Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak): Nye registreringer
Viser treff 441-460 av 723
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Hypothermia-induced myocardial calcium overload –a study of intracellular Ca2+ handling during profound hypothermia and rewarming
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-09-30)We performed randomized controlled experimental studies in an intact animal model and in isolated cardiac myocytes with the following aims: To establish an in vivo model for measuring cardiac intracellular [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) in an anesthetized rat with maintained spontaneous circulation. In this model we could sort out if alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis take place in response to hypothermia and ... -
The role of inflammatory pathways in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-09-23)Neuroblastoma er en type nervecellekreft hos barn. Den har en svært kompleks biologisk heterogenisitet og er i noen tilfeller resistent mot cellegift. Den aggressive varianten av neuroblastoma er vanskelig å behandle, og dødeligheten er relativ høy. Det betyr at behovet for alternative behandlingsstrategier er stort. Gjennom økt biologisk forståelse kan man utvikle mer målrettede behandlinger som ... -
Imaging in plastic surgery. A clinical and experimental study with notes on the history of medical imaging.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-04-29)This thesis is based on four papers that have imaging techniques used in breast reconstruction as the common denominator. Each paper describes the results of a study. The purpose of the first three studies was to evaluate the use of dynamic infrared thermography (DIRT) as an imaging technique for perforator mapping in breast reconstruction with a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. The ... -
Non-beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Haemophilus influenzae. Mechanisms, epidemiology and susceptibility testing
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-05-20)Haemophilus influenzae is a major pathogen, with the ability to cause a wide spectrum of invasive and non-invasive infections. Beta-lactams are first-line drugs but beta- lactam resistant strains are common. Beta-lactamase (bla) producing isolates emerged in the 1970s, and non-bla-mediated resistance due to mutations in the ftsI gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 3, denoted ‘rPBP3’ in this ... -
Resuscitate the heart and remember the brain. A prospective observational study of cognitive outcome after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac arrest
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-06-03)Cognitive outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Aim: To investigate long-term cognitive outcomes after survival from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) with neuropsychological assessment methods. Background: OHCA may cause cognitive impairments and functional disability due to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Methods: Cognitive functions, health-related quality of life and affective symptoms ... -
Concentrations and predictors of persistent organic pollutants in pregnant women and associations with maternal and infant thyroid homeostasis. The Northern Norway Mother-and-Child Contaminant Cohort Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-12-10)During the 20th century, humans have been exposed to an increasing number of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, due to restrictions on use and the banning of several POPs, environmental concentrations of POPs have generally decreased since the 1980s. POPs are transferred to humans primarily through diet and are transferred from the mother to the foetus during pregnancy and to infants ... -
Use of analgesics in the general population: Trends, persistence, high-risk use and associations with pain sensitivity
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-08-19)Background: Analgesics are commonly used drugs but we are lacking knowledge of trends, persistence, high-risk use and the association with pain sensitivity at a population-level. Purpose: To describe the use of analgesics, particularly persistent analgesic use, in a general population (30+ years), including change over time, contraindications and drug interactions, risk factors, and associations ... -
Academic performance and student dropout. Results from two studies in upper secondary and higher education in Northern Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-08-19)Education is important for the individual and for society. One of the most important and stable predictors of educational dropout is academic performance, typically measured by grades. This thesis aims to investigate factors related to academic performance and student dropout. It comprises two projects. The first project, Young Will (Ung vilje), is based on a sample of adolescents entering upper ... -
Helicobacter pylori infection in the 21st century: Epidemiology, transmission and clinical aspects
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-06-09)Background: More than half the world’s population is colonized with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in the gastric mucosa which is the major cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer. Moreover, H. pylori has been associated with the development of non-cardia gastric cancer, the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and has been linked to extra-intestinal diseases, with unsettled ... -
