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Krone på tann kontra fylling. Kliniske momenter til grunn for anbefaling
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-20)Bakgrunn: Målsetningen med denne oppgaven er å finne ut om det finnes gode kliniske retningslinjer for valg av optimal tannrestaurering, da man som kliniker må vurdere dette nærmest daglig. Alternativene kan være en intrakoronal restaurering, benevnt fylling, eller en ekstrakoronal restaurering, benevnt krone. Vi har derfor laget en PICO: Hos en pasient med en tann med indikasjon for restaurering, ... -
Tannhelseinformasjon på norske blogger
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-20)Det har blitt vanlig å søke etter helseinformasjon på nett, og dermed også tannhelseinformasjon. Blogger er en del av sosiale medier i Norge, og hensikten med oppgaven var å undersøke hva norske bloggere skriver om tannhelserelaterte tema. Vi ønsket også å undersøke om noen av innleggene relatert til tannhelse var reklame for et firma, og i så fall hvor mange. I tillegg ønsket vi å kartlegge hvilke ... -
Orale bivirkninger for pasienter som får strålebehandling i forbindelse med behandling av hode-/halskreft, rapportert i form av PROMS-spørreskjema
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-19)Bakgrunn: Oral mukositt (OM) er blant de vanligste orale bivirkningene som oppstår blant pasienter som gjennomgår stråleterapi mot hode-/halsområdet. Det er i dag behov for rapporteringsverktøy for subjektive symptomer, for å kunne tilrettelegge for den enkelte pasient gjennom kreftbehandlingen, samt å kunne måle effektiviteten av medisinske tiltak. Patient-Reported Oral Mucositis Symptom ... -
Resistensutvikling og resistensgener relatert til bruk av klorheksidin og natriumhypokloritt i odontologisk praksis - En litteraturstudie fra 2000 til 2020
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-18)Bakgrunn: Formålet med studien er å undersøke eksisterende resistens og risiko for videre resistensutvikling forbundet med bruk av klorheksidin og natriumhypokloritt. Dette i relasjon til bakterier i odontologisk praksis. Metode: Vi har laget en systematisk oversikt over forskning som omhandler mikrobiell resistens knyttet til desinfeksjonsmidler relevante i odontologisk praksis. På bakgrunn av ... -
Impact of respiratory symptoms and oxygen saturation on the risk of incident venous thromboembolism-the Tromsø study.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-09)Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). It remains unknown whether individual respiratory symptoms and lowered oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>), individually and in combination with COPD, affect the risk of VTE.<p> <p> Objectives: To investigate whether measures of respiratory impairments including respiratory symptoms ... -
Fetal Superior Vena Cava Blood Flow and Its Fraction of Cardiac Output: A Longitudinal Ultrasound Study in the Second Half of Pregnancy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-06)<i>Introduction</i>: In the fetus, a large proportion of the superior vena cava blood flow (QSVC) comes from the brain. To provide the possibility of using this blood flow as a representation of fetal brain circulation, we aimed to determine the fetal QSVC and its fraction of cardiac output during the second half of physiological pregnancies.<br><br> <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This was a ... -
“Falling off the wagon”: older adults’ experiences of living with frailty in rural arctic communities
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-12)Most populations around the world are ageing. The proportion of older adults in the population is larger and is growing more rapidly in rural communities than in urban areas. Longevity increases the risk of frailty. Our aim was to explore how single-living frail older adults experience living with frailty in everyday life in rural Arctic areas. Over eight months, we conducted a series of three ... -
Prediction of thyroid nodule histopathology by expert ultrasound evaluation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-17)<i>Objective</i> - The basis of thyroid nodule diagnostics is ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy with cytological evaluation (FNC) if ultrasound appearance is not clearly benign. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive potential of dedicated, expert high-resolution ultrasound, to see if histopathological entities of thyroid nodules can be diagnosed without invasive FNC biopsies.< ... -
Changes in maternal risk factors and their association with changes in cesarean sections in Norway between 1999 and 2016: A descriptive population-based registry study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-03)Background - Increases in the proportion of the population with increased likelihood of cesarean section (CS) have been postulated as a driving force behind the rise in CS rates worldwide. The aim of the study was to assess if changes in selected maternal risk factors for CS are associated with changes in CS births from 1999 to 2016 in Norway.<p> <p>Methods and findings - This national ... -
Adverse events reporting by obstetric units in Norway as part of their quality assurance and patient safety work: an analysis of practice
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-08)Background - The Norwegian Board of Health Supervision aims to contribute to the improvement of quality and patient safety in the healthcare services. Planned audits were performed to investigate how 12 selected Norwegian obstetric units reported and analyzed adverse events as the part of their quality assurance and patient safety work.<p> Methods - Serious adverse events coded as birth asphyxia, ... -
