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norskBlar i tittel Institutt for psykologi
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Tidligere enslige mindreårige asylsøkeres opplevelse av å komme til Norge
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-01)I denne oppgaven ble opplevelser til tidligere enslige mindreårige asylsøkere etter at de kom til Norge undersøkt med seks kvalitative semistrukturerte dybdeintervju. Intervjuene ble analysert ved å bruke Fortolkende fenomenologisk analyse (FFA). Gjennom analysen kom tre overordnede temaer frem. Det første temaet var ”Utfordringer med å komme alene til Norge”, med tre tilhørende undertemaer: ... -
Tilknytningsteori som forklaringsmodell for barn og unges overgrepsatferd. En eksplorerende kunnskapsoppsummering
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-05-03)Formålet med denne oppgaven er å bevisstgjøre og løfte opp et tema som snakkes for lite om. Omtrent en tredel av overgrep mot barn og unge begås av andre barn og unge, og trenden ser ut til å være økende. Dette er viktig å se i sammenheng med at vi lever i en tidsalder hvor mye av barn og ungdoms sosiale liv skjer på digitale plattformer, der det er enkelt å krenke andre. Ofte er barna og ungdommene ... -
Time trends in the effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-21)Recent studies suggest that the effects of cognitive therapies for depression show systematic changes over time. A meta‐analysis was conducted to explore the temporal development of the effect of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for current depression in studies that used the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) or the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) as outcome measures. A systematic ... -
Timed Up and Go in People with Subjective Cognitive Decline Is Associated with Faster Cognitive Deterioration and Cortical Thickness
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2022-04)<p><i>Introduction:</i> Early markers of neurodegeneration provide an opportunity to detect, monitor, and initiate interventions in individuals who have an increased risk of developing dementia. Here, we investigated whether the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is associated with early brain neurodegeneration and whether the TUG test could be a marker of cognitive decline in people with subjective cognitive ... -
To which world regions does the valence–dominance model of social perception apply?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-04)Over the past 10 years, Oosterhof and Todorov’s valence–dominance model has emerged as the most prominent account of how people evaluate faces on social dimensions. In this model, two dimensions (valence and dominance) underpin social judgements of faces. Because this model has primarily been developed and tested in Western regions, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other regions. We ... -
Too different to be equal: Lack of public respect is associated with reduced self‐respect for stigmatized individuals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-25)Individuals with physical and mental disabilities can be stigmatized and perceived in terms of their disabilities in the public domain. This is less pervasive in the private domain, because of the presence of individuating information. We argue that disabilities decrease individuals’ everyday opportunities to receive basic equality-based respect experiences in the public domain and thus makes it ... -
Toward a model-based cognitive neuroscience of mind wandering
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-03)People often ‘‘mind wander” during everyday tasks, temporarily losing track of time, place, or current task goals. In laboratory-based tasks, mind wandering is often associated with performance decrements in behavioral variables and changes in neural recordings. Such empirical associations provide descriptive accounts of mind wandering – howit affects ongoing task performance – but fail to ... -
Tracking changes in spatial frequency sensitivity during natural image processing in school age: an event-related potential study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-09)Several studies have shown that behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of processing visual images containing low or high spatial frequency (LSF or HSF) information undergo development after early childhood. However, the maturation of spatial frequency sensitivity in school-age has been investigated using abstract stimuli only. The aim of the current study was to assess how LSF and HSF ... -
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation above the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Facilitates Decision-Making following Periods of Low Outcome Controllability
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-25)Recent studies suggest that choice behavior in reinforcement learning tasks is shaped by the level of outcome controllability. In particular, Pavlovian bias (PB) seems to be enhanced under low levels of control, manifesting in approach tendencies toward rewards and response inhibition when facing potential losses. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated both in evaluating outcome ... -
Transcranial direct current stimulation as a memory enhancer in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-23)<p><i>Background:</i> The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on verbal memory function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. <p><i>Methods:</i> We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial in which tDCS was applied in six 30-minute sessions for 10 days. tDCS was delivered to the left temporal cortex with 2-mA intensity. ... -
