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Exploring the potential effects of PFAS exposure on biomarkers: Insights from legacy PFAS and oxidizable precursors on blood lipids, DNA methylation, and gene expression
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-05-28)Humans are exposed to numerous chemicals daily, including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a class of synthetic compounds that have dominated human exposure for decades. These highly persistent chemicals are widely used in industrial and consumer products and are among the most prevalent contaminants detected in human blood. While some legacy PFAS have been phased out due to increasing ... -
Application of outer membrane vesicles from ESKAPE pathogens as native models of bacterial membranes
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-14)The antimicrobial resistance crisis has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens, posing a significant threat to public health. To address this crisis there is an ongoing search for new antimicrobial substances. To facilitate this search and to understand the nature of antimicrobial resistance better it is crucial to develop representative models of bacterial membranes and efficient ... -
Education and adherence to the Norwegian Dietary Recommendations. Insights from The Tromsø Study 2015-2016
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-14)Background: Socioeconomic differences are observed in health and diet, and higher education is associated with a healthier diet. The Norwegian dietary recommendations contain 13 recommendations for food, drinks, supplements, and physical activity. Aim: The aim was to investigate if the intake of food groups from – and adherence to - the dietary recommendations was different across educational ... -
Hypothetical target trial emulation assessing of combination pembrolizumab with chemotherapy in NSCLC with frail patients
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-14)Real-world data (RWE) may enable the investigation of patients who are ineligible for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) due to poor performance status, old age, or comorbidities. In addition, it permits research that may be impossible through prospective design due to ethics or feasibility. Hypothetical target trial emulation(hTTE) has emerged as a new method that uses RWD to evaluate new drugs' ... -
Synthesis of linear and cyclic proline-rich analogues of the marine, antimicrobial peptides Hyasin 1 and Arasin 1. Impact of antimicrobial peptide modifications on bioactivity and toxicity
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-13)Since the introduction of antimicrobial agents in the 1940s, antimicrobial resistance has increasingly become a major concern. New resistance mechanisms have emerged and threatened our ability to treat common infections. Currently, antimicrobial resistance is rising to higher levels in all parts of the world and the need of novel therapeutics is increasing. As a contribution to antimicrobial drug ... -
The potential of ChatGPT as a learning tool. A randomized controlled trial of pharmacy students in Tromsø
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-05-12)Background: Pharmacy education is evolving with technological advances and changing student needs, incorporating digital tools alongside traditional methods. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models like ChatGPT, offers interactive learning and real-time feedback, shifting from passive to active learning. However, there is a notable lack of research-based evidence on ChatGPT’s ... -
Understanding how community pharmacist play a role in self-medication with antibiotics in Kumasi, Ghana.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Background: Non-prescription antibiotic dispensing is a widespread phenomenon observed predominantly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and low-income countries (LICs). This practice is associated with inappropriate sale and usage of antibiotics, contributing significantly to the global challenge of antibiotic resistance. Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate how the pharmacist ... -
Patient selection in target trial emulation using data from Cancer registry of Norway
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Background: Breast cancer is a significant public health challenge with diverse treatment outcomes. This underscores the need for better patient selection in clinical trials to improve representativeness and treatment efficacy. This thesis uses data from the Cancer Registry of Norway (CRN) to assess how modifications to eligibility criteria, as outlined in the PALOMA-II randomized controlled trial, ... -
Retur av legemidler til apotek i Tromsø
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-14)BAKGRUNN: Befolkningsvekst, utvikling av legemidler og helsetjenester, flere eldre og kronisk syke har blant annet ført til økt bruk av legemidler. Som følge av dette øker også mengden legemiddelavfall. Legemidler er avgjørende for mennesker og dyr sin helse, men de utgjør også en bekymring dersom de havner i miljøet. Studier har vist at den finansielle verdien av returnerte legemidler til apotek ... -
Exploring the viability of using liposomes and bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) in interaction studies by calorimetric methods
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-14)The increasing level of AMR require an increase in new antimicrobial drug candidates. By proving that bEVs are a suitable model for the bacterial membrane, it can be applied to the development of new drug candidates. Potentially making the development of new candidates more efficient and reducing cost. To further examine the potential of bEVs, we isolated bEVs from E. coli, a gram-negative bacteria. ... -
