Blar i tittel Artikler, rapporter og annet (klinisk medisin)
Viser treff 161-180 av 1796
-
Beta cell function after weight loss : a clinical trial comparing gastric bypass surgery and intensive lifestyle intervention
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)The effects of various weight loss strategies on pancreatic beta cell function remain unclear. We aimed to compare the effect of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) on beta cell function. Design One year controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00273104). One hundred and nineteen morbidly obese participants without known diabetes from ... -
Between health care and social security : psychiatric patients and the disability pension system in Norway and Russia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2007-08-16)Background: The official statistics of persons with mental disorders who are granted disability pension (DP) in Russia and Norway indicate large differences between the countries. Methods: This qualitative explorative hypothesis-generating study is based on text analysis of the laws, regulations and guidelines, and qualitative interviews of informants representing all the organisational elements ... -
Biliverdin Reductase B Is a Plasma Biomarker for Intraplaque Hemorrhage and a Predictor of Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Symptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-24)Background: Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) is a hallmark of atherosclerotic plaque instability. Biliverdin reductase B (BLVRB) is enriched in plasma and plaques from patients with symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis and functionally associated with IPH. Objective: We explored the biomarker potential of plasma BLVRB through (1) its correlation with IPH in carotid plaques assessed by magnetic resonance ... -
Biological membranes in EV biogenesis, stability, uptake, and cargo transfer: an ISEV position paper arising from the ISEV membranes and EVs workshop
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-08)Paracrine and endocrine roles have increasingly been ascribed to extracellular vesicles (EVs) generated by multicellular organisms. Central to the biogenesis, content, and function of EVs are their delimiting lipid bilayer membranes. To evaluate research progress on membranes and EVs, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) conducted a workshop in March 2018 in Baltimore, Maryland, ... -
Bipolar radiofrequency neurotomy for spinal pain - A promising technique but still some steps to go
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-02) -
BK polyomavirus evades innate immune sensing by disrupting the mitochondrial network and promotes mitophagy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-10)Immune escape contributes to viral persistence, yet little is known about human polyomaviruses. BK-polyomavirus (BKPyV) asymptomatically infects 90% of humans but causes premature allograft failure in kidney transplant patients. Despite virus-specific T cells and neutralizing antibodies, BKPyV persists in kidneys and evades immune control as evidenced by urinary shedding in immunocompetent individuals. ... -
Blir retningslinjer for behandling av mindre alvorlige hodeskader fulgt?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-03)<p><b>BAKGRUNN</b> De skandinaviske retningslinjene for akutt håndtering av voksne med minimal, lett eller moderat hodeskade har som mål å identifisere pasienter med risiko for å utvikle intrakranialt hematom samt å unngå unødvendig computertomografi (CT) og sykehusinnleggelse. Vi undersøkte etterlevelsen av retningslinjene ved Universitetssykehuset Nord-Norge Tromsø. <p><b>MATERIALE OG ... -
Blood pressure and age-related GFR decline in the general population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-28)Background: <br> Hypertension is one of the most important causes of end-stage renal disease, but it is unclear whether elevated blood pressure (BP) also accelerates the gradual decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) seen in the general population with increasing age. The reason may be that most studies have considered only baseline BP and not the effects of changes in BP, antihypertensive ... -
Blood pressure target achievement and antihypertensive medication use in women and men after first-ever myocardial infarction: the Tromsø Study 1994-2016
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-03)Background: <br> Recurrent cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction (MI) are frequent, and gender differences in blood pressure treatment have been reported. Despite increased focus on secondary prevention, recent reports indicate that treatment targets are not achieved. There is a need for gender-specific analyses of post-MI blood pressure treatment target achievement and ... -
Blood Pressure Treatment in Kidney Transplant Recipients - Can We Improve?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-25)<i>Background</i> - Hypertension in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients is common, affecting both patient and graft survival. Annual data from the Norwegian Renal Registry reveal that <50% of adult (>18 y) KTx recipients reach target blood pressure (BP) ≤130/80 mm Hg. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of failure to achieve BP control.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - In conjunction ... -