Transkranial likestrømstimulering (tDCS) forbedrer verbalt gjenkjenningsminne hos pasienter med Alzheimers sykdom
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-05-02)Alzheimers sykdom (AS) er den vanligste demenssykdommen, og rammer en stor del av den eldre befolkningen. Sykdommen medfører kognitiv svekkelse, spesielt hukommelsesvansker. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), på norsk Transkraniell likestrømstimulering, er en nevromodulasjonsteknikk som kan påvirke aktiviteten i korteks ved at nevroners hvilemembranpotensiale endres. Ved hjelp av ... -
Transkranial likestrømstimulering (tDCS) som behandling for smerter hos fibromyalgipasienter: en placebokontrollert randomisert dobbeltblind studie.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-02)Fibromyalgi er et kronisk smertesyndrom kjennetegnet av vedvarende smerter og er sett på som en stor helsemessig utfordring. Verken behandlingsmetoder eller patofysiologi er fullstendig kartlagt, men nyere forskning indikerer at sentralnervøse dysfunksjoner kan være en av årsakene til lidelsen. Transkraniell likestrømstimulering (tDCS) er en ikke-invasiv hjernestimuleringsteknikk som har vist seg ... -
Transkraniell likestrømsstimulering og Alzheimers sykdom: Forholdet mellom kognitiv prestasjon og vanndiffusjon i hvit substans
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-04-30)Formålet med oppgaven var å undersøke effekten av anodal high definition (HD)-tDCS over venstre dorsolateral prefrontal cortex hos pasienter med Alzheimers sykdom. Utfallsmål var prestasjoner på tester for oppmerksomhet, utsatt hukommelse og på Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status total indeksskåre. Diffusjons tensor avbildning ble også benyttet for mål på fraksjonell ... -
Traumekartlegging av Barn og Unge med ADHD i en BUP-Populasjon
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-05-01)Mange barn og ungdom i Norge blir utsatt for vold og overgrep. Det foreligger til dels stor diskrepans mellom opplevde og rapporterte traumer innen psykisk helsevesen. Forskning har vist at hvordan behandlere kartlegger for traumehistorikk er avgjørende for hvorvidt pasienten rapporterer traumer. Fokus for denne studien var å undersøke kartleggingsrutiner for traumer i en ADHD-populasjon under ... -
Traumer og stressende livserfaringer - en kvalitativ studie om komorbid psykisk helse etter hjerteinfarkt
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-12-12)Bakgrunn: Formålet med studien var å få en dypere forståelse av forskningsspørsmålet «Hvordan er hjerteinfarkt assosiert med komorbid psykisk helse?». Hensikten var å utvikle kunnskap om hvordan hjerteinfarkt kan oppleves traumatisk og hvordan man kan fange opp, forebygge og tilby behandling til mennesker som har behov for psykisk helsehjelp. Metode: For å utforske dette benyttet vi oss av kvalitativ ... -
Treatment Effects of Therapeutic Interventions for Gaming Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-12-12)The prevalence of gaming disorder (GD) is assumed to be between 2% - 5%. The treatment effect of different therapeutic interventions of GD has not been studied extensively. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to identify all clinical GD-studies with a control group, determine the effect of the interventions and examine moderators. Clinical studies applying a form of therapeutic intervention ... -
Treatment effects on compulsive exercise and physical activity in eating disorders
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-13)Background:<br> Dysfunctional thoughts- and use of physical activity (PA) are core symptoms of the eating disorders (ED) bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). The compulsive desire for PA complicates a favourable treatment outcome; hence, regular, adapted PA led by personnel with competence in exercise science is rarely part of treatment of BN and BED. The present study compared ... -
The treatment of PTSD in an older adult Norwegian woman using narrative exposure therapy: a case report
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-16)The bulk of the literature on effective treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has focused on children, adolescents, and young adults. The evidence on treatments for older adults is sparse. This case report presents the application of narrative exposure therapy (NET) for a 70-year-old Norwegian woman suffering from PTSD as a result of multiple childhood and late life traumatic events. ... -
Triadic interaction and gestural communication: Hierarchical and child-centered interactions of rural and urban gujarati (Indian) caregivers and 9-month-old infants
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-23)In this study 9-month-old infants in rural and urban Gujarat, India were compared in how frequently and in which way they engage in triadic interactions. It was assumed that urban caregivers would engage in a child-centered interaction style, frequently creating triadic interactions and following infants’ signals. It was also expected that they would engage in more gestural communication in line ... -
The Tromso Infant Faces Database (TIF): development, validation and application to assess parenting experience on clarity and intensity ratings
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-03-24)Newborns and infants are highly depending on successfully communicating their needs; e.g., through crying and facial expressions. Although there is a growing interest in the mechanisms of and possible influences on the recognition of facial expressions in infants, heretofore there exists no validated database of emotional infant faces. In the present article we introduce a standardized and freely ...