Expression and characterization of recombinant mouse and human DUSP2 protein
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-09-15)Background: This master's thesis focuses on the DUSP2 phosphatase protein. This protein plays a vital role in regulating cellular signaling pathways, including MAPK signaling involving JNK1, p38α, and ERK2. By better understanding DUSP2's physiological role within these pathways, we can gain a deeper understanding of cellular mechanisms, disease mechanisms, and perhaps even pave the way for new drugs ... -
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of biofilm formation in clinical Escherichia Coli isolates from Norwegian hospitals.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-09-15)Biofilm is an extracellular matrix that allows bacteria to attach themselves to surfaces and to each other. Biofilm formation among E. coli causes diseases, and the majority of urinary tract infections (UTI) are caused by biofilm producing E. coli. The biofilm layer among E. coli also play a role in bloodstream infections (BSI). Biofilms adhere to surfaces as indwelling medical devices and increase ... -
Morphology and Holocene activity of a high-latitude canyon – channel system: The proximal Lofoten Basin channel system (Norwegian Sea)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2025-04-30)Canyon – channel systems have the potential to be biological and marine litter “hotspots”, and they can act as important carbon sinks. However, knowledge about the modern (Holocene) activity of many of these systems remains poor. This includes the high-latitude Andøya Canyon - Lofoten Basin Channel located in the Norwegian Sea (∼69oN). This study focuses on the proximal Lofoten Basin Channel and ... -
Kirurgisk brann. En kvalitativ studie om operasjonssykepleieres erfaringer med forebygging av en uønsket hendelse
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-02)Bakgrunn: Kirurgisk brann er en ‟never event” på operasjonsstua som kan føre til store pasientskader. På operasjonsstua er de tre forutsetningene for brann til stede i varierende grad, og forebygging av brann er derfor vesentlig. Operasjonssykepleiere har en særlig viktig rolle når det kommer til forebygging av pasientskader på operasjonsstua. <p> <p>Hensikt: Hensikten med oppgaven er å undersøke ... -
Utfordringer fra et sykepleieperspektiv, i bruk av trygg kirurgi sjekkliste ved dagkirurgiske inngrep. En litteraturstudie
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-03)Bakgrunn: Trygg kirurgi sjekkliste er en sjekkliste utarbeidet av Verdens helseorganisasjon (WHO) som brukes ved ulike operasjonsavdelinger, til ulike typer inngrep, verden over. Den brukes både ved dagkirurgi, øyeblikkelighjelpskirurgi og annen elektiv kirurgi. Ved dagkirurgiske inngrep er erfaring fra praksis at sjekklisten kan oppleves som utfordrende å få gjennomført ut ifra WHOs anbefalinger. ... -
Ammeveiledning- helsesykepleiers tilnærming til mødre. En kvalitativ studie av helsesykepleiers erfaringer med ammeveiledning
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-05)Bakgrunn: Barseltiden er for mange en periode hvor amming etableres, og flere mødre opplever ammeutfordringer i denne tiden. Familiene blir utskrevet tidlig fra sykehuset, ofte før melkeproduksjonen har kommet i gang. Helsesykepleier har en sentral rolle når det gjelder ammeveiledning gjennom barnets første leveår, og skal støtte og veilede mødre til velfungerende amming. Det foreligger lite forskning ... -
Hvordan fremme gutters psykiske helse på videregående skole? En kvalitativ studie av helsesykepleieres erfaring
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-05)Gutter og menns psykiske helse får nå større fokus i medier, forskning, populærkultur og i politikken. Dette som følger av økt bekymring for guttene. Menn topper selvmordsstatistikken og undersøkelser viser at gutter har mindre kjennskap til helsetjenester, og i lang mindre grad enn jenter oppsøker hjelp for deres psykiske helse. Det eksisterer et behov for å undersøke hvilke metoder helsesykepleiere ... -
Predicting Norwegian elderly hospitalizations using Machine Learning
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2025-05-23)This thesis focuses on developing a Machine Learning (ML) model to predict the first hospital admission in older Norwegian patients. Addressing the complexity of predicting all-cause hospitalizations required a comprehensive approach, beginning with a systematic review of existing work. The review highlighted some important gaps in the use of ML for predicting hospitalization such as challenges in ... -
Using machine learning methods to predict all-cause somatic hospitalizations in adults: A systematic review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-08-23)<p><i>Aim</i> In this review, we investigated how Machine Learning (ML) was utilized to predict all-cause somatic hospital admissions and readmissions in adults. <p><i>Methods</i> We searched eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, ProQuest, OpenGrey, WorldCat, and MedNar) from their inception date to October 2023, and included records that predicted all-cause somatic hospital ... -
Exploring Multimorbidity Patterns in older hospitalized Norwegian patients using Network Analysis modularity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2025-04-28)<p><i>Background</i> Understanding Multimorbidity Patterns (MPs) is crucial for planning healthcare interventions, allocating resources, and improving patients’ outcomes. <p><i>Objective</i> We aim to demonstrate the use of Network Analysis (NA) to explore the MPs in hospitalized Norwegian older patients. <p><i>Methods</i> We utilized data from the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) of all admissions ...
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