Artikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin): Nye registreringer

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    • Designing medical internship to improve recruitment and retention of doctors in rural areas 

      Gaski, Margrete; Abelsen, Birgit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-18)
      Background: The medical internship as a way of exposing young doctors to training in a rural context is regarded as a useful tool to recruit and retain doctors in rural areas. Norwegian health authorities tested an arrangement of early sign-up for medical internships in the Finnmark County in Norway.<p> Objective: To report on the effects of the early sign-up for medical internship.<p> Design: ...

    • Under-reporting of major birth defects in Northwest Russia: a registry-based study 

      Kovalenko, Anton Alexandrovich; Brenn, Tormod; Odland, Jon Øyvind; Nieboer, Evert; Krettek, Alexandra; Anda, Erik Eik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-30)
      The objective was to assess the prevalence of selected major birth defects, based on data from two medical registries in Murmansk County, and compare the observed rates with those available for Norway and Arkhangelsk County, Northwest Russia. It included all newborns (≥22 completed weeks of gestation) registered in the Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR) and born between 1 January 2006 and 31 ...

    • Hepcidin levels and gastric cancer risk in the EPIC-EurGast study 

      Jakszyn, Paula; Fonseca-Nunes, Ana; Lujan-Barroso, Leila; Aranda, Núria; Tous, Monica; Arija, Victoria; Cross, Amanda; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Kühn, Tilman; Kaaks, Rudolf; Sjöberg, Klas; Tumino, Rosario; Palli, Domenico; Ricceri, Fulvio; Fasanelli, Francesca; Krogh, Vittorio; Mattiello, Amalia; Jenab, Mazda; Gunter, Marc; Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Overvad, Kim; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Peppa, Eleni; Vasilopoulou, Effie; Boeing, Heiner; Sánchez-Cantalejo, Emilio; Dorronsoro, Miren; Barricarte, Aurelio; Quiros, Jose Maria; Peeters, Petra H; Agudo, Antonio (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-06-21)
      Hepcidin is the main regulator of iron homeostasis and dysregulation of proteins involved in iron metabolism has been associated with tumorogenesis. However, to date, no epidemiological study has researched the association between hepcidin levels and gastric cancer risk. To further investigate the relationship between hepcidin levels and gastric cancer risk, we conducted a nested case-control study ...

    • Menopausal hormone therapy and colorectal cancer: a linkage between nationwide registries in Norway. 

      Botteri, Edoardo; Støer, Nathalie Charlotte; Sakshaug, Solveig; Graff-Iversen, Sidsel; Vangen, Siri; Hofvind, Solveig; de Lange, Thomas; Bagnardi, Vincenzo; Ursin, Giske; Weiderpass, Elisabete (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-15)
      Objectives: <br> With the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between menopausal hormone therapy (HT) and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). <br> Setting: <br> Cohort study based on the linkage of Norwegian population-based registries. <br> Participants: <br> We selected 466822 Norwegian women, aged 55–79, alive and residing in Norway as of 1 January 2004, and we followed ...

    • Association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based Tromsø study, 2001-2015 

      Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Gram, Inger Torhild; Mannsverk, Jan T.; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Njølstad, Inger; Schirmer, Henrik; Wilsgaard, Tom; Jacobsen, Bjarne K. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-28)
      Objectives: <br> There is a shift in the smoking population from daily smokers to light or occasional smokers. The knowledge about possible adverse health effects of this new smoking pattern is limited. We investigated smoking habits with focus on occasional smoking in relation to total mortality in a follow-up study of a Norwegian general population. <br> Setting: <br> A population study ...

    • Longitudinal and secular trends in total cholesterol levels and impact of lipid-lowering drug use among Norwegian women and men born in 1905–1977 in the population-based Tromsø Study 1979–2016 

      Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Bønaa, Kaare; Eggen, Anne Elise; Grimsgaard, Sameline; Jacobsen, Bjarne K.; Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Njølstad, Inger; Wilsgaard, Tom (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-21)
      Objectives: <br> Elevated blood cholesterol is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol level surveillance is necessary to study population disease burden, consider priorities for prevention and intervention and understand the effect of diet, lifestyle and treatment. Previous studies show a cholesterol decline in recent decades but lack data to follow individuals born ...

