Viser treff 345-364 av 516

    • Predictors of Response to Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With High-Intensity Face-to-Face Therapist Guidance for Depression: A Bayesian Analysis 

      Høifødt, Ragnhild Sørensen; Mittner, Matthias; Lillevoll, Kjersti; Kvam Katla, Susanne; Kolstrup, nils; Eisemann, Martin; Friborg, Oddgeir; Waterloo, Knut (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-06)
      Background: Several studies have demonstrated the effect of guided Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) for depression. However, ICBT is not suitable for all depressed patients and there is a considerable level of nonresponse. Research on predictors and moderators of outcome in ICBT is inconclusive. Objective: This paper explored predictors of response to an intervention combining the ...
    • Preface for Marcel Waldinger special issue on premature ejaculation 

      Serefoglu, EC; Olivier, Berend; Janssen, PKC; De Pretre, S; Snoeren, Eelke (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2019-09-13)
      The world lost a very dear and brilliant man when Prof Dr Marcel Waldinger passed away this year. I am proud that I got to know him well, and had the chance to learn a lot from him as a scientist. He was passionate about his work related to men and womens sexual dysfunctions, with a special focus on PE, postorgasm illness syndrome, and persistent sexual arousal syndrome.
    • Preferred harvest principles and - regulations amongst willow ptarmigan hunters in Norway 

      Andersen, Oddgeir; Kaltenborn, Bjørn Petter; Vittersø, Joar; Willebrand, Tomas (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-06-25)
      Hunters ’ preferences for diff erent harvest principles and harvest regulations such as season length and harvest quotas provide important knowledge for wildlife management. We report results from a survey of 2788 willow ptarmigan hunters regarding commonly used harvest-principles and -regulations. A harvest quota strategy was the most preferred principle. Hunters were in general more positive ...
    • The prestige of somatic and mental disporders : A suvey among health professionals and a representative general population sample 

      Rosenvinge, Jan H; Pettersen, Gunn; Olstad, Reidun E. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009)
      Objective: The purpose of the paper is to study the ranking of disorders according to their perceived importance. Previous studies suggest that rankings according to the perceived or attributed “value” or importance create informal hierarchies of disorders on normative attitudes about symptoms, treatment and outcome. In this work we studied disorder ranking in the general population and among health ...
    • The prevalence of potentially traumatic events in the seventh survey of the population-based Tromsø study (Tromsø 7) 

      Thimm, Jens; Rognmo, Kamilla; Rye, Marte; Flåm, Anna Margrete; Næss, Eva Therese; Skre, Ingunn; Wang, Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-20)
      Aims: Potentially traumatic events (PTEs) can have detrimental consequences for an individual’s physical and mental health. Exposure to PTEs is therefore increasingly assessed in population-based studies. Consistent with this trend, the most recent wave of the longitudinal population-based Tromsø study (Tromsø 7) in Northern Norway included a list of PTEs. The aim of the present study was to describe ...
    • Preventing Alcohol Use with a Universal School-Based Intervention: Results from an Effectiveness Study 

      Strøm, Henriette Kyrrestad; Adolfsen, Frode; Handegård, Bjørn Helge; Natvig, Henrik; Eisemann, Martin; Martinussen, Monica; Koposov, Roman A (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-09)
      Background: The effectiveness of the universal school-based alcohol prevention program “Unge & Rus” [Youth & Alcohol] was tested by an independent research group. The program aims to prevent alcohol use and to change adolescents’ alcohol-related attitudes. The main outcome measure was frequency of monthly alcohol use, favorable alcohol attitudes, perceived behavioral control (PBC), positive alcohol ...
    • Prior Action Direction of a Novel Agent Cues Spatial Attention in 7-Month-Old Infants 

      Wronski, Caroline; Hernik, Mikoaj; Daum, Moritz M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-13)
      The present study investigated whether 7-month-old infants attribute directionality to an object after having observed it engage in agentive behavior and whether they maintain this attribution even when the agent is presented statically. Infants were familiarized with an object displaying either agentive behavioral cues (self-propelled, context-sensitive movement) or non-agentive motion (the same ...
    • Prior Prognostic Expectations as a Potential Predictor in Neurofeedback Training. 

