Munin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 41-60 of 34986
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Prisforedrag - Norsk Cardiologisk Selskaps forskningspris 2023
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024)Det var en stor ære for meg å motta forskningsprisen. Jeg er takknemlig, ydmyk og stolt overfor Norsk cardiologisk selskap (NCS) og juryen. Få fra miljøet i Tromsø har mottatt prisen, og innenfor fagområdet preventiv kardiologi er det heller ikke mange prismottakere. Jeg ble veldig glad. Det var en stor begivenhet for meg å bli hyllet av mine kolleger, både fra min egen hjertemedisinske avdeling og ... -
Prototypical Self-Explainable Models Without Re-training
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024)Explainable AI (XAI) has unfolded in two distinct research directions with, on the one hand, post-hoc methods that explain the predictions of a pre-trained black-box model and, on the other hand, self-explainable models (SEMs) which are trained directly to provide explanations alongside their predictions. While the latter is preferred in safety-critical scenarios, post-hoc approaches have received ... -
Sykepleiers erfaring med kommunal akutt døgnenhet i rurale områder
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-01)Bakgrunn: Samhandlingsreformen har ført til at flere pasienter mottar behandling i kommunal akutt døgnenhet (KAD) som et alternativ til sykehusinnleggelse. Innføring av KAD i sykehjem i distriktskommuner har gitt sykepleiere i primærhelsetjenesten nye oppgaver og ansvarsområder. Studien er gjennomført i Troms og Finnmark fylke. I distriktskommunene er det store geografiske avstander innad og til ... -
Primary School Students’ Relations to Physical Education in Northern Norway: Why Do Some Find the Subject Problematic?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-08)A global discourse surrounding physical education (PE) is shifting towards a stronger emphasis on inclusive practises, but research shows that some students still find the subject problematic. This study explores the relationship between students’ dread of physical education (PE) and overall school satisfaction among sixth graders in Tromsø Municipality, Norway, and identifies factors that might ... -
AI-Based Cropping of Ice Hockey Videos for Different Social Media Representations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-23)Sports multimedia is among the most prominent types of content distributed across social media today, and the retargeting of videos for diverse aspect ratios is essential for a suitable representation on different social media platforms. In this respect, ice hockey is quite challenging due to its agile movement pattern and speed, and because the main reference point (puck) is very small. In this ... -
Validating polyp and instrument segmentation methods in colonoscopy through Medico 2020 and MedAI 2021 Challenges
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-09-05)Automatic analysis of colonoscopy images has been an active field of research motivated by the importance of early detection of precancerous polyps. However, detecting polyps during the live examination can be challenging due to various factors such as variation of skills and experience among the endoscopists, lack of attentiveness, and fatigue leading to a high polyp miss-rate. Therefore, there is ... -
A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of 2D and 3D Virtual Environments in Training for Child Interview Skills
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-12)This paper presents a detailed study of an AI-driven platform designed for the training of child welfare and law enforcement professionals in conducting investigative interviews with maltreated children. It achieves a subjective simulation of interview situation through the integration of fine-tuned GPT-3 models within the Unity framework. The study recruited participants from a range of backgrounds, ... -
Comparing open and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy – a single institution report
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-09)Background - Open partial nephrectomy (OPN) has previously been considered the gold standard procedure for treatment of T1 localized renal tumors. After introduction of robot assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) as an alternative method to OPN, OPN was gradually abandoned at our department. The aim of the study was to retrospectively compare the results of patients treated with either OPN or RAPN for ... -
Bioprospecting of inhibitors of EPEC virulence from metabolites of marine actinobacteria from the Arctic Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-30)A considerable number of antibacterial agents are derived from bacterial metabolites. Similarly, numerous known compounds that impede bacterial virulence stem from bacterial metabolites. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a notable human pathogen causing intestinal infections, particularly affecting infant mortality in developing regions. These infections are characterized by microvilli ... -
Sámi Healthcare Staff Experiences of Encounters with Sámi Patients and Their Expectations for Non-Sámi Healthcare Staff
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-01)Objective: The aim of this study was to explore Sámi healthcare staff experiences in encounters with Sámi patients and their expectations for non-Sámi healthcare staff. Methods: Focus groups and individual interviews with 14 participants were conducted, and the participants’ experiences were subjected to a thematic analysis approach. <p> <p>Results: The findings show that the Sámi healthcare staff ... -
Machine learning based prognostics and statistical optimization of the performance of biogas-biodiesel blends powered engine