    • Patients on outpatient commitment orders in Northern Norway 

      Riley, Henriette; Straume, Bjørn; Høyer, Georg (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-05-02)
      Background:<br> In recent years, an increasing number of countries have introduced outpatient commitment orders (OC), which imply that patients can be subject to compulsory follow-up and treatment while living in the community. However, few studies on how OC is practised have been published. <br> Method: <br> Retrospective case register study based on medical files of all patients receiving an ...

    • Dental caries experience and determinants in young adults of the Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, North-West Russia: a cross-sectional study 

      Drachev, Sergei; Brenn, Tormod; Trovik, Tordis A (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-28)
      <p><i>Background - </i>Little information exists about the experience of and risk factors for dental caries in young adults in Russia. We investigated dental caries experience and determinants in medical and dental students in North-West Russia. </p> <p><i>Methods - </i>This cross-sectional study included 442 medical and 309 dental undergraduate students of Russian nationality aged 18–25 years ...

    • Do medical students and young physicians assess reliably their self-efficacy regarding communication skills? A prospective study from end of medical school until end of internship 

      Gude, Tore; Finset, Arnstein; Anvik, Tor; Bærheim, Anders; Fasmer, Ole Bernt; Grimstad, Hilde; Vaglum, Per (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-30)
      Background: <br> This prospective study from end of medical school through internship investigates the course and possible change of self- reported self-efficacy in communication skills compared with observers’ ratings of such skills in consultations with simulated patients. <br> Methods: <br> Sixty-two medical students (43 females) from four Norwegian universities performed a videotaped consultation ...

    • The effect of referral templates on out-patient quality of care in a hospital setting: a cluster randomized controlled trial 

      Wåhlberg, Henrik; Valle, Per Christian; Malm, Siri; Hovde, Øistein; Broderstad, Ann Ragnhild (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-07)
      <p><i>Background - </i>The assessment of quality of care is an integral part of modern medicine. The referral represents the handing over of care from the general practitioner to the specialist. This study aimed to assess whether an improved referral could lead to improved quality of care. <p><i>Methods - </i> A cluster randomized trial with the general practitioner surgery as the clustering unit ...

    • Levels and trends of contaminants in humans of the Arctic 

      Gibson, Jennifer; Adlard, Bryan; Olafsdottir, Kristin; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Odland, Jon Øyvind (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-12-13)
      The Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) is one of the six working groups established under the Arctic Council. AMAP is tasked with monitoring the levels of contaminants present in the Arctic environment and people as well as assessing their effects on a continuous basis, and reporting these results regularly. Most of the presented data have been collected over the last 20 years and are ...

    • Reduction of in utero lead exposures in South African populations: Positive impact of unleaded petrol 

      Röllin, Halina B.; Olutola, Bukola G; Channa, Kalavati; Odland, Jon Øyvind (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-16)
      Background:<br>Prenatal exposure to lead (Pb) has been shown to have negative and irreversible health impacts on foetal and early childhood development, affecting morbidity and mortality in adulthood. This study aimed to assess in utero Pb exposure, examine birth outcomes, and identify confounding factors in the large cohort of South African population, following the legislated removal of Pb from ...

    • Knowledge about human papillomavirus and prevention of cervical cancer among women of Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia 

      Roik, Elena Evgenievna; Sharashova, Ekaterina; Nieboer, Evert; Kharkova, Olga Alexandrovna; Postoev, Vitalij A.; Odland, Jon Øyvind (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-13)
      <p><i>Background - </i>Knowledge about cervical cancer (CC) risk factors and benefits of CC prevention motivates women to participate in its screening. However, several studies show that there is a significant knowledge deficit worldwide about human papillomavirus (HPV). The current study explores the level of knowledge about HPV and CC prevention in the context of sociodemographic and behavioral ...

    • Occupational variation in incidence of bladder cancer: A comparison of population-representative cohorts from Nordic countries and Canada 

      Hadkhale, Kishor; Macleod, Jill; Demers, Paul A.; Martinsen, Jan Ivar; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Kjærheim, Kristina; Lynge, Elsebeth; Sparén, Pär; Tryggvadóttir, Laufey; Harris, M. Anne; Tjepkema, Michael; Peters, Paul A.; Pukkala, Eero (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-04)
      Objectives:<br>The objective of this study was to compare occupational variation of the risk of bladder cancer in the Nordic countries and Canada.<br>Methods:<br>In the Nordic Occupational Cancer study (NOCCA), 73 653 bladder cancer cases were observed during follow-up of 141.6 million person-years. In the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC), 8170 cases were observed during ...

