Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak): Recent submissions
Now showing items 141-160 of 713
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Aspects on Recanalisation Therapies for Acute Ischaemic Stroke. Long-term survival after thrombolytic treatment with alteplase, endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke and recanalisation therapies for wake-up stroke
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-01-21)Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Approximately 85% of strokes are ischaemic strokes caused by blockage of a brain artery. Recanalisation therapies with thrombolysis (injection of drugs that dissolve the blood clot) and thrombectomy (mechanical removal of the blood clot) have revolutionised acute ischaemic stroke treatment during the last 25 years. Thrombolysis within ... -
Nanocarriers for tailored skin delivery: More than just the carriers?
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-11-23)Skin diseases are among the top 5 most leading diseases causing non-fatal health burden worldwide and strategies to assure more effective treatments are urgently needed. Dermal therapy is very attractive due to the direct administration of the drug at the diseased skin site thus minimizing systemic side effects associated with the oral and parenteral routes. However, the great variety within the ... -
Our climatic environment and pain. Exposure to cold environment at work and the weather in daily life
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-20)Chronic pain is a major health challenge, and musculoskeletal pain is among the main contributors to years lived with disability worldwide. Earlier research found an association between cold exposure at work and musculoskeletal pain. However, the literature is scarce, especially regarding chronic pain. It is a common belief that weather affects pain experience, but the literature on this topic is ... -
Accelerometer-measured physical activity in Norwegian adolescents. Results from The Fit Futures Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-16)This thesis examined the prevalence and patterns of accelerometer-measured physical activity in a cohort of urban-rural older adolescents in Northern Norway, participating in the Fit Futures Study. The thesis also assessed the validity of self-reported physical activity against accelerometer measurements, and explored the association between accelerometer-measured physical activity and subsequent ... -
Shaping the Perception of Risk: Investigating a Paradigmatic Case of Applied Decision Making under Uncertainty
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-15)Risk and uncertainty characterise most human endeavours. Whether judging risk when buying a house, making a career change, considering marriage, or simply ordering food at an unfamiliar restaurant, each decision involves evaluating the available evidence to infer the likelihood of negative outcomes. Such decisions are often marked by uncertainty, the condition of incomplete knowledge about the ... -
Medication therapy and treatment goal achievement among persons with coronary heart disease in a general population - Guideline adherence, medication adherence and validation of medication use
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-13)<p><i>Aim -</i> To assess the adherence to medication therapy for secondary prevention and achievement of treatment goals in persons with coronary heart disease (CHD) in a general population. <p><i>Methods -</i> This project used data from the seventh wave of the Tromsø Study, alone and linked with data from the Norwegian Prescription database (NorPD). Participants self-reporting CHD were included ... -
The obesity epidemic; population levels of visceral adipose tissue and trends in body composition. Insights from The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-09)<p><i>Background:</i> Simultaneously with the growing obesity epidemic, cardiometabolic risk have decreased in high-income countries. Do the most frequently used general and abdominal obesity measures (BMI and waist circumference) fail to represent actual obesity and obesity-related health risk? <p><i>Aims:</i> 1) present reference- and threshold values for DXA-derived visceral adipose tissue (VAT) ... -
Oral health among the indigenous Sámi population. A population-based study on periodontal health, dental caries, and oral health-related quality of life
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-08)<p><i>Background/Aim:</i> The lack of scientific knowledge on oral health in Sámi populations and the regional differences in caries experience among children in Northern Norway has raised the question of whether the high prevalence of oral disease in that geographic area differs by ethnicity. Evidence-based knowledge on oral health conditions in adults in these areas is scarce. The overall objective ... -
Mechanism and structural requirements for formation of p62 bodies and degradation of p62 by selective autophagy
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-03)Selective autophagy is responsible for the lysosomal degradation of damaged and surplus cytoplasmic components, including misfolded proteins and dysfunctional organelles. Selective autophagy is required for protein and organelle quality control basally and upon stress. For the autophagic process to be precise, selective autophagy receptors (SARs) like SQSTM1/p62 are required. Autophagic substrates ... -
The temporal development of cognitive behavioral therapy as treatment for unipolar depression. An evaluation based on three meta-analyses, focusing on time-trends, effect sizes, and associated moderators
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-11-29)The present thesis` main objective was to examine time-trends related to CBT as an anti-depressive treatment. A meta-analytic approach was the tool for such investigations, in which the formats of individual, group (GCBT), and mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral therapy (MCBT) were explored from a temporal point of view, and the results subsequently summarized in four articles. The meta-analyses ... -
