Blar i tittel Artikler, rapporter og annet (medisinsk biologi)

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    • Risk assessment on the use of triclosan in cosmetics; Development of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria - II. Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 

      Kapperud, Georg; Høiby, Ernst Arne; Lassen, Jørgen Fredrik; Lunestad, Bjørn Tore; Nesbakken, Truls; Nygård, Karin Maria; Olsvik, Ørjan; Rimstad, Espen; Robertson, Lucy Jane; Tranulis, Michael A.; Tryland, Morten (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2007-02)
      Den Europa kommisjonens vitenskapskomité for forbruksvarer (SCCP) konkluderte 10. oktober 2006 med at det på grunnlag av tilgjengelige data ikke er funnet bevis for at triklosan i kosmetiske produkter kan føre til resistens – eller kryssresistensutvikling hos bakterier. Til tross for at en slik sammenheng kan være sannsynlig, finnes det ikke god dokumentasjon.<p><p> Siden denne konklusjonen ikke ...

    • Risk assessment on use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG) as an ingredient in infant formula and baby foods (II) 

      Rimstad, Espen; Andersen, Lene Frost; Frølich, Wenche; Frøyland, Livar; Halvorsen, Ragnhild; Høiby, Ernst Arne; Kapperud, Georg; Lunestad, Bjørn Tore; Lassen, Jørgen Fredrik; Meltzer, Helle Margrete; Narvhus, Judith Ann; Nygård, Karin; Nesbakken, Truls; Olsvik, Ørjan; Paulsen, Jan Erik; Robertson, Lucy Jane; Tranulis, Michael A.; Tryland, Morten; Vainio, Kirsti; Haugen, Margaretha (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2007-06-15)
      On 10. March 2006 , The Norwegian Food Safety Authority (Mattilsynet) decided that, on the basis of VKM’s previous risk assessment (2005), Nutramigen 1 with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) could not be marketed in Norway as medical foods for infants (0-4 months). In addition, The Norwegian Food Safety Authority (Mattilsynet) decided (08. November ...

    • Risk Factors for Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections Caused by ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae -A Case-Control Study in a Low Prevalence Country 

      Søraas, Arne Vasli Lund; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Sandven, Irene; Brunborg, Cathrine; Jenum, Pål (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Community-acquired urinary tract infection (CA-UTI) is the most common infection caused by extended-spectrum blactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, but the clinical epidemiology of these infections in low prevalence countries is largely unknown. A population based case-control study was conducted to assess risk factors for CA-UTI caused by ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae. The ...

    • Risk of a permanent work-related disability pension after incident venous thromboembolism in Denmark: A population-based cohort study 

      Jørgensen, Helle; Horváth-Puhó, Erzsébet; Laugesen, Kristina; Brækkan, Sigrid Kufaas; Hansen, John-Bjarne; Sørensen, Henrik Toft (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-31)
      Background - Long-term complications of venous thromboembolism (VTE) hamper physical function and impair quality of life; still, it remains unclear whether VTE is associated with risk of permanent work-related disability. We aimed to assess the association between VTE and the risk of receiving a permanent work-related disability pension and to assess whether this association was explained by ...

    • Risk of cardiovascular disease? A qualitative study of risk interpretation among patients with high cholesterol 

      Kirkegaard, Pia; Edwards, Adrian; Risør, Mette Bech; Thomsen, Janus Laust (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Previous studies have shown the importance of paying attention to lay peoples’ interpretations of risk of disease, in order to explain health-related behavior. However, risk interpretations interplay with social context in complex ways. The objective was to explore how asymptomatic patients with high cholesterol interpret risk of cardiovascular disease. Fourteen patients with high cholesterol and ...

    • Risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or higher (CIN3+) among women with HPV-test in 1990–1992, a 30-year follow-up study 

      Riibe, Marit Østlyngen; Sørbye, Sveinung Wergeland; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Ekgren, Josef; Maltau, Jan Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-22)
      <i>Background/objective</i> - Having a 30-year follow-up of a cohort of women tested for HPV is a unique opportunity to further study long-term risk of CIN3+. The study objective was to compare HPV status at baseline with the risk of CIN3+ in the follow-up period of 30 years.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - All women (n = 642) referred to the HPV outpatient clinic at the University Hospital of North ...

    • Risk of lower respiratory tract infections: a genome-wide association study with Mendelian randomization analysis in three independent European populations 

      Flatby, Helene Marie; Rasheed, Humaira; Ravi, Anuradha; Thomas, Laurent; Liyanarachi, Kristin Vardheim; Afset, Jan Egil; DeWan, Andrew; Brumpton, Ben Michael; Hveem, Kristian; Åsvold, Bjørn Olav; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; Furberg, Anne-Sofie; Damås, Jan Kristian; Solligård, Erik; Rogne, Tormod (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-09)
      Objective: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Few studies have previously investigated the genetic susceptibility and potential risk factors for LRTI. Methods: We used data from UK Biobank, HUNT, and FinnGen, to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Cases were subjects hospitalized with LRTI, and controls were subjects with ...

    • Risk of malnutrition and health-related quality of life in community-living elderly men and women : the Tromsø study. 

      Kvamme, Jan-Magnus; Olsen, Jan Abel; Florholmen, Jon; Jacobsen, Bjarne Koster (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      Purpose To explore the association between risk of malnutrition as well as current body mass index (BMI) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in elderly men and women from the general population. Methods In a cross-sectional population survey including 1,632 men and 1,654 women aged 65 to 87 years from the municipality of Tromsø, Norway, we assessed HRQoL by using the EuroQol (EQ-5D) ...

    • Risk of malnutrition is associated with mental health symptoms in community living elderly men and women: The Tromsø Study 

      Kvamme, Jan-Magnus; Grønli, Ole Kristian; Florholmen, Jon; Jacobsen, Bjarne Koster (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      Little research has been done on the relationship between malnutrition and mental health in community living elderly individuals. In the present study, we aimed to assess the associations between mental health (particularly anxiety and depression) and both the risk of malnutrition and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) in a large sample of elderly men and women from Tromsø, Norway. In a cross-sectional ...

    • Risk perception, beliefs about medicines and medical adherence among pregnant and breastfeeding women with migraine: findings from a cross-sectional study in Norway 

      Amundsen, Siri; Øvrebø, Torunn Gudmestad; Amble, Netta Marie Skretteberg; Poole, Anne Christine; Nordeng, Hedvig Marie Egeland (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-27)
      <i>Objectives</i>: To examine risk perception, beliefs about migraine medications and medical adherence among pregnant and breastfeeding women with migraine.<p> <p><i>Design and setting</i>: Cross-sectional study conducted in Norway from October 2013 to February 2014. Data were collected via an anonymous, electronic questionnaire.<p> <p><i>Participants</i>: Women with migraine, either ...

    • The role of formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis 

      Snapkov, Igor; Öqvist, Carl Otto; Figenschau, Yngve Anton; Kogner, Per; Johnsen, John Inge; Sveinbjørnsson, Baldur (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-07-18)
      Background: Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor mainly expressed by the cells of myeloid origin, where it mediates the innate immune response to bacterial formylated peptides. High expression of FPR1 has been detected in various cancers but the function of FPR1 in tumorigenesis is poorly understood. Methods: Expression of FPR1 in neuroblastoma cell lines and primary ...

    • The role of health extension workers in improving utilization of maternal health services in rural areas in Ethiopia: a cross sectional study 

      Medhanyie, Araya; Spigt, Marcus; Kifle, Yohannes; Schaay, Nikki; Sanders, David; Blanco, Roman; GeertJan, Dinant; Berhane, Yemane (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Community health workers are widely used to provide care for a broad range of health issues. Since 2003 the government of Ethiopia has been deploying specially trained new cadres of community based health workers named health extension workers (HEWs). This initiative has been called the health extension program. Very few studies have investigated the role of these community health workers in improving ...