    • Genome-wide association study identifies multiple risk loci for renal cell carcinoma 

      Scelo, Ghislaine; Purdue, Mark P.; Brown, Kevin M.; Johansson, Mattias; Wang, Zhaoming; Eckel-Passow, Jeanette E.; Ye, Yuanqing; Hofmann, Jonathan N.; Choi, Jiyeon; Foll, Matthieu; Gaborieau, Valerie; Machiela, Mitchell J.; Colli, Leandro M.; Li, Peng; Sampson, Joshua N.; Abedi-Ardekani, Behnoush; Besse, Celine; Blanche, Helene; Boland, Anne; Burdette, Laurie; Chabrier, Amelie; Durand, Geoffroy; Le Calvez-Kelm, Florence; Prokhortchouk, Egor; Robinot, Nivonirina; Skryabin, Konstantin G.; Wozniak, Magdalena B.; Yeager, Meredith; Basta-Jovanovic, Gordana; Dzamic, Zoran; Foretova, Lenka; Holcatova, Ivana; Janout, Vladimir; Mates, Dana; Mukeriya, Anush; Rascu, Stefan; Zaridze, David; Bencko, Vladimir; Cybulski, Cezary; Fabianova, Eleonora; Jinga, Viorel; Lissowska, Jolanta; Lubinski, Jan; Navratilova, Marie; Rudnai, Peter; Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonila; Benhamou, Simone; Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine; Cussenot, Olivier; Baglietto, Laura; Boeing, Heiner; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Ljungberg, Börje; Sitaram, Raviprakash T.; Bruinsma, Fiona; Jordan, Susan J.; Severi, Gianluca; Winship, Ingrid; Hveem, Kristian; Vatten, Lars Johan; Fletcher, Tony; Koppova, Kvetoslava; Larsson, Susanna C.; Wolk, Alicja; Banks, Rosamonde E.; Selby, Peter J.; Easton, Douglas F.; Pharoah, Paul; Andreotti, Gabriella; Freeman, Laura E Beane; Koutros, Stella; Albanes, Demetrius; Männistö, Satu; Weinstein, Stephanie; Clark, Peter E.; Edwards, Todd L.; Lipworth, Loren; Gapstur, Susan M.; Stevens, Victoria L.; Carol, Hallie; Freedman, Matthew L.; Pomerantz, Mark M.; Cho, Eunyoung; Kraft, Peter; Preston, Mark A.; Wilson, Kathryn M.; Gaziano, J. Michael; Sesso, Howard D.; Black, Amanda; Freedman, Neal D.; Huang, Wen-Yi; Anema, John G.; Kahnoski, Richard J.; Lane, Brian R.; Noyes, Sabrina L.; Petillo, David; Teh, Bin Tean; Peters, Ulrike; White, Emily; Anderson, Garnet L.; Johnson, Lisa; Luo, Juhua; Buring, Julie; Lee, I-Min; Chow, Wong-Ho; Moore, Lee E.; Wood, Christopher; Eisen, Timothy; Henrion, Marc; Larkin, James; Barman, Poulami; Leibovich, Bradley C.; Choueiri, Toni K.; Lathrop, G. Mark; Rothman, Nathaniel; Deleuze, Jean-Francois; McKay, James D.; Parker, Alexander S.; Wu, Xifeng; Houlston, Richard S.; Brennan, Paul; Chanock, Stephen J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-09)
      Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified six risk loci for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We conducted a meta-analysis of two new scans of 5,198 cases and 7,331 controls together with four existing scans, totalling 10,784 cases and 20,406 controls of European ancestry. Twenty-four loci were tested in an additional 3,182 cases and 6,301 controls. We confirm the six known RCC risk ...

