Institutt for medisinsk biologi: Nye registreringer
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Optimisation of high-resolution fluorescence microscopy of normal- and preeclamptic placentas
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-08-14)Preeclampsia (PE) affects 3-5 % of pregnant women and may lead to maternal and/or fetal death. The main theory of PE is placental ischemia, leading to a dysfunctional placenta and clinical signs as hypertension and proteinuria in the mother. The primary aim of the thesis was to implement and optimise a method for high-resolution microscopy of placental cryo-sections. Secondary aims were to compare ... -
A Novel Truncated Form of Nephronectin Is Present in Small Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from 66cl4 Cells
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-01)Extracellular vesicles are emerging as biomarkers in breast cancer. Our recent report suggested that an intracellular granular staining pattern of the extracellular matrix protein nephronectin (NPNT) in breast tumor sections correlated with a poor prognosis. Furthermore, the results showed that NPNT is localized in extracellular vesicles derived from mouse breast cancer cells. In this study, we ... -
Biological stain collection – Absorbing paper is superior to cotton swabs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-14)Biological evidence at crime scenes often contains very small amounts of DNA. Therefore, it is important to use the most effective sampling devices and procedures for stain collection. Currently, cotton swabs moistened with water are widely used, also in our laboratory. However, several studies have shown that other methods may be more efficient.<p> <p>In this study, we compared the DNA sampling ... -
MiRNAs‐181a/b therapy in lung cancer: reality or myth?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-03)Despite substantial progress in oncology, lung cancer remains the number one malignancy in terms of both incidence and mortality rates, and there thus remains an urgent need for new therapeutic alternatives. MicroRNA (miRNA) have an important role in cancer initiation and progression due to their capacity to interfere with transcriptional signaling and regulate key cellular processes. miR‐181a and ... -
Genetic relationships of European, Mediterranean, and SW Asian populations using a panel of 55 AISNPs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-08)The set of 55 ancestry informative SNPs (AISNPs) originally developed by the Kidd Lab has been studied on a large number of populations and continues to be applied to new population samples. The existing reference database of population samples allows the relationships of new population samples to be inferred on a global level. Analyses show that these autosomal markers constitute one of the better ... -
Significance of progesterone receptors (PR-A and PR-B) expression as predictors for relapse after successful therapy of endometrial hyperplasia: a retrospective cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-25)<p><i>Objective - </i>After successful progestin therapy for endometrial hyperplasia (EH), the risk of relapse remains. We aimed to assess if immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of progesterone receptor isoforms, PR‐A and PR‐B, in endometrial glands and stroma in pre‐treatment endometrial biopsies was related to relapse of EH. <p><i>Design and setting - </i>Biopsy material originated from women ... -
Design of galardine analogs as putative psudolysin inhibitors based on ab initio fragment molecular orbital calculations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-29)Pseudolysin (PLN) is a metalloproteinase secreted from bacteria that degrades extracellular proteins to produce bacterial nutrition. It is thus expected that inhibitors against PLN can suppress the growth of bacteria and their pandemic spread. In addition, since these inhibitors do not attack to bacteria directly, there is a reduced risk for producing drug-resistant bacteria. On the other hand, as ... -
Disentangling the immune response and host-pathogen interactions in Francisella noatunensis infected Atlantic cod
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-13)The genetic repertoire underlying teleost immunity has been shown to be highly variable. A rare example is Atlantic cod and its relatives Gadiformes that lacks a hallmark of vertebrate immunity: Major Histocompatibility Complex class II. No immunological studies so far have fully unraveled the functionality of this particular immune system. Through global transcriptomic profiling, we investigate the ... -
Whole transcriptome analysis of the Atlantic cod vaccine response reveals subtle changes in adaptive immunity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-28)Atlantic cod has lost the Major Histocompatibility complex class II pathway – central to pathogen presentation, humoral response and immunity. Here, we investigate the immunological response of Atlantic cod subsequent to dip vaccination with <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i> bacterin using transcriptome sequencing. The experiment was conducted on siblings from an Atlantic cod family found to be highly ... -
Molecular determinants regulating selective binding of autophagy adapters and receptors to ATG8 proteins
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-03)Autophagy is an essential recycling and quality control pathway. Mammalian ATG8 proteins drive autophagosome formation and selective removal of protein aggregates and organelles by recruiting autophagy receptors and adaptors that contain a LC3-interacting region (LIR) motif. LIR motifs can be highly selective for ATG8 subfamily proteins (LC3s/GABARAPs), however the molecular determinants regulating ... -
