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Myelinated Retinal Nerve Fibre: Prevalence and its Association with Ocular and Systemic Parameters in Tromsø.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-11-30)Background: Myelinated retinal nerve fibres (MRNFs) are congenital anomalies of the fundus that occur in about 1% of the population. Clinically, they appear as grey or white well-separated patches with feathery borders along the retinal nerve fibre layer. MRNF has been reported to occur in association with some ocular parameters as well as stroke. However, most cases of MRNF occur in isolation and ... -
Hvordan ivaretas samspillsveiledning til foreldre i norske nyfødtintensivenheter?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-21)Bakgrunn: Nasjonale retningslinjer anbefaler at foreldre til prematurt fødte barn tilbys kunnskapsbasert samspillsveiledning mens barnet er innlagt på sykehus. Forskning viser at foreldreveiledningsprogrammet «Mother-Infant Transaction Program» (MITP-m) kan fremme vedvarende god utvikling og tilpasning i familier med prematurt fødte barn.<p> <p>Hensikt: Denne studien undersøker i hvilken grad ... -
Physical activity and cutaneous melanoma risk: A Norwegian population-based cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-20)Physical activity (PA) is an important factor in cancer prevention, but positive association between PA and risk of cutaneous melanoma found in recent studies may complicate this strategy. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure during outdoor PA is a plausible explanation for a positive association. We investigated the associations between PA, UVR and melanoma risk in the Norwegian Women and Cancer ... -
"Eksistensiell omsorg" i bachelorutdanningen i sykepleie - En dokumentanalyse
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-22)Bakgrunn: Sykepleiere møter pasienter der kunnskaper og ferdigheter innen eksistensiell omsorg kan utgjøre en stor forskjell i hvordan pasientene håndterer eksistensielle utfordringer. Både helse- og utdanningsmyndigheter har klare forventninger om at sykepleiere har den nødvendige kompetansen til å ivareta pasientenes eksistensielle behov. En viktig forutsetning er da at undervisningstilbudet ved ... -
Conditions and strategies to meet the challenges imposed by the COVID-19-related visiting restrictions in the ICU: a Scandinavian cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-26)Objectives - To examine conditions and strategies to meet the challenges imposed by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related visiting restrictions in Scandinavian intensive care units.<p> <p>Research methodology/design - A cross-sectional survey.<p> <p>Setting - Adult intensive care units in Denmark, Norway and Sweden.<p> <p>Main outcome measures - Likert scale responses and free-text ... -
Socio-demographic, behavioural and psycho-social factors associated with depression in two Russian cities
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-04)Background - Russia has a high burden of suicide and alcohol-attributable mortality. However there have been few studies of the epidemiology of depression.<p> <p>Methods - The study population was 5077 men and women aged 35-69 years from a cross-sectional population based survey in the cities of Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk (2015-17). Moderate depression was defined as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ... -
How romantic relationships affect individual career goal attainment: A transactive goal dynamics perspective
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-11)Despite the importance of career goals for career self-management, we know little about the self-regulatory processes underlying career goal attainment. In this study, we draw on transactive goal dynamics theory to investigate whether and how romantic relationships impact career goal attainment. For testing our research model, we focused on the career goal of being successful in a political election, ... -
Negotiating Uncertainty in Clinical Encounters: A Narrative Exploration of Naturally Occurring Primary Care Consultations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-09)Based on a narrative analysis of 20 naturally occurring clinical consultations between general practitioners and patients in England, sourced from the One in a million data archive, we explore how they conceptualize and negotiate medical and existential uncertainty. To capture the interactional element, which is often overlooked, three consultations receive special attention. While exploring the ... -
Strategimøte 2019 - Mikrobiologisk diagnostikk ved virale CNS-infeksjoner
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2021-09)I regi av Referansegruppen for ekstern kvalitetssikring i virologi og serologi, ble det den 31.10.2019 holdt strategimøte med temaet «Mikrobiologisk diagnostikk ved virale CNS-infeksjoner» på Gjestehuset, Lovisenberg sykehus i Oslo. Årets strategimøte var en oppdatering av et tidligere strategimøte fra 2002 med samme tittel. Nylig omtalte infeksjoner ble utelatt pga. tidshensyn, deriblant nevroborreliose ... -
NORM/NORM-VET 2020
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2021) -
Spared performance but increased uncertainty in schizophrenia: Evidence from a probabilistic decision-making task
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021)Aberrant attribution of salience to in fact little informative events might explain the emergence of positive symptoms in schizophrenia and has been linked to belief uncertainty. Uncertainty is thought to be encoded by neuromodulators, including norepinephrine. However, norepinephrinergic encoding of uncertainty, measured as task-related pupil dilation, has rarely been explored in schizophrenia. ... -