    • Sensitivity of self-reported opioid use in case-control studies: Healthy individuals versus hospitalized patients 

      Rashidian, Hamideh; Hadji, Maryam; Marzban, Maryam; Gholipour, Mahin; Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin; Kamangar, Farin; Malekzadeh, Reza; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Rezaianzadeh, Abbas; Moradi, Abdolvahab; Babhadi-Ashar, Nima; Ghiasvand, Reza; Khavari-Daneshvar, Hossein; Haghdoost, Ali Akbar; Zendehdel, Kazem (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-30)
      Background:<br>Several case-control studies have shown associations between the risk of different cancers and self-reported opium use. Inquiring into relatively sensitive issues, such as the history of drug use, is usually prone to information bias. However, in order to justify the findings of these types of studies, we have to quantify the level of such a negative bias. In current study, we aimed ...

    • Sun exposure and psychotic experiences 

      Pilecka, Izabela; Sandin, Sven; Reichenberg, Abraham; Scragg, Robert K.R.; David, Anthony; Weiderpass, Elisabete (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-19)
      Objective:<br>Sun exposure is considered the single most important source of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency has been suggested to play a role in the etiology of psychotic disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between sun exposure and psychotic experiences (PEs) in a general population sample of Swedish women.<br>Methods:<br>The study population included participants ...

    • Osteoprotegerin and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor subtype: A nested case-control study in the EPIC cohort 

      Fortner, Renée T.; Sarink, Danja; Schock, Helena; Johnson, Theron; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Overvad, Kim; Affret, Aurelie; His, Mathilde; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Naska, Androniki; Orfanos, Philippos; Palli, Domenico; Sieri, Sabina; Mattiello, Amalia; Tumino, Rosario; Ricceri, Fulvio; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Peeters, Petra H.M.; van Gils, Carla H.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Lund, Eiliv; Quirós, J. Ramón; Agudo, Antonio; Sánchez, María-José; Chirlaque, María-Dolores; Ardanaz, Eva; Dorronsoro, Miren; Key, Tim; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Rinaldi, Sabina; Dossus, Laure; Gunter, Marc; Merritt, Melissa A.; Riboli, Elio; Kaaks, Rudolf (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-08)
      Background:<br>Circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG), a member of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) axis, may influence breast cancer risk via its role as the decoy receptor for both the RANK ligand (RANKL) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Circulating OPG and breast cancer risk has been examined in only one prior study.<br>Methods:<br>A case-control ...

    • Exposure to bacterial products lipopolysaccharide and flagellin and hepatocellular carcinoma: A nested case-control study 

      Fedirko, Veronika; Tran, Hao Quang; Gewirtz, Andrew T.; Stepien, Magdalena; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Aleksandrova, Krasimira; Olsen, Anja; Tjønneland, Anne; Overvad, Kim; Carbonnel, Franck; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Severi, Gianluca; Kühn, Tilman; Kaaks, Rudolf; Boeing, Heiner; Bamia, Christina; Lagiou, Pagona; Grioni, Sara; Panico, Salvatore; Palli, Domenico; Tumino, Rosario; Naccarati, Alessio; Peeters, Petra H.; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Castaño, José María Huerta; Barricarte, Aurelio; Sánchez, María-José; Dorronsoro, Miren; Quirós, José Ramón; Agudo, Antonio; Sjöberg, Klas; Ohlsson, Bodil; Hemmingsson, Oskar; Werner, Mårten; Bradbury, Kathryn E.; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nick; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Aune, Dagfinn; Scalbert, Augustin; Romieu, Isabelle; Riboli, Elio; Jenab, Mazda (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-04)
      Background:<br>Leakage of bacterial products across the gut barrier may play a role in liver diseases which often precede the development of liver cancer. However, human studies, particularly from prospective settings, are lacking.<br>Methods:<br>We used a case-control study design nested within a large prospective cohort to assess the association between circulating levels of anti-lipopolysaccharide ...

    • Prevalence and risk factors associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among women of reproductive age in Swaziland 

      Ginindza, Themba G.; Stefan, Cristina D.; Tsoka-Gwegweni, Joyce M.; Dlamini, Xolisile; Jolly, Pauline E.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Broutet, Nathalie; Sartorius, Benn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-05-25)
      Background:<br>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain an important public health problem with approximately half a billion new cases annually among persons aged 15–49 years. Epidemiological data on STIs among women of reproductive age in Swaziland are limited. The availability of epidemiological data on STIs and associated risk factors in this population is essential for the development of ...