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norskInstitutt for matematikk og statistikk
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Ungdomsskoleelevers generalisering i matematikk - En kvalitativ studie av 9. klassingers strategier i møte med mønsteroppgaver
(Master thesis, 2025)I denne masteroppgaven har jeg undersøkt hvordan elever på 9. trinn arbeider med matematisk generalisering gjennom å gi elever mønsteroppgaver. Resultater fra PISA 2022 viser at norske elever aldri har scoret lavere i PISA-undersøkelsen innen kunnskapsområdet matematikk og at en betydelig større andel norske elever presterer på lavt nivå i matematikk enn tidligere. Kun sju prosent av elevene havner ... -
Utforskende undervisning i matematikk: Tilpasset læring for alle elever – en kvalitativ studie med lærerperspektiv
(Master thesis, 2025)Masteroppgaven utforsker hvordan kreativitet og utforskende undervisningsmetoder kan benyttes i matematikkundervisningen på ungdomsskolen for å sikre at alle elever oppnår et godt læringsutbytte. Studien tar for seg hvordan fagfornyelsen fra 2020 legger større vekt på elevaktivitet og selvstendig utforskning. Oppgaven tar for seg to sentrale modeller for problemløsning: den analytiske modellen som ... -
Vurdering av skriftlige elevbesvarelser i matematikk
(Master thesis, 2025)Ifølge læreplanene i matematikk skal underveisvurderingen «bidra til å fremme læring og til å utvikle kompetanse i matematikk» (Utdanningsdirektoratet, 2020). All vurdering som ikke er summativ skal brukes til å fremme og øke elevens kompetanse (Engh & Gran, 2021). Med dette i bakhodet og at vurdering i seg selv er komplekst, ønsket jeg å undersøke hvordan lærere begrunner sine vurderinger av ... -
Bayesian framework for curve alignment and change point detection applied to marine sediment core data
(Master thesis, 2025)Paleoclimate proxy records such as marine sediment cores are crucial for understanding past climate conditions. The deposition rate for these archives may vary dramatically both within individual cores and between them, obfuscating the temporal expression of events. Accurate alignment of cores is therefore critical for determining extent and rate of past climate change. Current methods are performed ... -
Conformal structures with G2-symmetric twistor distribution
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-04-03)For any 4D split-signature conformal structure, there is an induced twistor distribution on the 5D space of all self-dual totally null 2-planes, which is (2, 3, 5) when the conformal structure is not anti-self-dual. Several examples where the twistor distribution achieves maximal symmetry (the split-real form of the exceptional simple Lie algebra of type G<sub>2</sub>) were previously known, and ... -
Symmetries of (2, 3, 5)-distributions and associated Legendrian cone structures
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-04-30)We exploit a natural correspondence between holomorphic (2, 3, 5)-distributions and nondegenerate lines on holomorphic contact manifolds of dimension 5 to present a new perspective in the study of symmetries of (2, 3, 5)-distributions. This leads to a number of new results in this classical subject, including an unexpected relation between the multiply-transitive families of models having 7- and ... -
Robustness and Mechanisms of the Atmospheric Response Over the Southern Ocean to Idealized Freshwater Input Around Antarctica
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-05-22)Enhanced Antarctic ice sheet mass loss yields ocean surface freshening, cooling and sea ice expansion, which result in changes in the atmospheric conditions. Using the Southern Ocean Freshwater Input from Antarctica (SOFIA) multi-model ensemble, we study the atmospheric response to a 100-year idealized freshwater release of 0.1 Sv. All models simulate a surface-intensified tropospheric cooling and ... -
Enhanced subglacial discharge amplifies Petermann Ice Shelf melting when ocean thermal forcing saturates
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-05-06)Increased basal melting of the Petermann Ice Shelf is typically attributed to rising ocean temperatures. While subglacial discharge is known to intensify basal melt, the underlying mechanisms and their evolution in a warming climate remain unresolved. Using a 3-D numerical regional ice shelf–ocean model centered on the Petermann Fjord, we identify a regime shift in heat flux efficiency within the ... -
Hvordan kan elevers oppfatninger om matematikk og motivasjon for å lære matematikk knyttes til utforskende undervisning? Et perspektiv fra SUM-prosjektet
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024)Lærerne som deltok i SUM-prosjektet (se kapittel 5) prøvde ut ulike utforskende aktiviteter i matematikklassene de underviste, og datamaterialet som har blitt samlet inn gjennom SUM-prosjektet inkluderer blant annet observasjoner av undervisningsøkter, intervjuer med utvalgte elever i etterkant av slike undervisningsøkter og spørreskjema besvart av elevene mot slutten av prosjektperioden. I dette ... -
Hvilken utvikling kan vi se hos lærerne som deltok i SUM-prosjektet?