MMP9 modulates the metastatic cascade and immune landscape for breast cancer anti-metastatic therapy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-14)Metastasis, the main cause of cancer-related death, has traditionally been viewed as a late-occurring process during cancer progression. Using the MMTV-PyMT luminal B breast cancer model, we demonstrate that the lung metastatic niche is established early during tumorigenesis. We found that matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is an important component of the metastatic niche early in tumorigenesis and ... -
Predicting human plasma concentrations of persistent organic pollutants from dietary intake and socio-demographic information in the Norwegian Women and Cancer study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-09)<i>Background</i> - Concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in humans are influenced by a large number of factors including birth year, reproductive history and diet. Accordingly, information on dietary habits and socio-demographic variables may predict plasma concentrations of POPs, thus enabling studies on health effects in large epidemiological studies, without performing time ... -
Circulating tumor cells as a tool for assessing tumor heterogeneity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-19)Tumor heterogeneity is the major cause of failure in cancer prognosis and prediction. Accurately detecting heterogeneity for the development of biomarkers and the detection of the clones resistant to therapy is one of the main goals of contemporary medicine. Metastases belong to the natural history of cancer. The present review gives an overview on the origin of tumor heterogeneity. Recent progress ... -
MicroRNAs in Daphnia magna identified and characterized by deep sequencing, genome mapping and manual curation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-04)MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in most organisms. The water flea, <i>Daphnia magna</i> is a key model to study phenotypic, physiological and genomic responses to environmental cues and miRNAs can potentially mediate these responses. By using deep sequencing, genome mapping and manual curations, we ... -
Tissue-infiltrating immune cells as prognostic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-27)<i>Background</i> - Various immune cells have been suggested as prognostic markers for cancer patients. In this article, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the prognostic value of tissue-infiltrating immune cells in oral cancer and discuss the reporting quality of these studies.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - We performed a systematic literature search and included ... -
Enhanced T-lymphocyte infiltration in a desmoid tumor of the thoracic wall in a young woman treated with intratumoral injections of the oncolytic peptide LTX-315: a case report
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-10)<p><i>Background - </i>Desmoid tumors are intermediary malignant, fibrous lesions occurring in various soft tissues. Surgical treatment is relentlessly challenging because of the propensity for local aggressive behavior and high risk of recurrence. Consequently, a wide range of oncological drugs and radiation therapy are being used; however, outcomes are unpredictable. We investigated whether local ... -
Glutamine to proline conversion is associated with response to glutaminase inhibition in breast cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-14)<p><i>Introduction - </i>Glutaminase inhibitors target cancer cells by blocking the conversion of glutamine to glutamate, thereby potentially interfering with anaplerosis and synthesis of amino acids and glutathione. The drug CB-839 has shown promising effects in preclinical experiments and is currently undergoing clinical trials in several human malignancies, including triple-negative breast cancer ... -
Combining the oncolytic peptide LTX-315 with doxorubicin demonstrates therapeutic potential in a triple-negative breast cancer model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-22)<i>Background</i> - Immunochemotherapy, the combined use of immunotherapy and chemotherapy, has demonstrated great promise in several cancers. LTX-315 is an oncolytic peptide with potent immunomodulatory properties designed for the local treatment of solid tumors. By inducing rapid immunogenic cell death through the release of danger-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs), LTX-315 is capable ... -
p38 MAPK activation through B7-H3-mediated DUSP10 repression promotes chemoresistance
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-09)Immunoregulatory protein B7-H3 is involved in the oncogenic and metastatic potential of cancer cells, as well as in drug resistance. Resistance to conventional chemotherapy is an important aspect of melanoma treatment, and a better understanding of how B7-H3 enhances drug resistance may lead to the development of more effective therapies. We investigated the <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> ... -
Circulating tumor cell-derived pre-clinical models for personalized medicine
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-24)The main cause of death from cancer is associated with the development of metastases, resulting from the inability of current therapies to cure patients at metastatic stages. Generating preclinical models to better characterize the evolution of the disease is thus of utmost importance, in order to implement effective new cancer biomarkers and therapies. Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) are good ...