Blood pressure-lowering treatment for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation: An individual participant data meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-01)Purpose: To evaluate the influence of coma on manifest refractive cylinder (MRC) in eyes with coma-dominated corneal optics and suggest alternative guidelines for surgical planning of astigmatism correction in topography-guided ablation and toric intraocular lens (IOL) exchange surgery.<p> <p>Methods: Twelve eyes with coma-dominant corneal optics and low lenticular astigmatism were selected. The ... -
Bone matrix levels of Dickkopf and sclerostin are positively correlated with bone mass and strength in postmenopausal osteoporosis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-03)Wnt signaling plays a pivotal role in maintaining bone mass. Secreted pathway modulators such as sclerostin (SOST) and Dickkopfs (DKKs) may influence bone mass inhibiting the canonical Wnt pathway. We evaluated whether bone protein content of secreted Wnt antagonists is related to age, bone mass, and strength in postmenopausal osteoporosis. We measured cortical and trabecular bone contents of SOST ... -
Bone trait ranking in the population is not established during antenatal growth but is robustly established in the first postnatal year
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-17)Efforts to understand the pathophysiology of bone fragility must focus on bone traits during growth. We hypothesized that variance in individual trait ranking in the population distribution is established by genetic factors and is reflected in foetal trait ranking in early pregnancy, but intrauterine factors modify trait ranking in late pregnancy, followed by the reinstating of this ranking during ... -
Both brain size and biological sex contribute to variation in white matter microstructure in middle-aged healthy adults
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-03)Whether head size and/or biological sex influence proxies of white matter (WM) microstructure such as fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) remains controversial. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices are also associated with age, but there are large discrepancies in the spatial distribution and timeline of age-related differences reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ... -
Bradykinin-Induced Shock Increase Exhaled Nitric Oxide, Complement Activation and Cytokine Production in Pigs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-04)Bradykinin is an important mediator in blood pressure regulation, ischemic precondition and capillary leakage, allergy, anaphylaxis, inflammation, and nociception, at least partly via the generation of nitric oxide (NO). Macrophages are particularly abundant in the porcine lung circulation. Upon bradykinin binding macrophages release cytokines and endothelial ... -
Brain Damage Treated with Non Proven Intensive Training 2003-2011: A Norwegian Cost Analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2012)There has been an increased request for intensive training and rehabilitation of patients with brain damage in Norway. These programs are demanding with regard to personnel, travelling, time and economic resources. We aimed to indicate cost and gain to make these programs cost-effective. A retrospective study included all patients referred to the Northern Norway Regional Health Authority (NNRHA) ... -
Brain death and postmortem organ donation: report of a questionnaire from the CENTER-TBI study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-16)<p><i>Background</i>: We aimed to investigate the extent of the agreement on practices around brain death and postmortem organ donation.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Investigators from 67 Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study centers completed several questionnaires (response rate: 99%).</p> <p><i>Results</i>: Regarding practices around ... -
Brain Metastases Research 1990-2010: Pattern of Citation and Systematic Review of Highly Cited Articles
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)High and continuously increasing research activity related to different aspects of prevention, prediction, diagnosis and treatment of brain metastases has been performed between 1990 and 2010. One of the major databases contains 2695 scientific articles that were published during this time period. Different measures of impact, visibility, and quality of published research are available, each with ... -
Brain Metastases: Is There Still a Role for Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-27)Whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) has commonly been prescribed to palliate symptoms from brain metastases, to reduce the risk of local relapse after surgical resection, and to improve distant brain control after resection or radiosurgery. While targeting micrometastases throughout the brain can be considered advantageous, the simultaneous exposure of healthy brain tissue might cause adverse events. ... -
Brief Report: The Genetic Profile of Rheumatoid Factor–Positive Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Resembles That of Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-09)<i><p>Objective</i>: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) comprises 7 heterogeneous categories of chronic childhood arthritides. Approximately 5% of children with JIA have rheumatoid factor (RF)–positive arthritis, which phenotypically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our objective was to compare and contrast the genetics of RF‐positive polyarticular JIA with those of RA and selected other ...