An observational study of sleep characteristics in elite endurance athletes during an altitude training camp at 1800 m
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-09)Objectives - To observe changes in sleep from baseline and during an altitude training camp in elite endurance athletes.<p> <p>Design - Prospective, observational.<p> <p>Setting - Baseline monitoring at <500 m for 2 weeks and altitude monitoring at 1800 m for 17-22 days.<p> <p>Participants - Thirty-three senior national-team endurance athletes (mean age 25.8 ± S.D. 2.8 years, 16 ... -
Screening decisions for non-abuse concerns reported to child protection agencies- a structural equation model for referral content and decision outcome
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-16)Objectives: Child protection referrals that contain information about incidents of physical child abuse, sexual abuse, and domestic violence have a high chance of being screened in for investigation. The aim of the current study is to investigate which case factors that affect the decision to screen-in cases with other types of concerns.<p> <p>Method: A sample of referrals (N = 1365) to child ... -
Changes in adiposity, physical activity, cardiometabolic risk factors, diet, physical capacity and well-being in inactive women and men aged 57-74 years with obesity and cardiovascular risk – A 6-month complex lifestyle intervention with 6-month follow-up
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-25)A key challenge in lifestyle interventions is long-term maintenance of favorable lifestyle changes. Middle-aged and older adults are important target groups. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate changes in adiposity, physical activity, cardiometabolic risk factors, diet, physical capacity, and well-being, in inactive middle-aged and older women and men with obesity and elevated cardiovascular ... -
Cutoff criteria for the placebo response: a cluster and machine learning analysis of placebo analgesia.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-28)Computations of placebo effects are essential in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for separating the specific effects of treatments from unspecific effects associated with the therapeutic intervention. Thus, the identification of placebo responders is important for testing the efficacy of treatments and drugs. The present study uses data from an experimental study on placebo analgesia to suggest ... -
Association of smoking and cancer with the risk of venous thromboembolism: the Scandinavian Thrombosis and Cancer cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-21)Smoking is a well-established risk factor for cancer, and cancer patients have a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Conflicting results have been reported on the association between smoking and risk of VTE, and the effect of smoking on VTE-risk in subjects with cancer is scarcely studied. We aimed to investigate the association between smoking and VTE in subjects with and without cancer in ... -
Accelerometer-measured physical activity in Norwegian adolescents. Results from The Fit Futures Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-16)This thesis examined the prevalence and patterns of accelerometer-measured physical activity in a cohort of urban-rural older adolescents in Northern Norway, participating in the Fit Futures Study. The thesis also assessed the validity of self-reported physical activity against accelerometer measurements, and explored the association between accelerometer-measured physical activity and subsequent ... -
Shaping the Perception of Risk: Investigating a Paradigmatic Case of Applied Decision Making under Uncertainty
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-15)Risk and uncertainty characterise most human endeavours. Whether judging risk when buying a house, making a career change, considering marriage, or simply ordering food at an unfamiliar restaurant, each decision involves evaluating the available evidence to infer the likelihood of negative outcomes. Such decisions are often marked by uncertainty, the condition of incomplete knowledge about the ... -
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: MOT-programmet Robust ungdom 12–16 (1. utg)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-21)BAKGRUNN - MOT Robust ungdom 12–16 er et universelt forebyggende og helsefremmende tiltak rettet mot ungdom i alderen 12–16 år. Målet er å utvikle varmere å tryggere samfunn gjennom å utvikle robuste ungdommer som inkluderer alle. Tiltaket består av tolv klassebesøk over alle årene i ungdomsskolen der ulike tema behandles og gjennomgås etter en fast plan. I tillegg forekommer det andre miljøskapende ... -
Does homeschooling fit students with school attendance problems? Exploring teachers’ experiences during COVID-19
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-26)Attending school on a regular basis and completing school is usually seen as a precondition for students’ academic, emotional, and social learning and development. However, some students struggle with school attendance problems (SAPs) for a myriad of reasons. Homeschooling is a topic of concern in long-term or problematic SAP cases. Some scholars claim that school absenteeism might increase and be ...
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