Institutt for medisinsk biologi: Recent submissions

Now showing items 441-460 of 1205

    • Structural basis of p62/SQSTM1 helical filaments and their role in cellular cargo uptake 

      Jakobi, Arjen J.; Huber, Stefan T.; Mortensen, Simon A.; Schultz, Sebastian; Palara, Anthimi; Kuhm, Tanja; Shrestha, Birendra Kumar; Lamark, Trond; Hagen, Wim J.H.; Wilmanns, Matthias; Johansen, Terje; Brech, Andreas; Sachse, Carsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-23)
      p62/SQSTM1 is an autophagy receptor and signaling adaptor with an N-terminal PB1 domain that forms the scaffold of phase-separated p62 bodies in the cell. The molecular determinants that govern PB1 domain filament formation in vitro remain to be determined and the role of p62 filaments inside the cell is currently unclear. We here determine four high-resolution cryo-EM structures of different human ...

    • Role of Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Development of Multidrug Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae 

      Hegstad, Kristin; Mylvaganam, Haima; Janice, Jessin; Josefsen, Ellen H.; Sivertsen, Audun; Skaare, Dagfinn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-29)
      <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> colonizes the respiratory tract in humans and causes both invasive and noninvasive infections. Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in <i>H. influenzae</i> is rare in Europe. In this study, we defined acquired resistance gene loci and <i>ftsI</i> mutations in multidrug-resistant (MDR) and/or PBP3-mediated beta-lactam-resistant (rPBP3) <i>H. influenzae</i> ...

    • Loss of S100A14 expression at the tumor-invading front correlates with poor differentiation and worse prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma 

      Pandey, Sushma; Osman, Tarig Al-Hadi; Sharma, Sunita; Vallenari, Evan Michael; Shahdafar, Aboulghassem; Pun, Chin B.; Gautam, Dej K.; Uhlin-Hansen, Lars; Rikardsen, Oddveig G; Johannessen, Anne Christine; Costea, Daniela Elena; Sapkota, Dipak (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-23)
      <i>Background</i> - We previously showed a tumor‐suppressive function of S100A14 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to examine the prognostic significance and differentiation‐related function of S100A14 in OSCC.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - S100A14 expression was examined in 170 OSCCs from Norwegian and Nepalese populations using immunohistochemistry. Pro‐differentiation function ...

    • Serum levels of inflammation-related markers and metabolites predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with and without bevacizumab in breast cancers 

      Nome, Marianne Eikhom; Euceda, Leslie R.; Jabeen, Shakila; Debik, Julia; Bathen, Tone Frost; Giskeødegård, Guro F.; Tasken, Kristin Austlid; Mælandsmo, Gunhild Mari; Halvorsen, Bente; Yndestad, Arne; Borgen, Elin; Garred, Øystein; Aukrust, Pål; Ueland, Thor; Engebraaten, Olav; Kristensen, Vessela N.; Tekpli, Xavier (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-24)
      Angiogenesis is necessary for tumor growth and has been targeted in breast cancer; however, it is unclear which patients will respond and benefit from antiangiogenic therapy. We report noninvasive monitoring of patient response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy given alone or in combination with anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (bevacizumab) in a randomized clinical trial. At four time points during ...

    • Regulation of urokinase receptor (uPAR) cleavage by cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in oral cancer 

      Kitaw, Manyahilishal Etana (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)
      Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the frequently diagnosed type of oral cancers and is a leading cause of cancer associated mortality and morbidity worldwide. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts that are found in association with cancer cells. CAFs are the most abundant stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the TME, cell interactions mediated ...

    • Identifying Staphylococcus haemolyticus surface proteins. Development of a novel method for detection of bacterial surface proteins expressed during colonisation of human keratinocytes 

      Wolden, Runa (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-05-15)
      The aim was to develop a method for identification of expressed surface proteins of Staphylococcus haemolyticus when colonising human keratinocytes. S. haemolyticus and HaCaT cells were grown together and separated with FACS prior to surface protein shaving using the LPI™FlowCell technology (Nanoxis Consulting AB). TMT-tags were used to investigate up- and downregulation of proteins comparing S. ...

    • Immune-modulating properties of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and their changes during radiotherapy. In vitro study of primary non-small cell lung carcinoma-associated fibroblasts 

      Gorchs, Laia (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-05-15)
      Background/aim of the study: Carcinoma-associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) comprise a heterogeneous population of cells and often represent the major cellular component of solid malignancies playing critical roles in tumor progression and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to gain more knowledge on the immunosuppressive traits of CAFs isolated from non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC), and to ...