    • Role of Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Development of Multidrug Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae 

      Hegstad, Kristin; Mylvaganam, Haima; Janice, Jessin; Josefsen, Ellen H.; Sivertsen, Audun; Skaare, Dagfinn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-29)
      <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> colonizes the respiratory tract in humans and causes both invasive and noninvasive infections. Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in <i>H. influenzae</i> is rare in Europe. In this study, we defined acquired resistance gene loci and <i>ftsI</i> mutations in multidrug-resistant (MDR) and/or PBP3-mediated beta-lactam-resistant (rPBP3) <i>H. influenzae</i> ...

    • The role of Merkel cell polyomavirus and other human polyomaviruses in emerging hallmarks of cancer 

      Moens, Ugo; Rasheed, Kashif; Abdulsalam, Ibrahim; Sveinbjørnsson, Baldur (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-10)
      Polyomaviruses are non-enveloped, dsDNA viruses that are common in mammals, including humans. All polyomaviruses encode the large T-antigen and small t-antigen proteins that share conserved functional domains, comprising binding motifs for the tumor suppressors pRb and p53, and for protein phosphatase 2A, respectively. At present, 13 different human polyomaviruses are known, and for some of them ...

    • The role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, NO and H2S in ischaemia/reperfusion injury and cardioprotection 

      Andreadou, Ioanna; Schulz, Rainer; Papapetropoulos, Andreas; Turan, Belma; Ytrehus, Kirsti; Ferdinandy, Peter; Daiber, Andreas; Di Lisa, Fabio (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-08)
      Redox signalling in mitochondria plays an important role in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and in cardioprotection. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) modify cellular structures and functions by means of covalent changes in proteins including among others S‐nitros(yl)ation by nitric oxide (NO) and its derivatives, and S‐sulphydration by hydrogen sulphide (H<sub>2</sub>S). ...

    • The role of NADPH oxidases in diabetic cardiomyopathy 

      Hansen, Synne Simonsen; Aasum, Ellen; Hafstad, Anne Dragøy (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-25)
      Systemic changes during diabetes such as high glucose, dyslipidemia, hormonal changes and low grade inflammation, are believed to induce structural and functional changes in the cardiomyocyte associated with the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. One of the hallmarks of the diabetic heart is increased oxidative stress. NADPH-oxidases (NOXs) are important ROS-producing enzymes in the cardiomyocyte ...

    • The role of OAT2 (SLC22A7) in the cyclic nucleotide biokinetics of human erythrocytes 

      Sager, Georg; Smaglyukova, Natalia; Fuskevåg, Ole-Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-15)

    • Role of respondents' education as a mediator and moderator in the association between childhood socio-economic status and later health and wellbeing 

      Sheikh, Mashhood Ahmed; Abelsen, Birgit; Olsen, Jan Abel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-11-18)

    • A role of Sp1 binding motifs in basal and large T-Antigen-induced promoter activities of human polyomavirus HPyV9 and its variant UF-1 

      Moens, Ugo; Song, Xiaobo; Van Ghelue, Marijke; Lednicky, John A.; Ehlers, Bernhard (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-14)
      Human polyomavirus 9 (HPyV9) was originally detected in the serum of a renal transplant patient. Seroepidemiological studies showed that ~20-50% of the human population have antibodies against this virus. HPyV9 has not yet been associated with any disease and little is known about the route of infection, transmission, host cell tropism, and genomic variability in circulating strains. Recently, the ...

    • Role of Virus-Induced Host Cell Epigenetic Changes in Cancer 

      Pietropaolo, Valeria; Prezioso, Carla; Moens, Ugo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-03)
      The tumor viruses human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) account for approximately 15% of all human cancers. Although the oncoproteins of these tumor viruses display no sequence similarity to one ...