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-12)In this study, waste biomass-derived biogas was employed as the main fuel while the biodiesel-diesel blend was used as pilot fuel. This paper describes the development of a Decision Tree and Response Surface methodology-based statistical framework for prediction modeling and optimization. The compression ratio, fuel injection time, fuel injection pressure, and biogas flow rate were employed as ... -
Ecosystem structure and function of the North Water Polynya
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-14)The North Water Polynya is one of the most productive Arctic regions on Earth, sustaining the world's northernmost Inuit communities for millennia. The polynya is a large and persistent region of open water surrounded by sea ice and exhibits high primary productivity, is a biodiversity hotspot, and is a key habitat and migration corridor for Arctic species. Many aspects of the ecosystem structure ... -
Impact of the diagnostic label for a low-risk prostate lesion: protocol for two online factorial randomised experiments
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-09)Introduction - Many types of prostate cancer present minimal risk to a man’s lifespan or well-being, but existing terminology makes it difficult for men to distinguish these from high-risk prostate cancers. This study aims to explore whether using an alternative label for low-risk prostate cancer influences management choice and anxiety levels among Australian men and their partners.<p> <p>Methods ... -
Sea ice mass balance during the MOSAiC drift experiment: Results from manual ice and snow thickness gauges
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-09)Precise measurements of Arctic sea ice mass balance are necessary to understand the rapidly changing sea ice cover and its representation in climate models. During the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition, we made repeat point measurements of snow and ice thickness on primarily level first- and second-year ice (FYI, SYI) using ablation stakes and ... -
A Decision Support Framework for Metal Additive Manufacturing Adoption in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-12-03)Today's manufacturing landscape is undergoing constant changes, particularly through the widespread integration of advanced digital technologies. Among these, Metal Additive Manufacturing (MAM) stands out, signaling a new era of flexibility and customization capabilities that promise to significantly enhance business competitiveness, sustainability, and cost efficiency. However, the outcomes of MAM ... -
Trends in the quality of maternal and neonatal care in Sweden and Norway as compared to 12 WHO European countries: A cross-sectional survey investigating maternal perspectives during the COVID-19 pandemic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-21)Introduction: Maternal-neonatal healthcare services were severely disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic in even high-income countries within the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region. The objective of this study was to compare trends in the quality of maternal and neonatal care (QMNC) in Sweden and Norway to 12 other countries from the WHO European Region during the COVID-19 pandemic, and ... -
Leveraging explainable artificial intelligence for early prediction of bloodstream infections using historical electronic health records
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-14)Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a severe public health threat due to their rapid progression into critical conditions like sepsis. This study presents a novel eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework to predict BSIs using historical electronic health records (EHRs). Leveraging a dataset from St. Olavs Hospital in Trondheim, Norway, encompassing 35,591 patients, the framework integrates ... -
Inhospital Mortality, Readmission, and Prolonged Length of Stay Risk Prediction Leveraging Historical Electronic Health Records
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-14)Objective: This study aimed to investigate the predictive capabilities of historical patient records to predict patient adverse outcomes such as mortality, readmission, and prolonged length of stay (PLOS).<p> <p>Methods: Leveraging a de-identified dataset from a tertiary care university hospital, we developed an eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework combining tree-based and traditional ... -
Characterization of Monocarboxylate Transporters in the Brain of the Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Reveal Possible Biochemical Adaptation to Diving
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-08-29)Diving mammals are perpetually required to manage low-oxygen conditions throughout their lives. The mammalian brain is an organ particularly vulnerable to low oxygen levels due to its high energy demands, which require steady aerobic ATP production. The brain of the deep- diving hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) demonstrates remarkable tolerance to hypoxia. Studies suggest that this brain hypoxia ... -
Benthic Megafauna Biodiversity Associated to Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems in Norwegian waters
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-08-15)The biodiversity of benthos is influenced by habitat forming taxa defining Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VME). Such indicator taxa are used to identify and designate VME areas, but their numerical relation to benthic biodiversity is not known. In this thesis I address the relationship between abundance of VME indicator-taxa and megabenthos biodiversity in Norwegian waters. The main objectives were ...