    • Moderate but not severe hypothermia causes pro-arrhythmic changes in cardiac electrophysiology 

      Dietrichs, Erik Sveberg; McGlynn, Karen; Allan, Andrew; Connolly, Adam; Bishop, Martin; Burton, Francis; Kettlewell, Sarah; Myles, Rachel; Tveita, Torkjel; Smith, Godfrey L (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-02-07)
      <i>Aims</i> - Treatment of arrhythmias evoked by hypothermia/rewarming remains challenging, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This <i>in vitro</i> experimental study assessed cardiac electrophysiology in isolated rabbit hearts at temperatures occurring in therapeutic and accidental hypothermia.<p><p> <i>Methods and results</i> - Detailed ECG, surface electrogram, and panoramic optical ...

    • Study of human PRKAR1A and its role in autophagy 

      Lamsal, Apsana (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-05-11)
      The human PRKAR1A gene is a 381- amino acid protein encoding the regulatory subunit (RIα) of the cAMP dependent Protein Kinase A (PKA). The main function of PRKAR1A is to regulate the catalytic activity of PKA. PRKAR1A is shown to regulate autophagy via association with mTOR kinase and colocalization with the autophagy marker proteins LC3B, Rab7 and Rab9. Contradictory findings regarding the ...

    • Dietary calanus oil recovers metabolic flexibility and rescues postischemic cardiac function in obese female mice 

      Jansen, Kirsten; Moreno, Sonia; Garcia-Roves, Pablo M; Larsen, Terje (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-16)
      The aim of this study was to find out whether dietary supplementation with Calanus oil (a novel marine oil) or infusion of exenatide (an incretin mimetic) could counteract obesity-induced alterations in myocardial metabolism and improve postischemic recovery of left ventricular (LV) function. Female C57bl/6J mice received high-fat diet (HFD, 45% energy from fat) for 12 wk followed by 8-wk feeding ...

    • Drug-Loaded Photosensitizer-Chitosan Nanoparticles for Combinatorial Chemo- and Photodynamic-Therapy of Cancer 

      Pandya, Abhilash D.; Øverbye, Anders; Sahariah, Priyanka; Gaware, Vivek S.; Høgset, Håkon; Masson, Már; Høgset, Anders; Mælandsmo, Gunhild Mari; Skotland, Tore; Sandvig, Kirsten; Iversen, Tore Geir (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-02-24)
      In this study we have developed biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) containing the cytostatic drugs mertansine (MRT) or cabazitaxel (CBZ). The NPs are based on chitosan (CS) conjugate polymers synthesized with different amounts of the photosensitizer tetraphenylchlorin (TPC). These TPC–CS NPs have high loading capacity and strong drug retention due to π–π stacking interactions between the ...

    • Antibiotikaresistens - globalt, lokalt, i dag och i morgon 

      Lund, Bodil Kristina; Klinge, Björn; Larsen, Tove; Olsvik, Ørjan; Vällimaa, Hannamari (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-09)
      Antibiotikaresistensen ökar kraftigt, och i dag pågår ett internationellt samarbete för att motverka detta. Antibiotikaförskrivningen i tandvården i de nordiska länderna är ur ett internationellt perspektiv låg. Det finns dock en del indikationer på att denna kan reduceras ytterligare.

    • Tandvårdsturism - ökad risk för folkhälsan 

      Olsvik, Ørjan; Lund, Bodil Kristina (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-09)
      Så kallad medicinsk turism, att kombinera elektiv vård utomlands med semester, ökar kraftigt. Medicinsk turism kan skapa såväl kulturella, ekonomiska, etiska, legala och medicinska problem genom import av smittsamma sjukdomar till hemlandet. Patienter som väljer att söka vård utomlands bör vara införstådda med att det kan medföra en ökad risk att bli infekterad av antibiotikaresistenta bakterier.