Circle of Willis variants and cerebrovascular health: Representations, prevalences, functions and related consequences. Incomplete anatomy and changes to flow appear to induce more unfavourable health outcomes
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-03)<p><i>Background:</i> The Circle of Willis (CoW) is a circular structure of arteries in which most of the blood flowing to our brains pass through. The structure has primarily been regarded as important for its ability to redistribute blood flow in case of acute arterial occlusion, but may also have a role in dampening the pressure gradient in cerebral blood flow. The CoW anatomy also varies ... -
Testicular cancer survivors in the cisplatin era: Metachronous contralateral testicular cancer, second cancer and causes of death
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-11-26)<p><i>Background/aims:</i> Testicular cancer (TC) is the most common cancer among young men aged 20-40 years. The cure rates are excellent, an important factor being the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. This thesis aimed to investigate how TC treatment influenced the subsequent risk for metachronous contralateral (second) TC, non-TC second cancer (SC) and non-TC mortality. <p><i>Methods:</i> The ... -
Training and influence of maximal strength in football players - With specific emphasis on females
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-11-26)Participation and interest in female football is rising. Football is considered a complex sport, where technical, tactical, and physiological traits are suggested to impact the players´ ability to perform. However, most research on physical testing and training prescription derives from males. Although research is emerging on the match demands of female football, how underlying physiological or ... -
Rehabilitation pathways, satisfaction with functioning and wellbeing, and experienced rehabilitation needs after stroke
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-11-25)This international cohort study included 451 Norwegian and 348 Danish patients with first-ever stroke admitted to stroke units from one country region in north Norway and one in Denmark with different organization of rehabilitation services. Data were collected from national stroke registries and questionnaires with 3- and 12-months follow-up. The Quality of Life after Brain Injury-Overall Scale ... -
Temporal trends in intracerebral hemorrhage in a general population. Incidence, risk factors, case fatality and long-term mortality. The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-11-12)Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of stroke. The prognosis is poor. However, it is to a large degree a preventable disease. The aim of our study was to analyse the association between cardiovascular risk factors and risk of ICH, and to assess the impact of changes in risk factor levels over time on incidence rates of ICH. In addition, we aimed to analyse short- and ... -
The Role of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles and Procoagulant Phospholipid Activity in Venous Thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-11-05)Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the formation of a blood clot in, most commonly, the deep veins of the lower extremities and the pulmonary circulation. VTE is a prevalent disease associated with severe short- and long-term complications. Negatively charged procoagulant phospholipids (PPL), and phosphatidylserine (PS) in particular, are vital to efficient coagulation activation, and found expressed ... -
Wuthering heights: Outcomes from pancreatic surgery and trends in treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in Norway in a post-centralization era
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-10-22)<p><i>Aim:</i> The main aim of this thesis was to explore the contemporary outcomes of pancreatic surgery and treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in Norway seen in light of the centralization process and the volume-outcome relationship. <p><i>Methods:</i> We analysed three complete national patient cohorts using prospectively gathered data from national medical quality registries. The ... -
Why is it safe – enough? Decision-making in avalanche terrain
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-10-25)The snowy mountains of the world attract an increasing number of backcountry recreationalists, but nice skiing comes with a risk. Every year about 140 people in Europe and North America lose their life in avalanche accidents. 9 out of 10 accidents are triggered by the victim or someone in their party. Therefore, improving decision-making is important. Avalanche terrain decision-making is complex ... -
When is remission remission? Elucidating the remission state in Ulcerative Colitis: a multimodal exploration
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-10-22)Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the colon that has a relapsing-remitting characteristic. The disease management consists of prolonging periods of remission and reducing relapse frequency. There is currently no universally accepted definition of remission in UC. There are different methods of establishing if a patient is in remission, but the lack of definition and ... -
Advanced methods in reproductive medicine: Application of optical nanoscopy, artificial intelligence-assisted quantitative phase microscopy and mitochondrial DNA copy numbers to assess human sperm cells
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-10-22)Declined fertility rate and population is a matter of serious concern, especially in the developed nations. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), including in vitro fertilization (IVF), have provided great hope for infertility treatment and maintaining population growth and social structure. With the help of ART, more than 8 million babies have already been born so far. Despite the worldwide ...