Glucose metabolism, genetic factors, vitamin D binding protein and directly measured free 25-hydroxyvitamin D -Results from a randomized controlled trial with high-dose vitamin D supplementation in subjects with prediabetes
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-04-21)Tidligere studier har vist en sammenheng mellom vitamin D-nivåer og type 2 diabetes, men om vitamin D kan brukes for å forebygge type 2 diabetes, har ikke vært kjent. 511 personene ble inkludert i studien og jevnt fordelt til å motta enten ukentlig høy-dose vitamin D-tilskudd eller narremedisin (placebo). Etter ett år var det ingen effekt av vitamin D-tilskudd på utviklingen av type 2 diabetes ... -
Acupuncture for postoperative morbidities in children, and placebo by proxy
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-04-29)Acupuncture may be beneficial for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children and is associated with minor adverse events. The two RCTs in this dissertation investigated the effects of acupuncture by means of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial design. Placebo effects are affected by patient expectancy towards the treatment. The present survey explored the placebo effects ... -
A novel ammonia lowering strategy for the treatment of intracranial hypertension in acute liver failure
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-01-29) -
The Northern Norway Mother-and-Child Contaminant Cohort Study (MISA): Population Characteristics, Dietary Intake and Predictors of Organochlorine Contaminants in Meconium and Maternal Serum, and of Essential and Toxic Elements in Mothers’ Whole Blood
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-03-03)Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and toxic elements are released into the environment and are carried to the Arctic area via the atmosphere, oceanic currents and rivers. They have the ability to accumulate in nature and bioconcentrate in the human food chain. The primary exposure route for these contaminants is through diet, and thus circulating levels in pregnant women can give an indication ... -
Results from the Tromsø Intervention Study on Preterms until children’s age of nine. The influence of structured early parental guidance on behavior-emotional development and well-being among children born preterm and parenting stress in their families.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-02-26)An early structured intervention program, offered families with preterm infants in the newborn period, has been tested in a randomized, controlled trial [The Tromsø Intervention Study on Preterms]. It’s influence on children's socio-emotional behavioral development until age 9, parents reports of parenting stress in the same period and children's quality of life at 9 years have been investigated. ... -
Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for depression: Effectiveness and patient experiences
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-01-26) -
Cancer and venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-10-02)Venøs tromboembolisme (VTE) er et samlebegrep for lungeemboli og dyp venetrombose. VTE rammer ofte kreftpasienter og representerer en ledende dødsårsak i denne pasient gruppen. Dette understreker viktigheten av å kartlegge risikofaktorer for kreft-relatert VTE for å muliggjøre forebyggende behandling hos pasienter med høy risiko. En VTE hendelse kan også være det første symptomet på en bakenforliggende ... -
Living with voices and sounds other cannot hear
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-03-31)Hearing voices and sounds unshared by others, often termed auditory (verbal) hallucinations, is commonly known as a symptom of serious mental illness. The fact that it is not uncommon in the general population has led to research focused on hearing voices and sounds as experiences in themselves. The aim of this research project was to understand how people experience hearing and dealing with voices ... -
Helseomsorgssystemer i samiske markebygder i Nordre Nordland og Sør-Troms. Praksiser i hverdagslivet. "En ska ikkje gje sæ over og en ska ta tida til hjelp"
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-06)I dette forskningsarbeidet undersøkes det hvordan markebygdingene, som bor i de samiske markebygder i Nordre Nordland og Sør-Troms ordner seg i hverdagslivet når det gjelder helse- og sykdomsspørsmål. Prosjektet søker å få fram hvilke praksiser og ordninger som eksisterer, hvordan samhandling foregår, og hvordan kultur påvirker ordningene gjennom aktørene. -
Atrial fibrillation in The Tromsø Study 1994-2007. Risk factors, occurrence and gender differences.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-01-14)Summary Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia, which increases morbidity and mortality and thereby imposes high health costs on society. The prevalence of AF has increased for several decades, and is expected to increase further, with the rising numbers of elderly people and survivors of heart diseases. Several risk factors for AF related to genetics and diseases have been ... -
In vitro permeation models for healthy and compromised skin: The Phospholipid Vesicle-based Permeation Assay (PVPA) for skin applications
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-03-20)In vitro models with the ability to estimate drug penetration through healthy and compromised skin may reduce animal testing of drugs and cosmetics to a minimum. The phospholipid vesicle based permeation assay (PVPA) is based on a tight barrier composed of liposomes mimicking cells. It was originally made to mimic the intestinal epithelial barrier and in this project further developed to mimic the ...