    • Tumor lysis with LTX-401 creates anticancer immunity 

      Xie, Wei; Mondragon, Laura; Mauseth, Brynjar; Wang, Yan; Pol, Jonathan; Levesque, Sarah; Zhou, Heng; Yamazaki, Takahiro; Eksteen, Jacobus Johannes; Zitvogel, Laurence; Sveinbjørnsson, Baldur; Rekdal, Øystein; Kepp, Oliver; Kroemer, Guido (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-13)
      Local immunotherapies such as the intratumoral injection of oncolytic compounds aim at reinstating and enhancing systemic anticancer immune responses. LTX-315 is a first-in-class, clinically evaluated oncolytic peptide-based local immunotherapy that meets these criteria. Here, we show that LTX-401, yet another oncolytic compound designed for local immunotherapy, depicts a similar safety profile and ...

    • NIMA-related kinase 9–mediated phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated LC3B protein at Thr-50 suppresses selective autophagy of p62/sequestosome 1 

      Shrestha, Birendra Kumar; Rasmussen, Mads Skytte; Abudu, Yakubu Princely; Bruun, Jack-Ansgar; Larsen, Kenneth Bowitz; Alemu, Endalkachew Ashenafi; Sjøttem, Eva; Lamark, Trond; Johansen, Terje (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-19)
      Human ATG8 family proteins (ATG8s) are active in all steps of the macroautophagy pathway, and their lipidation is essential for autophagosome formation. Lipidated ATG8s anchored to the outer surface of the phagophore serve as scaffolds for binding of other core autophagy proteins and various effector proteins involved in trafficking or fusion events, whereas those at the inner surface are needed for ...

    • Detection of tissue factor in platelets: why is it so troublesome? 

      Østerud, Bjarne; Bouchard, Beth A (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-30)
      Tissue factor (TF) is the most important trigger for the extrinsic coagulation pathway. TF, earlier denoted as thromboplastin, has always been a mystery since its discovery due to its abundant presence in most human tissues but not blood. The latter has been extensively studied in a vast quest for possible sources of blood-borne TF yielding many conflicting findings and confusing conclusions regarding ...

    • LTX-315 sequentially promotes lymphocyte-independent and lymphocyte-dependent antitumor effects 

      Liao, Hsin-Wei; Garris, Christopher; Pfirschke, Christina; Rickelt, Steffen; Arlauckas, Sean; Siwicki, Marie; Kohler, Rainer; Weissleder, Ralph; Sundvold-Gjerstad, Vibeke; Sveinbjørnsson, Baldur; Rekdal, Øystein; Pittet, Mikael J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-14)
      LTX-315 is an oncolytic peptide that has antitumor efficacy in mice grafted with various tumor cell lines and is currently being tested in phase II clinical trials. Here we aimed to further evaluate LTX-315 in conditional genetic mouse models of cancer that typically resist current treatment options and to better understand the drug’s mode of action in vivo. We report LTX-315 mediates profound ...

    • Murine models for studying treatment, prevention and pathogenesis of FNAIT 

      Rasmussen, Trude Victoria; Ahlen, Maria Therese (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-31)
      Maternal alloimmunization to paternally inherited antigens on fetal/neonatal platelets can cause fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) after antibody-mediated removal of platelets from the fetal circulation. The complications vary from mild bleeding symptoms to severe intracranial hemorrhage and subsequent neurological impairment or death. Studies on <i>in vivo</i> mechanisms are ...

    • Efficacy of mecillinam against clinical multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in a murine urinary tract infection model 

      Zykov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Frimodt-Møller, Niels; Småbrekke, Lars; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Samuelsen, Ørjan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-23)
      Pivmecillinam, a pro-drug of mecillinam, has been used extensively in Scandinavia for the treatment of acute lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Enterobacterales. It is still an attractive first-line drug for the empirical treatment of UTIs owing to the low prevalence of resistance as well as its favourable impact on the intestinal microbiota as a pro-drug and good in vitro efficacy ...

    • Microbial risk factors for treatment failure of pivmecillinam in community‐acquired urinary tract infections caused by ESBL‐producing Escherichia coli 

      Syre, Heidi; Hetland, Marit; Bernhoff, Eva; Bollestad, Marianne; Grude, Nils; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; Löhr, Iren Høyland (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-22)
      The aim of this study was to identify microbial risk factors for treatment failure of pivmecillinam in community‐acquired urinary tract infections (ca‐UTIs) caused by ESBL‐producing Escherichia coli. Eighty‐nine ESBL‐producing E. coli isolated from women suffering from ca‐UTIs were included. The susceptibilities to mecillinam were determined using MIC gradient strip. Whole genome sequencing was ...