      Damanskyy, Yevhen; Olsen, Alexander; Hollup, Stig Arvid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-29)
      The present study evaluated whether subjects’ expectations and neurofeedback training performance predict neurofeedback efficacy in cognitive training by controlling both factors as statistical variables. Twenty-two psychology students underwent neurofeedback training, employing beta/theta protocol to enhance beta1 power (13–21 Hz) and suppress theta (4–7 Hz) power. Neurofeedback efficacy was evaluated ...
    • Probabilistic inference in psychosis and autism 

      Kreis, Isabel Viola; Sandvik, Kristin; Tjelmeland, Håkon; Biegler, Robert; Pfuhl, Gerit (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2017)
      Within the predictive coding framework the brain is defined as an inference machine that continuously tries to predict its sensory inputs on the basis of beliefs about the world and updates those beliefs in the presence of contradictory sensory data (i.e. prediciton errors; Friston, 2005). Neurobiologically, the weighting and further processing of those prediction errors is thought to be influenced ...
    • Probing the neural signature of mind wandering with simultaneous fMRI-EEG and pupillometry 

      Groot, Josephine Maria; Boayue, Nya Mehnwolo; Csifcsak, Gabor; Boekel, Wouter; Huster, Rene; Forstmann, Birte U; Mittner, Matthias (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-01)
      Mind wandering reflects the shift in attentional focus from task-related cognition driven by external stimuli toward self-generated and internally-oriented thought processes. Although such task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) are pervasive and detrimental to task performance, their underlying neural mechanisms are only modestly understood. To investigate TUTs with high spatial and temporal precision, we ...
    • Procrastination and personal finances: Exploring the roles of planning and financial self-efficacy 

      Gamst-Klaussen, Thor; Steel, Piers; Svartdal, Frode (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-05)
      Procrastination is related to unhealthy personal financial behaviors, such as postponing retirement savings, last minute shopping, and not paying bills on time. The present paper explores factors that could explain why procrastinators demonstrate more financial problems compared to non-procrastinators. Study 1 (N = 675) focused on planning, as both procrastination and poor financial habits are ...
    • Profiles of Perfectionism Among Adolescents Attending Specialized Elite- and Ordinary Lower Secondary Schools: A Norwegian Cross-Sectional Comparative Study 

      Stornæs, Annett Victoria; Rosenvinge, Jan H; Sundgot-Borgen, Jorunn; Pettersen, Gunn; Friborg, Oddgeir (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-06)
      The versatile construct of perfectionism has been heavily debated, e.g., its nature or measurement constituents, how it influences performances or, most importantly, our health. Conventional linear analyses seem inadequate to address such challenges. Hence, we used a latent variable and a person-centered approach to identify different patterns of perfectionism, and their relationships with psychological ...
    • Prolonged rather than hasty decision-making in schizophrenia using the box task. Must we rethink the jumping to conclusions account of paranoia? 

      Moritz, Steffen; Scheunemann, Jakob; Lüdtke, Thies; Westermann, Stefan; Pfuhl, Gerit; Balzan, Ryan P; Andreou, Christina (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-05)
      Jumping to conclusions (JTC) is the best established cognitive bias in schizophrenia and is increasingly targeted in interventions aimed to improve positive symptoms. To address shortcomings of the standard measure to capture JTC, the beads task, we developed a new variant—the box task—which was subsequently validated in people with elevated psychotic-like experiences. For the first time, the box ...
    • Pros and Cons of Character Portrayals of Autism on TV and Film 