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024)Et mål med SUM-prosjektet (nærmere beskrevet i kapittel 5) var å legge til rette for at lærere skulle utvikle sin undervisningskompetanse innen utforskende matematikkundervisning. Forrige kapittel identifiserte noen konkrete aspekter ved organiseringen av SUM-prosjektet som ga muligheter for en slik utvikling, samt potensielle hindringer/barrierer som man også må ta hensyn til. Men i hvor stor grad ... -
Reconstructing historical climate fields with deep learning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-04-02)Historical records of climate fields are often sparse because of missing measurements, especially before the introduction of large-scale satellite missions. Several statistical and model-based methods have been introduced to fill gaps and reconstruct historical records. Here, we use a recently introduced deep learning approach based on Fourier convolutions, trained on numerical climate model output, ... -
Recurrent Lorentzian Weyl Spaces
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-02)We find the local form of all non-closed Lorentzian Weyl manifolds (M,c,∇) with recurrent curvature tensor. The recurrent curvature tensor turns out to be weighted parallel, i.e., the obtained spaces provide certain generalization of locally symmetric affine spaces for the Weyl geometry. If the dimension of the manifold is greater than 3, then the conformal structure is flat, and the recurrent Weyl ... -
Basal Melting and Oceanic Observations Beneath Central Fimbulisen, East Antarctica
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-03-11)Basal melting of ice shelves is fundamental to Antarctic ice sheet mass loss, yet direct observations remain sparse. We present the first year-round melt record (2017–2021) from a phase-sensitive radar on Fimbulisen, one of the fastest flowing ice shelves in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. The observed long-term mean ablation rate at 350 m depth below the central ice shelf was 1.0 ± 0.5 m ... -
Pigghåtoktet 2024 - Et samarbeidstokt mellom Havforskningsinstituttet og Måløy Videregående Skole, med opplæringsfartøyet MS Skulebas
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2025)Pigghå er en datafattig og rødlistet art som historisk har gitt grunnlag for et stort fiskeri med årlige landinger på mer enn 40 000 tonn i mer enn 40 år. Etter langvarig overfiske og etterfølgende bestandssammenbrudd har det nå i en del år vært tegn til vekst i bestanden. I 2020 tok Måløy videregående skole, som eier en autoline/garnbåt, kontakt med Havforskningsinstituttet og presenterte et ønske ... -
Identifying conditions leading to power quality events in Arctic Norway: Feature selection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-26)Higher penetration of renewable energy and increased electricity consumption makes delivering a reliable power supply a complex task. Power system operators are nevertheless required to provide a reliable power supply with a power quality within specified limits. Power quality events can cause malfunctioning of sensitive equipment for consumers in the distribution network. Communities in the periphery ... -
Data on Physical Properties of Sea Ice in the Northern Barents Sea and Adjacent Arctic Basin From the Nansen Legacy Project
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-03-17)Recent decline of sea ice in the Barents Sea represents a clear manifestation of the ongoing Arctic warming. This study presents a compilation of data sets on sea ice physics acquired during 2018–2022 during Nansen Legacy—a Norwegian multidisciplinary national research programme that focused on the northern Barents Sea. The data were acquired using a variety of methods such as sea ice coring, thickness ... -
Unifying heterogeneous hyperspectral databases for in vivo human brain cancer classification: Towards robust algorithm development
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-02-18)Background and objective - Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and early and accurate detection is crucial to improve patient outcomes. Differentiating between healthy and diseased brain tissue during surgery is particularly challenging. Hyperspectral imaging, combined with machine and deep learning algorithms, has shown promise for detecting brain cancer in vivo. The present ... -
Regulated Power Supply with High Power Factor for Hyperspectral Imaging Applications
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-01-22)Illumination is a crucial factor in hyperspectral imaging systems. In this respect, this work is focused on analyzing the influence of the light power source in acquiring hyperspectral images. To this end, a custom regulated power supply was designed and developed. This power supply was then integrated into a hyperspectral acquisition system, and several light stability measurements were conducted. ... -
Three-dimensional modeling of diffusion-gravity flows in ice-covered lakes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-03-03)When a solid inclined surface is submerged in a quiescent stratified fluid, the combined effects of buoyancy forces and diffusion generate an upward gravity flow along the slope. Thermally stratified ice-covered lakes remain in a nearly quiescent state and are potentially prone to this effect. We use three-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling to investigate the diffusion-gravity flow and its impact on ... -
REFLECTIONS ON ABSTRACTION IN A WORLD WHERE ATTACHMENT TO PLACE MATTERS
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2025-01)In an earlier reflection, we drew on our experiences, especially in Indigenous contexts, to consider how detachment connects with abstraction (Huru, Andersson & Wagner, 2023). We described abstraction as a process that attaches an idea to an experience—e.g., the realization that a line carved into a bone can represent a real thing, or five such lines, or the symbol 5 referring to the five lines. But ...
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