Nitric oxide, oxidative stress and streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus bacterial loads in saliva during the different stages of pregnancy: A longitudinal study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-03)Hormonal changes associated with pregnancy promote oral bacterial growth, which may affect salivary nitric oxide (NO) levels, oxidative stress (OS), and antioxidant capacity (AC). We hypothesized that caries-related bacterial load, NO level, and OS in the saliva change with advancing gestation. The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes in salivary NO, OS, and AC during pregnancy ... -
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 prevalence in 1170 asymptomatic Norwegian conscripts
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-15)<i>Background</i> - Accurate estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in different population groups are important for the health authorities. In Norway, public infection control measures have successfully curbed the pandemic. However, military training and service are incompatible with these measures; therefore extended infection control measures were implemented in the Norwegian Armed Forces. We aimed ... -
Hippocampus-Avoidance Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy Is Efficient in the Long-Term Preservation of Hippocampal Volume
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-19)Background and Purpose: With improved life expectancy, preventing neurocognitive decline after cerebral radiotherapy is gaining more importance. Hippocampal damage has been considered the main culprit for cognitive deficits following conventional whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Here, we aimed to determine to which extent hippocampus-avoidance WBRT (HA-WBRT) can prevent hippocampal atrophy ... -
A two-lab direct replication attempt of Southgate, Senju and Csibra (2007)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-25)The study by Southgate et al. (2007 Psychol. Sci.18, 587–592. (doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01944.x)) has been widely cited as evidence for false-belief attribution in young children. Recent replication attempts of this paradigm have yielded mixed results: several studies did not replicate the original findings, raising doubts about the suitability of the paradigm to assess non-verbal action prediction ... -
Healthcare professionals' knowledge of modifiable stroke risk factors: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey in greater Gaborone, Botswana
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-27)Background - Stroke remains the second leading cause of deaths and disability globally, with highest mortality in Africa (low- and middle-income countries). It is crucial for healthcare professionals to have sufficient stroke risk factors' knowledge in order to reduce the stroke burden. <p> <p>Aims - We investigated healthcare professionals' knowledge of modifiable stroke risk factors, and ... -
High expression of miR-17-5p in tumor epithelium is a predictor for poor prognosis for prostate cancer patients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-05)MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNA molecules, which are involved in the development of various malignancies, including prostate cancer (PCa). miR-17-5p is considered the most prominent member of the miR-17-92 cluster, with an essential regulatory function of fundamental cellular processes. In many malignancies, up-regulation of miR-17-5p is associated with worse outcome. In PCa, miR-17-5p has ... -
Combined Lifestyle Behaviors and the Incidence of Common Cancer Types in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-16)<i>Introduction</i>: Only a small number of studies have examined the impact of combined lifestyle behaviors on cancer incidence, and never in a Norwegian population.<br><br> <i>Purpose</i>: To examine linear and nonlinear associations of combined lifestyle factors, assessed through a healthy lifestyle index (HLI), with the incidence of postmenopausal breast, colorectal, lung, postmenopausal ... -
Treatment of cardiovascular dysfunction with PDE5-inhibitors - temperature dependent effects on transport and metabolism of cAMP and cGMP
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-30)<i>Introduction</i>: Cardiovascular dysfunction is a potentially lethal complication of hypothermia. Due to a knowledge gap, pharmacological interventions are not recommended at core temperatures below 30°C. Yet, further cooling is induced in surgical procedures and survival of accidental hypothermia is reported after rewarming from below 15°C, advocating a need for evidence-based treatment guidelines. ... -
Role of Virus-Induced Host Cell Epigenetic Changes in Cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-03)The tumor viruses human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) account for approximately 15% of all human cancers. Although the oncoproteins of these tumor viruses display no sequence similarity to one ... -
Antenatal breastmilk expression for women with diabetes in pregnancy - a feasibility study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-23)<i>Background</i> - Mothers with diabetes are less likely to achieve successful breastfeeding. Antenatal breastmilk expression (ABE) may facilitate earlier breastfeeding, but feasibility of introducing ABE and its acceptance among Scandinavian women have previously not been investigated.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - This observational trial was conducted between the 1 January 2019 and the 12 March ...
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