      Nordahl-Hansen, Anders; Øien, Roald A; Fletcher-Watson, Sue (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-11-23)
      Portrayals of characters with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or with autistic traits on film and in TV-series are increasing. Such portrayals may contribute in increasing awareness of the condition but can also increase stereotypes. Thus, these character portrayals are subject to heated debate within the ASD-community, but also in the general public at large. Following our recent published study ...
    • A prospective study on the effect of selfreported health and leisure time physical activity on mortality among an ageing population: results from the Tromsø study 

      Opdal, Ida Marie; Larsen, Lill Sverresdatter; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Schirmer, Henrik; Lorem, Geir F (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-28)
      <i>Background</i> - The prevailing Western ideal of ageing in place, with the option to stay at home as one ages, has led to the development of physical activity guidelines for people of advanced age to increase their quality of life and promote their functional abilities. This study investigates the effect of self-reported health and physical activity on mortality and examines how levels of ...
    • Protein Appetite Drives Macronutrient-Related Differences in Ventral Tegmental Area Neural Activity 

      Chiacchierini, Giulia; Naneix, Fabien; Peters, Kate Z; Aspergis-Schoute, John; Snoeren, Eelke; McCutcheon, James Edgar (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-09)
      Control of protein intake is essential for numerous biological processes as several amino acids cannot be synthesized de novo, however, its neurobiological substrates are still poorly understood. In the present study, we combined in vivo fiber photometry with nutrient-conditioned flavor in a rat model of protein appetite to record neuronal activity in the VTA, a central brain region for the control ...
    • Protein preference and elevated plasma FGF21 induced by dietary protein restriction is similar in both male and female mice 

      Volcko, Karin Linnea; McCutcheon, James Edgar (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-19)
      Animals that are moderately protein restricted respond to this dietary stress by increasing consumption of protein-containing foods. This is true in many species, including rodents. Rodent models of protein restriction have typically relied on only male subjects, and there are plausible reasons why female rodents may respond differently to dietary protein restriction. To address this gap in ...
    • Protein, creatine and dieting supplements among adolescents: Use and associations with eating disorder risk factors, exercise- and sports participation, and immigrant status 

      Svantorp-Tveiten, Kethe Marie Engen; Friborg, Oddgeir; Torstveit, Monica Klungland; Mathisen, Therese Fostervold; Sundgot-Borgen, Christine; Rosenvinge, Jan H; Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid; Pettersen, Gunn; Sundgot-Borgen, Jorunn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-13)
      Objective: This study aimed to estimate the number of weekly users of protein, creatine, and dieting supplements and to explore whether weekly use was related to eating disorder (ED) risk factors, exercise, sports participation, and immigrant status.<p><p> Methods: In total, 629 and 1,060 high school boys and girls, respectively, self-reported weekly frequency of protein, creatine, and dieting ...
    • Protocol for the Northern babies longitudinal study: predicting postpartum depression and improving parent–infant interaction with The Newborn Behavioral Observation 

      Høifødt, Ragnhild Sørensen; Nordahl, Dag; Pfuhl, Gerit; Landsem, Inger Pauline; Thimm, Jens; Ilstad, Linn Kathrin K.; Wang, Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-27)
      Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent disorder. Studying the factors related to PPD will help to identify families at risk and provide preventive interventions. This can in turn improve the developmental trajectories for the children. Several previous studies have investigated risk factors for PPD. However, few studies have focused on cognitive vulnerability factors. The first aim of the ...
    • Psychological correlates to dysfunctional eating patterns among morbidly obese patients accepted for bariatric surgery 

      Gade, Hege; Rosenvinge, Jan H; Hjelmesæth, Jøran; Friborg, Oddgeir (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)
      Objective: To examine the relationships between dysfunctional eating patterns, personality, anxiety and depression in morbidly obese patients accepted for bariatric surgery. Design: The study used cross-sectional data collected in running a randomized controlled trial (http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01403558). Subjects: A total of 102 patients (69 women, 33 men) with a mean (SD) age of ...