turbulence, and irregularities in the electron density. Current theories suggest that neutral turbulence causes the spatial structuring of ... -
Numerical simulations of sheath-interchange turbulence at the boundary of magnetically confined plasmas
(Master thesis, 2025)Controlled thermonuclear fusion holds great potential as an abundant, safe and environmentally friendly source of electrical energy. One of the most promising approach to harness fusion energy is trough the use of tokamak, a machine with a strong toroidal magnetic field. However the intrinsic curvature of the tokamak leads to an interchange instability, akin to the Rayleigh Taylor instability, in ... -
Variability of Circulation and Water Masses in Kvitøya Trough
(Master thesis, 2025)The physical environment of the northern Barents Sea is shaped by the inflow of warm, saline Atlantic Water (AW) and the seasonal cycle of sea ice. Recent years have seen a rapid shift toward more Atlantic conditions, driven by reduced sea ice import and increased influence of AW intrusions. Although seasonal variability is crucial for understanding these changes, observations from the ice-covered ... -
Comparison between high-resolution large-eddy simulation (LES) of atmospheric flows and the WindNinja wind downscaling algorithm, emphasizing Lagrangian coherent structures to enhance predictions for snow redistribution in alpine environments.
(Master thesis, 2025)Avalanche forecasters, hydrologists and winter recreationalists are asking themselves the same question: where is the snow on the mountain. Unfortunately, snow distribution is a highly complex area of research due to the turbulent behavior of atmospheric flow. The structural organization of the flow can be analyzed via Lagragian coherent structure (LCS) methods, such as finite-time Lyapunov exponents ... -
Controlling mechanisms of shallow fluid accumulations in the Veslemøya High, Bjørnøyrenna and Ringvassøya-Loppa Fault Complexes, SW Barents Sea
(Master thesis, 2025)The southwest Barents Sea is a large sub-province within the Greater Barent Sea, an extensive epicontinental shelf that stretches from the northern coast of Norway, northward to Svalbard, and eastward to Franz Josef Land in Russia. This region has undergone a complex geological evolution, with phases of tectonic activity during the Paleozoic to Early Cenozoic. In the late Cenozoic, it was through ... -
Geological Investigation of the Polaris CO₂ Storage Prospect in the Barents Sea
(Master thesis, 2025)This thesis investigates the Polaris prospect in the southwestern Barents Sea as a potential site for geological CO₂ storage. The study’s objectives were to (1) map the storage complex, (2) assess reservoir and seal suitability, (3) estimate storage capacity, and (4) evaluate leakage potential through the regional fault system. To achieve this, 3D seismic data were interpreted in Petrel alongside ... -
Halomonas sp. MC140, a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producer isolated from the Arctic environment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-07-03)Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biobased and biodegradable polyesters with potential to replace petroleum-based plastics or for use as feed in aquaculture. In this study, Halomonas sp. MC140 was isolated from the Arctic littoral environment in Norway and characterized in terms of PHA production. Phylogenetic analysis of the draft genome sequence placed the strain as closely related to Halomonas ... -
Fragmentation and Volatile Depletion in Meteor Head Echo Measurements
(Master thesis, 2025)The main source of mass influx to Earth is thought to come from microgram sized meteoroids. These micro-meteoroids are indirectly detectable by high powered large aperture radars through the plasma they generate while ablating. A subset of meteor head echoes is known to contain abrupt drops in radar cross section (RCS). These drops can indicate meteor fragmentation, depletion of volatile elements, ... -
Seasonal sea ice characterized the glacial Arctic-Atlantic gateway over the past 750,000 years
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-07-04)The past occurrence of an extreme ~1-kilometer–thick Arctic Ocean–Nordic Seas ice shelf has been inferred from submarine landscape features and geochemical records, although fundamental aspects of its characteristics, impacts, and timing remain highly debated. Here, we challenge this pan-Arctic glaciation hypothesis by investigating two sites from the Arctic-Atlantic gateway (AAG) and the Nordic ...
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